RESUMEN

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Dynapenia is a risk factor of mortality. Therefore, the development of low-cost and easy-to-apply tools is essential to optimize the health surveillance actions of older people. OBJECTIVES: To compare the time spent on habitual physical activity (HPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among dynapenic and non-dynapenic older adults and ascertain the predictive ability of these behaviors on outcome. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional population epidemiological survey was conducted involving 208 older adults. METHODS: HPA and SB were quantified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and dynapenia was identified by handgrip strength (women: 18.37 kgf; men: 26.75 kgf). RESULTS: The prevalence was 24.50%. In both sexes, dynapenic individuals reported a HPA median time of 70.00 minutes/week (min/wk), while non-dynapenic women and men reported HPA median times of 240.00 and 280.00 min/wk, respectively (P < 0.05). For SB among dynapenic individuals, a median of 388.75 min/day was observed in women and 428.57 min/d in men. In contrast, non-dynapenic women and men had 291.42 and 274.28 min/day in SB (P < 0.05), respectively. The best cutoff HPA to discriminate the outcome was 150.00 min/wk in women (sensitivity: 73.30%; specificity: 60.67%) and 140.00 min/wk in men (sensitivity, 71.43%; specificity, 61.54%). The best cutoff SB was 381.43 min/day in women (sensitivity, 53.30%; specificity, 84.80%) and 351.43 min/day in men (sensitivity, 71.43%; specificity, 73.85%). CONCLUSION: Older individuals with dynapenia spent less time on HPA and more time in SB. Furthermore, HPA was found to be a better discriminator of dynapenic individuals, and SB better discriminated non-dynapenic individuals.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Dynapenia is a risk factor of mortality. Therefore, the development of low-cost and easy-to-apply tools is essential to optimize the health surveillance actions of older people. OBJECTIVES: To compare the time spent on habitual physical activity (HPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among dynapenic and non-dynapenic older adults and ascertain the predictive ability of these behaviors on outcome. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional population epidemiological survey was conducted involving 208 older adults. METHODS: HPA and SB were quantified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and dynapenia was identified by handgrip strength (women: 18.37 kgf; men: 26.75 kgf). RESULTS: The prevalence was 24.50%. In both sexes, dynapenic individuals reported a HPA median time of 70.00 minutes/week (min/wk), while non-dynapenic women and men reported HPA median times of 240.00 and 280.00 min/wk, respectively (P < 0.05). For SB among dynapenic individuals, a median of 388.75 min/day was observed in women and 428.57 min/d in men. In contrast, non-dynapenic women and men had 291.42 and 274.28 min/day in SB (P < 0.05), respectively. The best cutoff HPA to discriminate the outcome was 150.00 min/wk in women (sensitivity: 73.30%; specificity: 60.67%) and 140.00 min/wk in men (sensitivity, 71.43%; specificity, 61.54%). The best cutoff SB was 381.43 min/day in women (sensitivity, 53.30%; specificity, 84.80%) and 351.43 min/day in men (sensitivity, 71.43%; specificity, 73.85%). CONCLUSION: Older individuals with dynapenia spent less time on HPA and more time in SB. Furthermore, HPA was found to be a better discriminator of dynapenic individuals, and SB better discriminated non-dynapenic individuals.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados à suspeição de transtornos mentais comuns (TMCs) em idosos de um município de pequeno porte do Nordeste brasileiro. Métodos Estudo epidemiológico populacional, com delineamento transversal, realizado com idosos da área urbana de Aiquara-BA. As informações sociodemográficas, de hábitos de vida e de condições de saúde foram coletadas, em entrevistas, a partir de um instrumento próprio. O nível de atividade física foi averiguado por meio do International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Foram considerados insuficientemente ativos os entrevistados que despendiam tempo < 150 mim/sem em atividade física. A identificação da suspeição de TMCs foi realizada pelo Self-Reporting Questionnaire, com ponto de corte de sete ou mais respostas positivas. Para as análises inferenciais, utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson, regressão logística multivariada e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança (ICs) de 95,0% (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados Participaram do estudo 232 idosos (58,6% mulheres), com média de idade de 71,6 ± 7,5 anos e prevalência de suspeição de TMCs de 32,6%. No modelo final de regressão, foi observado que estiveram associadas à suspeição de TMCs: as mulheres (RP: 2,49; IC95%: 1,27-4,88); os idosos com autopercepção negativa de saúde (RP: 2,73; IC95%: 1,46-5,10); os idosos que referiram ter distúrbios do sono (RP: 3,12; IC95%: 1,56-6,21); e os insuficientemente ativos (RP: 2,30; IC95%: 1,20-4,41). Conclusão Em Aiquara-BA, identificou-se elevada prevalência de suspeição de TMCs, principalmente em mulheres, nos avaliados com autopercepção de saúde negativa, entre os que referiram ter distúrbios do sono e nos participantes insuficientemente ativos.

