RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Introduction: Extracorporeal perfusion flow type requires further investigation. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of pulsatile and nonpulsatile flow on oxygenator fibers that were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and to extensively study patients' coagulation profiles, inflammatory markers, and functional blood tests. Methods: Twelve patients who had open heart surgery were randomly divided into two groups; the nonpulsatile flow (group NP, six patients) and pulsatile flow (group P, six patients) groups. Both superficial view and axial sections of the oxygenator fiber samples were examined under SEM to compare the thickness of absorbed blood proteins and amount of blood cells on the surface of oxygenators. Platelet count, coagulation profile, and inflammatory predictors were also studied from the blood samples. Results: Fibrinogen levels after cardiopulmonary bypass were significantly lower in group NP (group P, 2.57±2.78 g/L; group NP; 2.39±0.70 g/L, P=0.03). Inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, apelin, S100β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were comparable in both groups. Axial sections of the oxygenator fiber samples had a mean thickness of 45.2 µm and 46.5 µm in groups P and NP, respectively, and this difference is statistically significant (P=0.006). Superficial view of the fiber samples showed obviously lower platelet, leukocyte, and erythrocyte levels in group P. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that both cellular elements and protein adsorption on oxygenator fibers are lower in the group P than in the group NP. Pulsatile perfusion has better biocompatibility on extracorporeal circulation when analyzed by SEM technique.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Extracorporeal perfusion flow type requires further investigation. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of pulsatile and nonpulsatile flow on oxygenator fibers that were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and to extensively study patients' coagulation profiles, inflammatory markers, and functional blood tests. METHODS: Twelve patients who had open heart surgery were randomly divided into two groups; the nonpulsatile flow (group NP, six patients) and pulsatile flow (group P, six patients) groups. Both superficial view and axial sections of the oxygenator fiber samples were examined under SEM to compare the thickness of absorbed blood proteins and amount of blood cells on the surface of oxygenators. Platelet count, coagulation profile, and inflammatory predictors were also studied from the blood samples. RESULTS: Fibrinogen levels after cardiopulmonary bypass were significantly lower in group NP (group P, 2.57±2.78 g/L; group NP; 2.39±0.70 g/L, P=0.03). Inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, apelin, S100ß, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were comparable in both groups. Axial sections of the oxygenator fiber samples had a mean thickness of 45.2 µm and 46.5 µm in groups P and NP, respectively, and this difference is statistically significant (P=0.006). Superficial view of the fiber samples showed obviously lower platelet, leukocyte, and erythrocyte levels in group P. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that both cellular elements and protein adsorption on oxygenator fibers are lower in the group P than in the group NP. Pulsatile perfusion has better biocompatibility on extracorporeal circulation when analyzed by SEM technique.
Asunto(s)
Electrones , Oxigenadores de Membrana , Humanos , Flujo Pulsátil , Circulación Extracorporea , Puente Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Interleucina-6RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Vascular injuries to the upper extremities requiring surgical repair are common after accidents. However, neither postoperative functionality nor hemodynamic status of the extremity are routinely described. We evaluated the postoperative functional and hemodynamic status of patients with vascular traumas in the upper extremities. METHODS: 26 patients who suffered penetrating vascular traumas in the upper extremities from November 2008 to December 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. Data on first approach, surgical technique employed and early postoperative outcomes were recorded. Further data on the post-discharge period, including clinical functional status of the arm, Doppler ultrasonography and brachial-brachial index were also evaluated. RESULTS: Average follow up was 33.5±10.8 months. Right (1.05±0.09) and left (1.04±0.08) brachial indexes were measured during follow up,. Doppler ultrasonography showed arterial occlusion in 4 patients (15%). Near-normal brachial-brachial indexes was observed in all four of these patients with occlusion of one of the upper extremity arteries, even though they exhibited limited arm function for daily work. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of the postoperative outcomes of this small series of patients with penetrating vascular traumas in the upper extremity revealed that 15% of them suffered occlusion of one artery of the upper extremity. Artery occlusion did not correlate with brachial-brachial Doppler index, probably due to rich collateral circulation, but occlusion was associated with an extremity that was dysfunctional for the purposes of daily work. The result of the brachial-brachial index does not therefore correlate with functionality...
OBJETIVOS: Os vasos das extremidades superiores são frequentemente lesados em razão de acidentes. Nós pesquisamos a funcionalidade dos membros superiores com base nos resultados cirúrgicos, além do acompanhamento de lesões de outros órgãos e tecidos. MÉTODOS: Entre novembro de 2008 e dezembro de 2011, 26 pacientes foram encaminhados ao nosso serviço de emergência em razão de lesões vasculares traumáticas da extremidade superior, sendo avaliados retrospectivamente. O atendimento inicial aos pacientes, assim como os diagnósticos e as variedades de tratamento, foram avaliados. Após a alta hospitalar, os pacientes foram acompanhados pelo eco-Doppler e pelo índice tornozelo-braço. RESULTADOS: O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 33,5±10,8 meses. Durante o seguimento, os índices braquiais direito (1,05±0,09) e esquerdo (1,04±0,08) foram medidos. Na ultrassonografia Doppler, foi observada obstrução arterial em quatro pacientes. Devido à circulação colateral, o índice tornozelo-braço foi próximo do normal nesses pacientes; entretanto, eles apresentavam limitações funcionais dos membros superiores acometidos, para o trabalho diário. CONCLUSÕES: Traumas penetrantes são frequentemente observados em adultos jovens. Esses pacientes devem ser rapidamente tratados para que retornem ao seu trabalho. O planejamento do tratamento deve ser multidisciplinar, para abranger também as lesões de outros órgãos e tecidos. Nosso estudo mostrou que não há correlação entre o índice tornozelo-braço e a funcionalidade da extremidade superior, após cirurgia para o trauma vascular...