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OBJECTIVE: to investigate dental auxiliaries (DA) hepatitis B immunization in Brazilian National Health System (SUS) services in nine cities in São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2018. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional study based on interviews using a questionnaire as well as evaluation of immunity using the anti-HBs test, evaluation of prior testing, test result and interpretation and guidance provided about hepatitis B. RESULTS: of the 70 registered DA, 35 completed the course of vaccinations, 29 had negative anti-HBs test results, 16 had tested previously, and 43 did not correctly understand their result; there was association (p=0.025) between completed course of vaccinations and receipt of guidance. CONCLUSION: most DA received guidance about hepatitis B; however, a considerable portion did not complete the course of vaccinations and had negative anti-HBs test results; few DA had tested previously nor correctly interpreted the result; evidence was found of an alarming scenario in which there are severe shortcomings in DA hepatitis B immunization.

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INTRODUCTION: Occupational exposure is a major risk factor for hepatitis B (HB) transmission. METHODS: Vaccination coverage and immunity verification from 64 dentists of the Brazilian Unified Health System were investigated. An immunochromatographic method was used to verify immunity against the disease. RESULTS: Overall, 77.77% of participating dentists completed the vaccination schedule; 37.50% had negative anti-HBs test results. Furthermore, 60.93% of participants never underwent anti-HBs tests and 40% did not know how to correctly interpret results. CONCLUSIONS: Numerous dentists were not immune to the disease. Few participants previously performed the test, with many not knowing how to interpret the results.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Occupational exposure is a major risk factor for hepatitis B (HB) transmission. METHODS: Vaccination coverage and immunity verification from 64 dentists of the Brazilian Unified Health System were investigated. An immunochromatographic method was used to verify immunity against the disease. RESULTS: Overall, 77.77% of participating dentists completed the vaccination schedule; 37.50% had negative anti-HBs test results. Furthermore, 60.93% of participants never underwent anti-HBs tests and 40% did not know how to correctly interpret results. CONCLUSIONS: Numerous dentists were not immune to the disease. Few participants previously performed the test, with many not knowing how to interpret the results.

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A hepatite B representa um sério problema de saúde pública, devido ao número elevado de indivíduos portadores da doença e às complicações decorrentes de sua evolução. A vacinação é a principal forma de prevenção e torna-se primordial, especialmente, entre os cirurgiões-dentistas e as auxiliares em saúde bucal, devido à exposição frequente à materiais biológicos, instrumentais e ambientes contaminados. O teste anti-HBs, para verificação da imunidade, ainda é um método pouco utilizado pelos profissionais da saúde, pois é pouco relatado na literatura. Considerando a importância da prevenção da hepatite B e a escassez de pesquisas sobre a verificação da imunidade dos profissionais de saúde, no presente estudo objetivou-se avaliar a cobertura vacinal da hepatite B, o resultado do teste anti-HBs, a realização prévia do teste, a interpretação do resultado do mesmo e o recebimento de orientações sobre a doença em cirurgiões-dentistas e auxiliares em saúde bucal do Sistema Único de Saúde de 9 cidades do Noroeste Paulista. Para este propósito, foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado e auto administrado com questões referentes ao perfil sóciodemográfico, cobertura vacinal, verificação da imunidade e recebimento de orientações sobre a patologia. Para verificar a imunidade à doença, foi utilizado o método imunocromatográfico, por meio do teste anti-HBs. A análise estatística descritiva e os testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher, ao nível de significância de 5% foram realizados. Do total de 74 cirurgiões-dentistas, 64 (86,48%) aceitaram participar do estudo. A maioria (77,77%) havia realizado o esquema vacinal completo e recebido orientações sobre a doença (78,69%), contudo uma parcela considerável apresentou resultado negativo (37,50%) ao teste anti-HBs. Verificou-se que 60,93% nunca havia realizado o teste e dentre os que já haviam realizado, 40% não sabiam interpretar corretamente o resultado. Em relação aos auxiliares em saúde bucal, do total de 70 profissionais, 63 (90,00%) aceitaram participar do estudo. Embora tenha sido observada associação significativa (p<0,05) entre a realização do esquema vacinal e o recebimento de orientações sobre a doença, apenas 55,56% dos profissionais havia completado o esquema vacinal. Uma parcela considerável (46,03%) apresentou resultado negativo ao teste antiHBs. Apenas 25,40% dos participantes havia realizado o teste anteriormente ao estudo e destes, somente 31,25% tinham conhecimento sobre o significado correto do resultado. Ocorrência de acidentes com instrumental perfurocortante foi relatada por 50,79% dos profissionais e destes, 46,03% apresentou resultado negativo ao teste de imunidade. Conclui-se que uma parcela considerável dos profissionais não havia realizado o esquema vacinal completo e apresentou resultado negativo para o teste anti-HBs. A maioria dos profissionais havia sofrido algum acidente com instrumental perfurocortante e recebido informações sobre a doença. Apenas uma pequena parte havia realizado o teste anteriormente e sabia interpretar corretamente o resultado. Estes achados evidenciam uma realidade preocupante que sugere que uma parte significativa dos cirurgiões-dentistas e auxiliares em saúde bucal está atuando sem a proteção adequada ao risco de infecção pela hepatite B(AU)

