RESUMEN
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is defined as the exposed necrotic bone involving the maxillofacial structures in bisphosphonate treated patients, and the pathophysiology of this disease remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the allogeneic transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in a model of Wistar mice with induced MRONJ disease. BM-MSCs from five male Wistar rats were characterized and cultured on ß-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP) granules. Thirty female Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with zoledronic acid and afterwards upper jaw molars were extracted. The animals were randomized to receive: Group 1: 1 × 106 BM-MSCs/ß-TCP construct in the alveolar socket; and Group 2: Saline solution/ß-TCP construct. A clinical and histological analysis was performed. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was assessed to verify the presence of transplanted male rat cells in the female recipient jaws. Clinical and histological findings evidenced that none of the animals in Group 1 exhibited uncovered sockets or bone exposure associated to MRONJ, whereas we detected 33% of MRONJ cases in Group 2. In addition, male rat cells were detected in the maxillae site four weeks after transplantation in the BM-MSCs-group. Allogeneic BM-MSCs in extractions sites ameliorates MRONJ incidence in zoledronic acid-treated rats compared to non-MSC treatments.
RESUMEN
Los traumatismos penetrantes causados por el disparo de un fusil de pesca submarina son extremadamente raros. El tratamiento quirúrgico está condicionado por el «mecanismo de barba», que impide una retirada segura de la flecha en sentido contrario al de su entrada, ya que la aleta del fusil provocaría graves daños. Presentamos un caso clínico y un sistema sencillo de bloqueo del retroceso de la aleta que permitió una retirada segura en sentido retrógrado (AU)
Penetrating injuries caused by firing an underwater speargun are exteremely rare. The surgical treatment is determined by the «barb mechanism», which hinders the safe withdrawal of the spear in the opposite direction to its entrance, since the fin of the spear could cause serious injury. We present a clinical case and a simple system of blocking the backward movement of the fin which allowed the safe withdrawal in the retrograde direction (AU)