RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most frequent eating behavior among the general population (Guerdjikova in Med Clin 103:669-680, 2019). Many studies on interventions and BED treatments have been carried out in the United States and Europe, few have been reported in Latin American populations. People with this disorder not only have physical consequences of it but also social and psychological ones, therefore a multidisciplinary treatment approach is a good option to treat this condition. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of a multidisciplinary online intervention (i.e., psychological, nutritional, and physical activity) in patients with BED. METHOD: The design was a case series study of two clinical treatment groups, with pre-test and post-test psychometric measures along with two follow-ups (at 2 and 6 months). Fifteen people diagnosed with BED (2 men and 13 women), with a mean age of 34.93 years (SD=11.91) and a mean initial BMI of 42, participated in this study. The treatment was carried out over the span of 28 sessions, each one being two hours per week consisting of 1 hour of group therapy and 1 hour of individual therapy. There were four evaluations: pre, post and two follow-ups. RESULTS: Five patients did not complete the treatment (30%). The comparisons were made through the non-parametric Friedman test, finding a statistically significant decrease in binge eating symptoms (x2=15.57; p=.001), anxiety symptoms (x2=15.96; p=.001) and depression (x2=15.03; p=.002). There was an improvement in clarity (x2=11.60; p=.010) and emotional regulation (x2=7.75; p=.050), only in women. The patients reduced their body weight, and improved their eating and exercise habits by introducing fruits and vegetables and including 20-30 minutes of physical activity into their daily routine. Regarding the Objective Clinical Change Index, in terms of the objective clinical change, a positive change was observed in all the variables addressed. CONCLUSIONS: The data presented allowed us to conclude that the online multidisciplinary intervention was effective in the treatment of BED. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.
RESUMEN
Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de una intervención multidisciplinar en línea (psicológica, médica y nutricional) en mujeres con trastornos por atracón (TpA). Método: participaron 5 mujeres diagnosticadas con TpA con una edad promedio de 43.2 años y un peso corporal inicial promedio de 90 kg. El tratamiento se realizó durante 24 sesiones, cada una de dos horas por semana; la primera hora era terapia grupal y la segunda individual. Se contó con cuatro momentos de evaluación: pre, post y dos seguimientos Resultados: Las comparaciones se realizaron a través de la prueba no paramétrica de Friedman, encontrando una disminución estadísticamente significativa de la sintomatología de atracón pre χ1= 30.30 al segundo seguimiento χ2=10.80 (x2=12.84; p=.005), sintomatología de ansiedad χ1= 28.80 χ2=12.40 (x2=10.83.96; p=.013) y depresión χ1= 19.80, χ2=4.0 (x2=10.18; p=.017). Se observó mejoría en la comprensión χ1= 21.00, χ2=30.20 (x2=9.63; p=.025) y regulación emocional χ1= 28.40 χ2=33.00, (x2=7.77; p=.050). Las pacientes redujeron su peso corporal, mejoraron hábitos alimentarios introduciendo fruta y verdura diariamente e incluyeron la actividad física en su rutina diaria, realizando de 20 a 30 minutos diarios. A partir del cambio clínico objetivo se observó un cambio positivo en las variables abordadas en tratamiento en todas las participantes. Conclusiones: Se puede observar que la intervención multidisciplinaria en línea fue efectiva en el tratamiento de TpA en mujeres.
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary online intervention (psychological, medical, and nutritional) in women with binge eating disorder (BED). Method: 5 women diagnosed with BED with a mean age of 43.2 years and a mean initial body weight of 90 kg participated. The treatment was carried out during 24 sessions, each of two hours per week; the first hour was group therapy and the second individual. There were four moments of evaluation: pre, post and two follow-ups. Results: The comparisons were made through the non-parametric Friedman test, finding a statistically significant decrease in binge eating symptoms before χ1= 30.30 at the second follow-up χ2 =10.80 (x2=12.84; p=.005), symptoms of anxiety χ1= 28.80, χ2=12.40 (x2=10.83.96; p=.013) and depression χ1= 19.80, χ2=4.0 (x2= 10.18, p=.017). Improvement was observed in comprehension χ1= 21.00, χ2=30.20 (x2=9.63; p=.025) and emotional regulation χ1= 28.40 χ2=33.00, (x2=7.77; p=.050). The patients reduced their body weight, improved their eating habits by introducing fruit and vegetables daily and included physical activity in their daily routine, performing 20 to 30 minutes a day. From the objective clinical change, a positive change was observed in the variables addressed in treatment in all the participants. Conclusions: The online multidisciplinary intervention was effective in the treatment of BED in women.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Grupo de Atención al Paciente , Trastorno por Atracón/terapia , Intervención basada en la Internet , Ansiedad , Peso Corporal , Ejercicio Físico , Estudios de Seguimiento , Resultado del Tratamiento , Depresión , Inteligencia Emocional , Trastorno por Atracón/diagnóstico , Trastorno por Atracón/psicologíaRESUMEN
Resumen El objetivo del presente artículo fue analizar la utilización del Cuestionario de Influencias Socioculturales sobre el Modelo Estético Corporal (CIMEC) y Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnare (SATAQ) en la literatura hispanoamericana. Se presentan los antecedentes y validaciones de cada uno de los instrumentos, así como ejemplos de su utilización en países de habla hispana. En el CIMEC se presentan sus dos versiones largas de 40 ítems y las cortas 17 ítems para varones y 26 para mujeres. Para el SATAQ se localizaron 5 versiones, la primera de 11 ítems y la última versión del SATAQ-4R-, la cual, es la única que tiene la diferenciación entre hombres y mujeres, y cuenta con 31 y 28 ítems respectivamente. Para analizar las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos se han empleado el análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Se concluye que el CIMEC es el más utilizado en Hispanoamérica y que se ha trabajado en reducir el número de preguntas, ya que desde su creación ha incluido la influencia de la publicidad, los pares y la familia, así como interiorización la musculatura/ delgadez, mientras que el SATAQ, ha ido aumentado sus ítems, considerando aspectos como las presiones de los pares, familia, y estereotipos de musculatura/delgadez, quedando actualmente los dos instrumentos con contenidos muy semejantes.
Abstract The aim of this article was to analyze the use of the Questionnaire of Sociocultural Influences on the Aesthetic Body Shape Model (CIMEC) and The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ) in Hispanic literature. The background and validations of each questionnaires are presented, as well as examples of their use in spanish-speaking countries. The CIMEC has two long versions of 40-items, the short version of 17-items for men and the one of 26-items for women. Regard the SATAQ, five versions were found, the first of 11-items, and the last version of the SATAQ-4R, which is the only version that has a differentiation between men and women and has 31 and 28 items respectively. To analyze the psychometric properties of the instruments, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used. It is concluded that the CIMEC is the most used instrument in Latin America and it has been worked to reduce the number of items, since its creation it has included the influence of advertising, peers and family, as well as, internalizing the musculature/ thinness; while the SATAQ, has increased its items, considering aspects such as peer pressures, family, and muscle/ thinness stereotypes, currently the two questionnaires have very similar contents.