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with suspected common mental disorders (CMD) in older adults in a small municipality in Northeastern Brazil. Methods Population epidemiological cross-sectional study carried out with older adults from the urban area of Aiquara, BA. Sociodemographic information, lifestyle and health conditions were collected in interviews, using a specific instrument. The level of physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Respondents who dismissed time < 150 min/wk in physical activity were considered insufficiently active. The identification of suspected CMD was performed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire, with a cut-off point of seven or more positive responses. For inferential analyses, Pearson's chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used, and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (p ≤ 0.05). Results A total of 232 older adults (58.6% women), with a mean age of 71.6 ± 7.5 years participated in the study and 32.6% exhibited suspected CMD. In the final regression model, it was observed that women were associated with suspected CMD (PR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.27-4.88); older adults with self-perceived poor health (PR: 2.73; 95%CI: 1.46-5.10); the older adults who reported experiencing sleep disorders (PR: 3.12; 95%CI: 1.56-6.21) and those who were insufficiently active (PR: 2.30; 95%CI: 1.20-4.41). Conclusion In Aiquara, BA, a high prevalence of suspected common mental disorders was identified, especially in women, in patients evaluated with negative self-perceived health, among those who reported having sleep disorders and in insufficiently active participants.

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association of anthropometric indicators of adiposity in older people, according to sex, with hypertension; to compare the scores of these variables between participants with and without hypertension; and to identify among them those with better predictive ability for screening the outcome. Methods: Epidemiological, population-based, cross-sectional study conducted with 210 older people. The anthropometric indicators analyzed were: body mass index, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, body adiposity index, triceps skinfold, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, and conicity index. Hypertension diagnosis was self-reported. Results: The indicators of adiposity increased the probability of hypertension. Additionally, hypertensive older people of both sexes showed higher scores on adiposity indicators than non-hypertensive subjects (p < 0.05). For men, the most sensitive indicator for the outcome was conicity index (81.82%; cut-off point: 1.30) and the most specific was body mass index (69.77%; cut-off point: 25.05 kg/m2). For women, the most sensitive indicator for the outcome was the body adiposity index (86.08%; cut-off point: 31.03%), and the most specific was the abdominal circumference (82.82%; cut-off point: 98.70 cm). Conclusion: In both sexes, the indicators of adiposity were positively associated with hypertension; hypertensive participants showed higher values in the scores of the indicators. Additionally, the body adiposity index (women) and conicity index (men) demonstrated greater ability to screen for hypertension, while the abdominal circumference and body mass index demonstrated greater ability to screen for non-hypertensive women and men, respectively.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação de indicadores antropométricos de adiposidade com a hipertensão, em pessoas idosas, de acordo com o sexo; comparar os escores dessas variáveis entre os participantes com e sem hipertensão; e identificar os indicadores com melhor capacidade preditiva à triagem do desfecho. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, populacional, transversal, realizado com 210 pessoas idosas. Os indicadores antropométricos analisados foram: índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura, circunferência abdominal, índice de adiposidade corporal, dobra cutânea tricipital, relação cintura/quadril, relação cintura/altura e índice de conicidade. O diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial foi autorreferido. Resultados: Observou-se que os indicadores de adiposidade aumentaram a probabilidade à hipertensão. Além disso, as pessoas idosas hipertensas, de ambos os sexos, apresentaram maiores escores nos indicadores de adiposidade quando comparadas às não hipertensas (p < 0,05). Para os homens, o indicador mais sensível