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Our study aims to validate safety and efficacy of Feroglobin capsule compared with different iron supplementations in adult subjects diagnosed with non-anemic to mild anemic iron deficiency and fatigue. Enrolled 302 participants diagnosed with non-anemic to mild anemic iron deficiency and fatigue. Group A (n = 147) received Feroglobin, Group B (n = 146) received standard of care [Haem Up Gems capsules (Ferrous fumarate) or Fericip tablets (Ferrous ascorbate)]. 293 subjects completed the study with follow-up visits on days 30, 60, and 90. Feroglobin treatment significantly increased hemoglobin levels from mean 12.43 g/dl to 13.24 g/dl in 90 days. Ferritin levels improved significantly by 442.87% compared to the standard care's 256.67%. Fatigue scale scores reduced by 47.51%, and all presenting health complaints resolved completely. Gastrointestinal symptoms observed were similar in both the groups. Both groups exhibited moderate treatment adherence. Quality of life improved in pain and general health domains, exhibiting a good tolerability. Adverse events were unrelated to the investigational products. Feroglobin serves as an efficacious therapeutic alternative for improving hemoglobin, ferritin, and reducing fatigue with low doses compared to standard of care. However, longer-term effects of low-dose require further investigations in different target groups.

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Apart from all the gloominess, the COVID-19 Pandemic has a silver lining of bringing a renaissance as Ayurveda and integrated medicine are becoming a choice for acute as well as infective diseases. Here we report outcomes of a preliminary work, the randomized controlled trial (CTRI/2021/02/031256) of Madhav Rasayan Plus, an Ayurveda formulation as adjuvant in moderate COVID-19 patients. Madhav Rasayan Plus is a herbomineral formulation beneficial for respiratory, coagulative and other systemic complements of COVID-19. Forty patients with moderate COVID-19 disease were included in two parallel groups (n = 20/group). The Intervention group (Treatment) received Madhav Rasayan Plus tablets (250 mg) twice a day for 15 days, along with standard care (SOC), while the control group received SOC alone. The intervention group significantly improved symptoms of COVID-19 like cough, breathlessness, fatigue and gastric disturbances. There was also statistically significant reduction in inflammatory markers like CRP and Ferritin. Tissue level markers like creatinine phosphokinase and NT- Pro BNP were found restored after treatment. The requirement of supplemental oxygen in the control group (6 days) was reduced by 2.5 times compared to the intervention group (2.4 days). There was also reduced hospital stay and reduced requirement of ICU in comparison with the control group. Also, the indices of fatigue severity score, disturbed sleep cycle score and quality of life revealed better and holistic recovery in the intervention group. This study reveals that COVID-19 and such infective diseases with vital complications can be better dealt with integrated management as immunomodulation and protection of tissues and vital organs are strengths of Ayurveda.

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A study undertaken in hard core pockets having C.P.R. >50% of urban slums to sensitize target couples for encouraging spacing methods and sterilizations showed 55.4% coverage of 1820 unprotected eligible couples. This coverage is attributed to involvement of Aganwadi workers, Mahila Mandals and home visits. The motivational strategies such as sensitization of Mahila Mondals, provision of MCH services and inter personal communications were found to be effective. The reasons for non-acceptance, such as desire to have male and female child in 17.8%, post insertion bleeding due to Cu-T in 13.9% and refusal by male partners in 13.36% were noted in eligible couples. These reasons could be removed by continued inter personal communications. Illiteracy rate of 76.30% in living children of sterilized women indicates need of implementing literacy programme.

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The modulatory effect of vitamin C (Vit C) on the mutagenic effect of the antineoplastic drug cyclophosphamide (CP) was assessed in the in vivo micronucleus test in Swiss mice. Simultaneous oral administration of Vit C with i.p. administration of CP was found to decrease the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes elevated by CP. Vit C exhibited a significant antimutagenic effect over a wide dose range (1.56-200 mg/kg). The dose-response relationship was highly significant. These results demonstrated the ability of the in vivo micronucleus test to detect in vivo modulation of CP mutagenicity by Vit C. Our earlier results and those from other laboratories also indicate that this model system is suitable for primary in vivo screening of modulation of mutagenesis.

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Colchicine (COL) elevates the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PE), the ratio of normochromatic to polychromatic erythrocytes (N/PE) and the frequency of large PE due to spindle disruption. Simultaneous i.p. injection of L-cysteine (CYS) does not influence the effects of COL while if administered 1 h prior to COL, CYS suppresses the N/PE ratio and frequency of large PE but not the frequency of micronucleated PE elevated by COL. Preincubation of CYS with COL at 37 degrees C for 1 h results in a significant decrease in all the COL effects. The modulatory effect of exogenous CYS appears to be due to its competition with the endogenous tubulin cysteine residues for interacting with COL.

