RESUMEN
The degree of structural and functional heart changes was evaluated by means of Doppler echocardiography in 120 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of different degrees of severity. Conventional immunological laboratory techniques were used in all the patients to evaluate the condition of cell-mediated, humoral, and cytokine-mediated immunity; inflammatory process activity and the degree of endotoxicosis were evaluated by measuring blood levels of acute phase proteins and medium mass molecules. The study showed that the character of heart remodeling depended on COPD severity. Only severe COPD was associated with a significant right atrial enlargement, as well as structural and functional changes in the left heart. The results demonstrated a distinct correlation between the variables of structural and functional condition of the heart and immunity parameters in COPD patients. The variables of right and left ventricular function moderately correlated with inflammatory and endotoxicosis indices. Decompensation of patients with severe COPD and cor pulmonale is accompanied by a pronounced immunodeficiency. An increase in blood levels of cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha in particular, may serve as a marker of early stages of chronic heart failure, while an increase in blood levels of interleukin-6 may be a marker of its severity.
Asunto(s)
Citocinas/sangre , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Inmunidad Innata/fisiología , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/inmunología , Remodelación Ventricular , Ecocardiografía Doppler , Femenino , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/sangre , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/fisiopatología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Función Ventricular/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Immunochemical tests of blood sera from 160 healthy residents of the town of Astrakhan were performed to determine standard quantities of ferritin and lactoferrin in the serum. Examinations of the saliva from 280 healthy subjects provided the frequency of occurrence and levels of excretory lactoferrin. These iron-containing proteins were also assessed in different biosubstrates (blood serum, sputum, saliva, pleural fluid, lung tissues) from 550 patients with benign and malignant lesions of the lungs and pleura. Tests for ferritin and lactoferrin proved useful in evaluation of bronchopulmonary inflammation activity, early detection of pulmonary and intrapleural supputation, differential diagnosis of chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases and lung cancer. The excretory salivary lactoferrin provided sufficient information on the condition of adaptive mechanisms of local defense of the lungs in premorbid state in 420 workers of the gas-processing plant exposed to aggressive occupational pollutants.
Asunto(s)
Ferritinas/metabolismo , Lactoferrina/metabolismo , Enfermedades Pulmonares/metabolismo , Enfermedades Pleurales/metabolismo , Adulto , Biomarcadores , Enfermedad Crónica , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoquímica , Enfermedades Pulmonares/etiología , Masculino , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/metabolismo , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Pleurales/etiología , Saliva/metabolismoAsunto(s)
Biomarcadores/análisis , Inflamación/diagnóstico , Derrame Pleural/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Exudados y Transudados/metabolismo , Humanos , Inflamación/metabolismo , Derrame Pleural/metabolismo , Derrame Pleural Maligno/diagnóstico , Derrame Pleural Maligno/metabolismoRESUMEN
The examination of 150 patients with pleural exudate of different origin (43 cases of malignant and 107 cases of benign genesis) was made to elucidate diagnostic value of immunochemical serum and pleural fluid estimation of four tumor-associated proteins: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG), placental alkaline phosphatase (PAP), ferritin; three acute-phase proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP), lactoferrin, fibrin degradation products (FDP); expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) in e date cells using monoclonal antibodies ICO-25. Determination CEA, beta 2-MG in the serum and pleural fluid, antituberculous an bodies in biological fluids proved diagnostically valuable for verification of pleural exudate characteristics. The discriminant analysis provided formulas for this differential diagnosis. The method identification in pleural fluid of cells expressing EMA with the use of monoclonal antibodies ICO-25 was found to be 2 times more efficient in detection of cancer cells than the standard light microscopy.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Fase Aguda/análisis , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análisis , Derrame Pleural Maligno/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Hidrotórax/diagnóstico , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Derrame Pleural Maligno/química , Pleuresia/diagnóstico , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Tuberculosis Pleural/diagnósticoRESUMEN
High diagnostic value of EIA detection of antituberculous antibodies in recognition of tuberculous pleurisy was established after examination of 58 patients with pleural exudate of different origin (tuberculous, tumor, nonspecific). Tuberculous pleurisy was diagnosed using sonicate M. tuberculosis as the antigen. It is important to determine antituberculous antibodies simultaneously in blood serum and exudate because in such a way it becomes possible to raise the test specificity to 100% in high sensitivity (94.7%).