ao desfecho foi o índice de conicidade (81,82%; ponto de corte: 1,30) e o mais específico foi o índice de massa corporal (69,77%; ponto de corte: 25,05 kg/m2). Nas mulheres, o indicador mais sensível ao desfecho foi o índice de adiposidade corporal (86,08%; ponto de corte: 31,03%) e o mais específico foi a circunferência abdominal (82,82%; ponto de corte: 98,70 cm). Conclusão: Em ambos os sexos, os indicadores de adiposidade mostraram-se positivamente associados à hipertensão; os participantes hipertensos apresentaram valores mais elevados nos escores dos indicadores. Ademais, identificou-se para os sexos, feminino e masculino, que os indicadores com melhor capacidade de rastrear a hipertensão, foram, respectivamente, o índice de adiposidade corporal e índice de conicidade. Enquanto a circunferência abdominal e o índice de massa corporal mostraram maior capacidade de rastrear, respectivamente, as mulheres e os homens não hipertensos.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Abstract Introduction Aging is marked by physiological changes and a decrease in physical activity. These aspects can have repercussions, namely declining functionality and increasing likelihood of adverse events. Objective To compare performance in physical fitness tests of sufficiently and insufficiently active older people. Methods Epidemiological population study, cross-sectional, carried out with 209 older people (58.4% women) from Aiquara/BA. Sociodemographic information was obtained by means of interviews. Physical fitness was measured by means of the following tests: handgrip strength, chair stand, arm curl, timed up and go, sit and reach and step in place. The level of physical activity was checked by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (<150 min/week physical activity = insufficiently active). Comparisons were made using the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test, according to the distribution of normality determined by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p ≤ 0.05). Results We found that 51.70% of the participants were insufficiently active (men: 66.66%; women: 40.98%). In addition, insufficiently active participants of both sexes performed less well in the handgrip strength, chair stand, arm curl, timed up and go and step in place tests (p < 0.05). Moreover, insufficiently active men showed lower performance in the sit and reach test than sufficiently active men (p < 0.05). Conclusion Insufficiently active older women and men have lower muscle strength/resistance, dynamic balance/agility and cardiorespiratory endurance. Furthermore, insufficiently active men show less flexibility than those sufficiently active.

Resumo Introdução O envelhecimento é marcado por alterações fisiológicas e diminuição do tempo em atividade física (AF). Tais aspectos podem repercutir no declínio da funcionalidade e propiciar maior probabilidade para eventos adversos. Objetivo Comparar o desempenho em testes de aptidão física de pessoa idosas suficiente e insuficientemente ativas. Métodos Estudo epidemiológico populacional, transversal, realizado com 209 pessoas idosas (58,40% mulheres) de Aiquara/BA. As informações sociodemográficas foram obtidas a partir de entrevistas. A aptidão física foi mensurada por meio dos seguintes testes: força de preensão manual; levantar e sentar da cadeira; flexão do antebraço; levantar, caminhar 2,44 m e sentar; sentar e alcançar o pé; e marcha estacionária. O nível de atividade física foi averiguado pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (< 150 min/sem em AF = insuficientemente ativo). As comparações foram feitas por meio dos testes t de Student ou U de Mann-Whitney, conforme a distribuição de normalidade averiguada pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados A prevalência do nível de AF insuficiente foi de 51,70% (homens: 66,66%; mulheres: 40,98%). Verificou-se, em ambos os sexos, que os insuficientemente ativos demonstraram menor desempenho na força de preensão manual; sentar e levantar da cadeira; flexão do antebraço; levantar, caminhar e sentar; e marcha estacionária (p < 0,05). Além do mais, os homens insuficientemente ativos apresentaram menor desempenho no teste sentar e alcançar o pé em relação aos suficientemente ativos (p < 0,05). Conclusão Identificou-se que os idosos insuficientemente ativos, de ambos os sexos, apresentaram menor força/resistência muscular, equilíbrio dinâmico/agilidade e resistência cardiorrespiratória. Ademais, os homens insuficientemente ativos demonstraram menor flexibilidade do que os suficientemente ativos.