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The purpose of the work reported in this paper was to understand how a few cancerous cells (either from the primary growth, or as result of breaking away from a tumor and lodging in a different part of the body--metastasis) can grow to form a sizable mass and what decides whether such growth will indeed take place. The intermediate region, lying between the molecular (or micro) level to the fully developed (or macro) level, is not readily accessible to experimental observations. A mathematical model with a firm physiological basis has been proposed to develop a unified field theory that bridges the two regimes. The techniques of non-linear global analysis have been used. The global behavior, (which determines the long-term prognosis), is found to be significantly influenced by the presence or absence of two critical bifurcations. Both of these have practical consequences regarding the inception and the cure of the disease. Several conclusions have been drawn which lead to practical suggestions for experimentation. It is predicted that reducing the food intake immediately after an exposure to carcinogens, would lead to a reduced chance of cancer. A preliminary case has been made to lend support to the idea that an absence of snacking (and even periodic fasting) might work as a preventive measure against cancer.

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We have previously shown that the common antiamebic drug diiodohydroxyquinoline (DIHQ) exhibits mutagenic activity in the in vivo micronucleus test in Swiss albino mice. Results of experiments undertaken to study the influence of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) on the mutagenicity of DIHQ in this model system showed that ascorbic acid acts as an antimutagen against DIHQ. The effective antimutagenic doses of ascorbic acid themselves do not show any genotoxic effects in this in vivo system. It will be necessary, however, to elucidate the mechanism of action of ascorbic acid as well as its effects on the therapeutic properties of DIHQ before a practical use of ascorbic acid is contemplated for this purpose.

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Five ergot alkaloids, d-lysergic acid derivatives, were tested for the induction of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. The concentrations of the test substances ranged between 10(-5) and 10(-8) M. Ergotamine, ergonovine, and methylergonovine induced a significantly high number of SCEs at all the concentrations used, while with ergocristine this occurred only at the highest concentration. alpha-Ergocryptine failed to induce SCEs at any concentration. It is therefore surmised that ergotamine, ergonovine, and methylergonovine are effective inducers, ergocristine is a weak inducer, and alpha-ergocryptine is a noninducer in Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro.

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The mutagenic potential of diiodohydroxyquinoline (DIHQ), a common anti-amebic drug, was tested using the in vivo micronucleus test in Swiss mice following oral administration. It was found to be mutagenic in a dose-dependent manner. Using the same model system, the bio-antimutagenic effect of the sulfhydryl compound L-cysteine against DIHQ was established.

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A new bilinear control model using Volterra-like equations is developed to analyze the growth of normal and malignant cells. The model is validated using experimental data on untreated sarcoma in mice. The model equations are modified to account for injection of a chemotherapeutic drug. Two drug scheduling methods are simulated to investigate the effect of the chemotherapeutic agent. The simulation results are in general agreement with clinical observations.

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A number of mathematical models for tumor growth have been proposed in the past to increase the understanding of the tumor growth process. This study evaluates the exponential, the Gompertz, the Bertalanffy and the logistic models. The data used for the evaluation of the models consists of: the untreated primary carcinoma of the human lung, and induced sarcoma in mice. The non-linear regression method was used for the analysis of the data. The logistic equation gave the best fit in the cases of all seven patients. However, the Bertalanffy equation was the best in seven out of 10 cases of mice. The models were also judged by comparing the percentage error in predicting the volume of a tumor.

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Premature chromosome condensation (PCC) was induced in human leukocytes in vitro by a bifunctional alkylating agent 2,5-bis-(methoxyethoxy)-3,6-bis-ethylene-imino-p-benzoquinone (A 139), bleomycin and X-rays. Analysis shows that PCC originates from micronuclei that have been slowed down in their cell cycles in respect to the main nuclei. The mitosing chromatin of the main nuclei induced PCC in the associated micronuclei. Morphologically the PCC was mostly of the S-phase type with the chromatin exhibiting a more or less pulverized appearance; in some experiments this was verified by incorporation of (3H) thymidine (TdR). In a few cases the PCC looked like G2-phase PCC with ladder-like chromosomes. GI-phase PCC was not found. PCC of the type described in this work may be used as an indicator of induced lagging of chromatin that can be the result of chromosomal aberrations or of nondisjunction.

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Developmental stages ofDrosophila melanogaster cultured at 22 ± 1° C were collected and tested for catheptic activity and acid phosphatase activity.It was found that catheptic activity was absent in the egg as well as in the first and second larval instars. The activity first appears in the third instar larva and reaches its peak 24 to 48 hr after puparium formation. It then decreases, at first gradually and at pupal stage 9 (120 to 144 hr after puparium formation) abruptly, reaching zero level just before the emergence of the imago.The pattern of acid phosphatase activity in different developmental stages was found to be broadly similar to that of catheptic activity in the larval and pupal stages. However, the acid phosphatase activity was found to be exceptionally high in the egg in contrast to the catheptic activity.

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