RESUMEN
OBJECT: Analysis of the safety and morbidity of neuroendoscopic biopsies (NEBs), as well as the reliability in obtaining an accurate diagnosis, has until now been based on studies with relatively small sample sizes. Through the cooperative efforts of several international medical centers, authors of the present study collected data on a large number of patients to obtain better insight into this issue. When possible, they compared pathology obtained through an NEB with the "gold-standard" pathology obtained in open surgery. METHODS: Thirteen randomly chosen medical centers in 9 countries collected data for patients who had undergone NEB, which were then analyzed for universal complications, bleeding, navigation technique, pathology, mismatch between biopsy results and final diagnosis, and a number of other potentially influential factors. RESULTS: Data for 293 patients were analyzed. Sixty percent of the patients were male, and patient ages ranged from 0.1 to 78.7 years (median age 20.4 years). The most common tumor locations were pineal (33.1%), thalamic (16.7%), tectal (13%), and hypothalamic (4.4%). Fifty percent of the tumors were larger than 20 mm, 36% were between 10 and 20 mm, and 14% were smaller than 10 mm. Intraoperative bleeding was seen in 275 patients (94%). The amount of blood was noted as mild in 75%, moderate in 13%, and severe in 6%. Infection occurred in 8 patients (3%). Death occurred in 1 patient (0.3%), which was caused by severe intraoperative bleeding. Biopsies were informative in 265 patients (90.4%). Seventy-eight patients (26.6%) had open surgery following the NEB. For these patients, the pathology results from the NEB were compared with those from the open surgery that followed. In 14 cases (17.9%) there was disagreement on the pathology. Of these cases, a meaningful mismatch, in which the erroneous NEB pathology could have led to an inappropriate management decision, occurred in 9 cases (11.5%). Most of these meaningful mismatches were lesions diagnosed as low-grade or pilocytic astrocytoma on the NEB and later proved to be high-grade astrocytoma (4 cases) and 1 case each of meningioma, cavernoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, neurocysticercosis, and pineocytoma. CONCLUSIONS: In experienced hands, NEBs can be performed with low morbidity and mortality, providing meaningful pathological data for the majority of patients with a wide range of tumor types, locations, and presentations. These biopsies also offer other advantages, such as the ability to perform concomitant endoscopic third ventriculostomy and septum pellucidotomy. However, due caution must be maintained, since pathology obtained from an NEB, as with stereotactic biopsies, may be subject to sampling errors, especially when the results seem to indicate a low-grade glial tumor.
Asunto(s)
Biopsia/métodos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Neuroendoscopía , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Biopsia/efectos adversos , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Cooperación Internacional , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neuroendoscopía/efectos adversos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tercer Ventrículo , VentriculostomíaRESUMEN
Objetivo: A rizotomia dorsal seletiva (RDS) é uma técnica clássica para tratamento da espasticidade em crianças com paralisia cerebral. Em nosso Serviço, é utilizada, além do objetivo funcional (deambulação), para melhoria da qualidade de vida da criança e do cuidador. O propósito do estudo foi avaliar a eficácia e o impacto do procedimento nesses indivíduos. Materiais e métodos: Um questionário sobre a qualidade de vida das crianças e cuidadores foi elaborado e enviado a 16 cuidadores de crianças submetidas à RDS, sendo posteriormente recuperados e analisados. Resultados: A maioria dos cuidadores julgou que houve melhora nos diversos quesitos relacionados à rotina diária, à facilitação para realização de cuidados e no posicionamento e transporte de criança. A maioria percebeu melhora no bem-estar e no estado de saúde. Dos cuidaores, 94 por cento se declararam satisfeitos com o procedimento. Conclusão: A RDS parece melhorar a qualidade de vida de crianças gravemente comprometidas pela espasticidade na PC, bem como a de seus cuidadores...