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT This research aimed to analyze the association of physical activity (PA) level combined with exposure to sedentary behavior (SB) with dynapenia in older people. Epidemiological, cross-sectional study, conducted with 208 older adults in Aiquara, Bahia, Brazil. Habitual PA and SB were quantified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Based on this information, participants were divided into groups (G): G1) sufficiently active and low SB; G2) sufficiently active and high SB; G3) insufficiently active and low SB; and G4) insufficiently active and high SB. Assessment of dynapenia was performed based on the values of the handgrip strength measured in kilogram-force (kgf) (women: 18.37 kgf; men: 26.75 kgf). Descriptive analysis was conducted using absolute and relative frequencies, mean and standard deviation. For the inferential analysis, Poisson regression was used, with a robust estimator, calculation of Prevalence Ratios (PRs) and their relevant Confidence Intervals (CIs) of 95.0%. It was observed that the mean age of women and men were, respectively, 71.0 ± 6.7 and 72.3 ± 8.1 years and the prevalence of dynapenia observed was about 24.5%. Furthermore, it was found that the insufficiently active older adults with low SB (G3) (PR: 2.28; 95%CI: 1.09-4.76), and those insufficiently active with high SB (G4) (PR: 4, 14; 95%CI: 1.95-8.70), were more likely to experience the assessed outcome. Evidence showed that, among the older adults in Aiquara the prevalence of dynapenia was high in the presence of an insufficient level of PA, especially when combined with greater exposure to SB

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a associação do nível de atividade física (AF) combinado à exposição ao comportamento sedentário (CS) com a dinapenia em idosos. Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, conduzido com 208 idosos de Aiquara, Bahia, Brasil. A AF habitual e o CS foram quantificados pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A partir destas informações, dividiu-se os participantes em grupos (G): G1) suficientemente ativos e baixo CS; G2) suficientemente ativos e elevado CS; G3) insuficientemente ativos e baixo CS; e G4) insuficientemente ativos e elevado CS. A avaliação da dinapenia foi realizada a partir dos valores, em quilograma-força (kgf), da força de preensão manual (mulheres: 18,37 kgf; homens: 26,75 kgf). A análise descritiva foi conduzida por meio de frequências absolutas e relativas, média e desvio padrão. Para a análise inferencial utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson, com estimador robusto, cálculo das Razões de Prevalência (RP) e de seus respectivos Intervalos de Confiança (IC) de 95,0%. Observou-se que as médias de idade das mulheres e dos homens, foram, respectivamente, 71,0 ± 6,7 e 72,3 ± 8,1 anos e a prevalência de dinapenia observada foi na ordem de 24,5%. Ademais, averiguou-se que os idosos insuficientemente ativos com baixo CS (G3) (RP: 2,28; IC95%: 1,09-4,76), e os insuficientemente ativos com elevado CS (G4) (RP: 4,14; IC95%: 1,95-8,70), apresentaram maior probabilidade ao desfecho analisado. As evidências verificadas mostraram que, entre os idosos de Aiquara, a prevalência de dinapenia foi elevada na presença do nível de AF insuficiente, especialmente quando combinado a uma maior exposição ao CS.

