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The impact of adaptation of the body to various high-altitude levels was thoroughly studied in 355 Chinchilla rabbits. It was found that adaptation of the body to high-altitude conditions prevents to a great measure a complex of phenomena specific to heart failure: disturbed myocardial RNA metabolism, reduced cardiac volume, increased mass of circulating blood, destructive myocardial changes, etc. Adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia is conducive to resistance of the heart to additional load and may be used in the prevention of heart failure as well as in the prevention of heart diseases and circulatory disorders.

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The authors formulated for the first time a conception of the possibility of controlling the course of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment efficacy by means of determination of the amount of nucleic acids in the blood. A dependence has been established of changes of the amount of nucleic acids of the blood on the degree of clinical improvement of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

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Hemodynamics, coronary circulation, electric activity and morphologic changes of the heart were investigated in 150 rabbits after their extended adaptation to high altitude hypoxia and during readaptation. It was found that changes in the contractile function of the hypertrophied heart, which developed as a result of moderate hypertrophy and isotonic hyperfunction of the left ventricle and marked hypertrophy and isometric hyperfunction of the right ventricle during prolonged adaptation to hypoxia, recovered within 15-30 days after hypoxia exposure was discontinued.

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Normalization of heart muscle phospholipid metabolism and reactivation of the activity of membrane-bound enzymes participating in the reactions of biosynthesis of nucleic acids have been studied. These investigations were carried out under the conditions of experimental myocardial infarction. The effects of essential forte have been examined when it was combined with both a tocopherol, and sodium nucleinate. It was pointed out that essential forte using without other reagents leads to the depression of nucleic acids biosynthesis in affected heart muscle, while the combinations of it with a-tocopherol, and especially with sodium nucleinate are accompanied by the significant intensification of reactions of formation of desoxynucleic and ribonucleic acids biosynthesis in necrotic areas as well as in peripheral regions of affected myocardial tissue. These positive changes are accompanied also by the pronounced normalization of haemodynamic activity of infarcted myocardium.

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The study was carried out using 140 rabbits adapted to different altitudes (1000 m, 2000 m and 3250 m above sea level) for various times (from 2 days to 2 months). In the course of adaptation to high altitude hypoxia immediate adaptive changes (systemic, central hemodynamics, coronary circulation, cardiac electrical stability) and profound structural changes that formed the foundation of long-term adaptation (metabolic and structural changes) developed. The degree of adaptive changes was correlated with the altitude and time of exposure to hypoxia. High mountain adaptation developed in stages to sustain body requirements.

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Pyromecaine is a local anesthetic used for surface anesthesia. Its marked antiarrhythmic activity has been established in various models of experimental cardiac arrhythmia in doses of 0.1-2.5 mg/kg. Pyromecaine has a wide spectrum of antiarrhythmic action, exerts a favourable effect on the intracardiac and systemic hemodynamics, on the contractility of the left ventricle and on the myocardial blood flow following the ligation of the coronary artery. Other positive properties of pyromecaine include its anesthetic activity and a relatively low toxicity.

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In animals with a ligated anterior descending left coronary artery, a single administration of nonaclazine (5 mg/kg bw) leads to a marked increase in the coronary blood flow and to an improvement in cardiovascular system function. Administration of nonachlazin for 7 days helps normalize the electrophysiological and hemodynamic characteristics and produces a beneficial effect on the myocardial blood flow and contractility. Interaction of nonaclazine with adrenergic receptors does not appear to have any decisive significance in the drug action mode.

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In order to investigate the systemic and central haemodynamics, blood perfusion, and metabolism of the myocardium in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), experiments were carried out in 80 mongrel dogs with experimental AMI, induced by ligation of the descending branch of the left coronary artery, and 183 patients with transmural AMI were clinically followed-up. It was found that after coronary artery ligation the blood flow in the intact myocardial parts increased, whereas in the infarcted zone it decreased. These shifts persisted fairly long after the induction of AMI. Simultaneously the cardiac output markedly tended to decrease in all animals, and this tendency also persisted for the next two days. It was proved that the haemodynamic shifts in question were associated with a decrease in the myocardial biosynthesis of individual fractions of RNA after the coronary artery ligation. The clinical observations confirmed that AMI was accompanied by a decrease in myocardial contractility. The degree of the decrease was directly proportional to the infarct size. The dependence of the changes on the localization of AMI was less marked.

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