Hepatitis B is a serious public health problem due to the high number of individuals with the disease and complications due to its evolution. Vaccination is the main form of prevention and is especially important among dentists and dental auxiliaries due to frequent exposure to contaminated biological materials, instrumental and environments. The anti-HBs test, for the verification of immunity, is still a method little used by the health professionals, because this approach is few reported in the literature. Considering the importance of the prevention of hepatitis B and the scarcity of researches about the verification of the immunity of health professionals, the present study aimed to evaluate vaccine coverage, anti-HBs test result, previous test performance, interpretation of the result of the test and the receipt of guidelines about hepatitis B in dentists and dental auxiliaries of the Brazil's national health system of 9 cities of the Northwest of the São Paulo state. For this purpose, a semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire was applied with questions regarding sociodemographic profile, vaccination coverage, verification of immunity and receipt of guidelines about the pathology. Then, to verify the presence of antibodies against the disease, the immunochromatographic method was used by the anti-HBs test. Descriptive statistical analysis and Fisher's exact test and Chi-square test at a significance level of 5% were performed. Of the 74 dentists, 64 (86.48%) accepted to participate in the study. It was observed that the majority of (77.77%) had completed the complete vaccination scheme and received guidance about the disease (78.69%); however, a considerable number showed negative result (37.50%) to antiHBs test. It was verified that 60.93% had never performed the test and of those who had already performed, 40% did not know how to correctly interpret the result. Regarding dental auxiliaries, of 70 professionals, 63 (90.00%) accepted to participate of the study. Although an association (p <0.05) was observed between the accomplishment of the vaccination scheme and the receipt of guidelines on the disease, only 55.56% had completed the vaccination scheme. A considerable portion (46.03%) showed negative result to the anti-HBs test. It was observed that only 25.40% of the participants had performed the test previously to the study and of these, only 31.25% had knowledge about the correct meaning of the result. Occurrence of accidents with instruments was reported by 50.79% of the professionals and of these, 46.03% showed negative result to the test. It was concluded that a considerable number of professionals did not complete the complete vaccination schedule and showed negative result for the anti-HBs test. Most of the professionals had suffered an accident with instruments and received information about the disease. Only a small part had performed the test previously and knew how to correctly interpret the result. These findings highlight a worrying reality that suggests that a significant proportion of dentists and dental auxiliaries are working without adequate protection against the risk of hepatitis B infection(AU)

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RESUMO Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde sobre as práticas e a promoção do aleitamento materno. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo, inquérito, quanti-qualitativo realizado com amostra de 148 agentes. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado, com questões abertas e fechadas. Foram analisadas as variáveis: sociodemográficas, capacidade para orientação sobre o aleitamento, participação em treinamentos/cursos, conhecimentos sobre vantagens do aleitamento para mãe e bebê. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva, foram empregados os testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e G, ao nível de significância 5%. As questões abertas foram analisadas segundo a técnica de pesquisa qualitativa. Resultados: aproximadamente, 45,95% dos agentes não foram capacitados para realizar orientação prática das nutrizes sobre o aleitamento e 63,30% nunca participaram de cursos sobre amamentação. A maioria citou vantagens do aleitamento relacionadas, somente, ao bebê, emergindo as categorias: nutrição do bebê, imunológica, desenvolvimento/saúde do bebê, dentição/ossos. Houve associação estatisticamente significante entre capacidade de orientar as mães na amamentação e participação em treinamentos (p<0,001). Conclusão: os agentes não haviam participado de cursos de capacitação para acompanhar as nutrizes, apresentaram conhecimento limitado sobre a prática e a promoção do aleitamento, e as visitas domiciliares realizadas pós-parto ocorreram tardiamente.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify the knowledge of community health workers on practices and promotion of breastfeeding. Methods: this is a cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to investigate a sample of 148 health workers quantitatively and qualitatively. Data collection was performed by applying a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions. The following variables were analysed: sociodemographic data, capacity to provide breastfeeding guidance, participation in training and courses, and knowledge of the breastfeeding benefits for mother and baby. Statistical analysis was performed with chi-square test, exact Fisher’s test and G-test at significance level of 5%. Open questions were analysed according to the qualitative research technique. Results: approximately, 45.95% of the health workers were not trained to provide nursing mothers with practical guidance on breastfeeding, and 63.30% never attended courses on breastfeeding. The majority of health workers mentioned breastfeeding benefits only for the baby, namely: nutrition, immunology, development, health, dentition, and bones. There was a statistically significant association between the capacity to provide breastfeeding guidance and participation in training (p<0.001). Conclusion: the health workers had not participated in training courses to follow up nursing mothers, in addition to having a limited knowledge on practices and promotion of breastfeeding and paying late post-natal home visits.