RESUMEN

Abstract Introduction During aging, changes occur in the human body that increase the probability of arterial hypertension which can potentiate deleterious effects on functional performance. Objective To analyze the association of functional performance indicators with hypertension in older people. Methods An epidemiological, population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 209 older adults (58.40% women). Functional performance was assessed by the following tests: handgrip strength; chair stand test; arm curl test; timed up and go (TUG); sit and reach test; and step in place test (SPT). Diagnosis of arterial hypertension was self-reported. Results The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 58.90% (males: 51.70%; females: 63.90%). It was also observed that the hypertensive individuals of both sexes had worse performance in SPT and TUG (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that each additional second for TUG increased by 11% the probability of hypertension in men (PR:1.11; 95%CI: 1.03-1.20) and by 7% in women (PR: 1.07; 95%CI: 1.04-1.12), while each step performed in the SPT decreased the probability for the outcome by 2% (men and women = PR: 0.98; 95%CI: 0.97-0.99). Conclusion TUG was found to be positively associated with hypertension, while SPT was inversely associated with hypertension.

Resumo Introdução Durante o envelhecimento ocorrem modificações no corpo humano, as quais aumentam a probabilidade de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS),o que pode potencializar efeitos deletérios no desem-penho funcional. Objetivo Analisar a associação de indicadores de desempenho funcional com a HAS em pessoas idosas. Métodos Inquérito epidemiológico, populacional, transversal, conduzido com 209 idosos (58,40% mulheres). O desempenho funcional foi averi-guado pelos seguintes testes: força de preensão manual; levantar e sentar da cadeira; flexão do antebraço; levantar, caminhar e sentar (LCS); sentar e alcançar o pé; e marcha estacionária (ME). O diagnóstico da HAS foi autorreferido. Resultados Averiguou-se a prevalência de HAS em 58,9% dos participantes (homens: 51,7%; mulheres: 63,9%). Observou-se, também, que os hipertensos de ambos os sexos apresentaram pior desempenho na ME e LCS (p < 0,05). Além disso, verificou-se que cada segundo a mais despendido para LSC aumentou em 11% e 7%, respectivamente, a probabilidade de HAS nos homens (RP: 1,11; IC95%: 1,03-1,20) e nas mulheres (RP: 1,07; IC95%: 1,04-1,12), enquanto cada passo a mais realizado na ME diminuiu em 2% a probabilidade para o desfecho (homens e mulheres = RP: 0,98; IC95%: 0,97-0,99). Conclusão Identificou-se que o teste de LCS esteve positivamente associado à HAS. Ademais, a ME apresentou-se inversamente associada à HAS.

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT This study identified factors associated with dynapenia in older adults residing in a small town in northeastern Brazil. It is a population-based study conducted with 208 senior citizens (58.7% women) from Aiquara, BA. Sociodemographic, behavioral and health information were obtained from face-to-face interviews, and nutritional status was assessed by body mass index. To measure their level of physical activity and sedentary behavior, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used. Dynapenia was diagnosed by sex, from the 25th percentile of handgrip strength, by means of a hydraulic dynamometer. For inferential analyses, Poisson regression was used, with a robust estimator, calculation of Prevalence Ratios (PRs) and their respective 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). The prevalence of dynapenia was higher in older adults aged 70-79 (PR: 3.21; 95%CI: 1.55-6.64) and ≥80 years (PR: 4.91; 95%CI: 2.32-10.39), in those with low weight (PR: 2.20; 95%CI: 1.26-3.82), in those who are insufficiently active (PR: 1.99; 95%CI: 1.12-3.54), and among those with high level of sedentary behavior (PR: 1.88; 95%CI: 1.19-2.98). The factors identified as being associated with dynapenia were: age between 70 and 79 and ≥80 years, insufficient level of physical activity; high level of sedentary behavior, and low weight.

RESUMO Este estudo identificou os fatores associados à dinapenia em idosos residentes em um município de pequeno porte do Nordeste brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo populacional, conduzido com 208 idosos (58,7% mulheres) de Aiquara-BA. As informações sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de condições de saúde foram obtidas em entrevistas face a face, e o estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal. Para mensuração do nível de atividade física e do comportamento sedentário, utilizou-se o International Physical Activity Questionnaire. O diagnóstico da dinapenia foi realizado por sexo, a partir do percentil 25 da força de preensão manual, averiguada com um dinamômetro hidráulico. Para análises inferenciais foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson, com estimador robusto, cálculo das Razões de Prevalência (RP) e de seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC). A prevalência de dinapenia foi maior nos idosos com idade entre 70-79 (RP: 3,21; IC95%: 1,55-6,64) e ≥80 anos (RP: 4,91; IC95%: 2,32-10,39), nos com baixo peso (RP: 2,20; IC95%: 1,26-3,82), nos insuficientemente ativos (RP: 1,99; IC95%: 1,12-3,54) e entre os com elevado comportamento sedentário (RP: 1,88; IC95%: 1,19-2,98). Identificou-se que os fatores associados à dinapenia foram: idade entre 70-79 e ≥80 anos, nível de atividade física insuficiente; elevado comportamento sedentário e baixo peso.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJETIVO: To analyze the temporal trend of overweight and obesity prevalence rates among adults in the Brazilian state capitals and Federal District between 2006 and 2019. METHODS: This was a time series study using data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey, 2006-2019 (n=730,309). Prevalence of overweight and obesity for each of the years was analyzed, according to combined sex, age, and schooling. Temporal variation trend was analyzed using Prais-Winsten regression. RESULTS: Variations in overweight prevalence were observed, mainly among males 18-24 years old with up to 8 years of schooling (3.17%/year) and among women between 18-24 years old with more than 12 or more years of schooling (6.81% /year). Variations in obesity prevalence were found mainly among women 18-24 years old with more than 12 years of schooling (10.79%/year). CONCLUSION: There was an increase in overweight and obesity in most of the socio-demographic strata studied, especially among more educated young people.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal das prevalências de excesso de peso e obesidade nas capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal, 2006-2019. Métodos: Série temporal, sobre dados do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (n=730.309). Analisaram-se as prevalências de excesso de peso e obesidade para cada ano, segundo a combinação de sexo, faixas etárias e níveis de escolaridade. A variação temporal foi analisada por regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Observaram-se variações das prevalências de excesso de peso, principalmente em homens com 18-24 anos de idade e até 8 anos de estudo (3,17%/ano), e em mulheres de 18-24 anos e ≥12 anos de estudo (6,81%/ano). Observaram-se variações na prevalência de obesidade, principalmente entre mulheres de 18-24 anos e escolaridade ≥12 anos (10,79%/ano). Conclusão: Verificou-se aumento do excesso de peso e obesidade na maioria dos estratos sociodemográficos, especialmente entre jovens de maior escolaridade.

Objetivo: Analizar la tendencia temporal de la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad entre adultos en las capitales brasileñas y el Distrito Federal, 2006-2019. Métodos: Serie temporal con datos del Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo y Protección de Enfermedades Crónicas por Encuesta Telefónica, 2006-2019 (n=730.309). Se analizaron, para cada uno de los años la prevalencia de sobrepeso y la obesidad, de acuerdo con las características combinadas de sexo, grupo de edad y nivel educativo. Se analizó la variación temporal por el modelo de regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: otalizaron 730.309 entrevistas en el período. Se observaron variaciones en la prevalencia de sobrepeso, principalmente en hombres, entre 18-24 años, con hasta 8 años de estudio (3,17%/año) y en mujeres, 18-24 años y ≥12 años de estudio (6,81%/año). Se observaron variaciones en la prevalencia de obesidad, principalmente entre mujeres, 18-24 años y ≥12 años de estudio (10,79%/año). Conclusión: Hubo un aumento en el sobrepeso y la obesidad en la mayoría de los estratos sociodemográficos estudiados, especialmente en los jóvenes con más estudio.

Objetivo: To analyze the temporal trend of overweight and obesity prevalence rates among adults in the Brazilian state capitals and Federal District between 2006 and 2019. Methods: This was a time series study using data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey, 2006-2019 (n=730,309). Prevalence of overweight and obesity for each of the years was analyzed, according to combined sex, age, and schooling. Temporal variation trend was analyzed using Prais-Winsten regression. Results: Variations in overweight prevalence were observed, mainly among males 18-24 years old with up to 8 years of schooling (3.17%/year) and among women between 18-24 years old with more than 12 or more years of schooling (6.81% /year). Variations in obesity prevalence were found mainly among women 18-24 years old with more than 12 years of schooling (10.79%/year). Conclusion: There was an increase in overweight and obesity in most of the socio-demographic strata studied, especially among more educated young people.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to estimate the mortality from all causes as a result of physical inactivity in Brazil and in Brazilian states over 28 years (1990-2017). METHODS: Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study for Brazil and states were used. The metrics used were the summary exposure value (SEV), the number of deaths, age-standardized mortality rates, and the fraction of population risk attributable to physical inactivity. RESULTS: The Brazilian population presented risk of exposure to physical inactivity of (age-standardized SEV) of 59% (95% U.I. 22-97) in 1990 and 59% in 2017 (95% U.I. 25-99). Physical inactivity contributed a significant number of deaths (1990, 22,537, 95% U.I. 12,157-34,745; 2017, 32,410, 95% U.I. 17,976-49,657) in the analyzed period. These values represented mortality rates standardized by age (per 100,000 inhabitants) of 31 (95% U.I. 17-48) in 1990 and 15 (95% U.I. 8-23) in 2017. From 1990 to 2017, a decrease in standardized death rate from all causes attributable to physical inactivity was observed in Brazil (- 52%, 95% U.I. - 54 to - 49). The Brazilian states with better socioeconomic conditions presented greater reductions in age-standardized mortality (male: rho = 0.80; female: rho 0.84) over the period of 28 years. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the promotion of physical activity in the Brazilian population for the prevention of early mortality.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A presente pesquisa trata de um estudo de caso descritivo e qualitativo com objetivo de descrever a dinâmica de trabalho das Equipes de Saúde da Família no cuidado ao homem, em uma unidade de saúde da família e objetiva abordar a concepção dos profissionais de saúde acerca da PNAISH, realizada em Unidade de Saúde da Família do município de Aracaju/SE, com profissionais de saúde. A coleta de dados utilizou a entrevista semiestruturada e observação dirigida e os dados foram tratados com a análise de conteúdo. A dinâmica de trabalho da ESF envolve o atendimento à demanda e a consultas agendadas, não desenvolvendo atividades direcionadas ao homem. Os participantes veem a PNAISH como fragmentação da assistência, não trazendo benefícios à população.

This was a descriptive study with a qualitative approach that aimed to describe the work dynamics of Family Health Care Teams in men's health care, and was carried out in Family Health Care Units in Aracaju, SE, with health professionals. The data collection consisted of semistructured interview and observation, and the data were analyzed using content analysis technique. The work dynamics of the Family Health Care Teams involve attending spontaneous demand and scheduled appointments for service, not developing activities targeted to men, and participants report a good interpersonal relationship among its members. These health professionals see the Common Men's Health policy as a fragmentation of care, not bringing benefits to the population.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Descrever as representações sociais dos profissionais de saúde sobre homens e cuidado à saúde, a partir do conteúdo e da estrutura dessas representações. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, que teve como referencial teórico-metodológico a Abordagem Estrutural da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Realizado com 104 profissionais de saúde da atenção básica do Município de Aracaju - SE, utilizou-se a Técnica de Evocação Livre de Palavras para coleta dos dados, estes foram processados pelo software EVOC 2003. Resultados: Foram evocadas 487 palavras em resposta ao termo indutor "homens e cuidado à saúde". Os resultados evidenciaram que os trabalhadores têm uma representação negativa acerca dos homens e o cuidado à sua saúde, sendo o desinteresse, medo e descuidado os termos mais evocados. Conclusão: Dessa maneira, é importante sensibilizar profissionais de saúde, usuários e a população para os efeitos negativos dessas concepções perpetuadas no imaginário social que distancia o homem do cuidado a saúde...

Asunto(s)