RESUMEN
One hundred and nine consecutive patients undergoing surgery for uterovaginal prolapse followed by indwelling urinary catheter for 3 days were randomized for prophylactic treatment with methenamine hippurate (MH) or no MH prophylaxis. Significantly less bacteriuria occurred in the MH-treated patient group. In particular, the opportunistic hospital flora appeared to be suppressed by MH treatment. It is suggested that MH prophylaxis, 1 g three times daily, be used in gynecological surgery followed by short-term urinary catheterization.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos Urinarios/uso terapéutico , Hipuratos/uso terapéutico , Metenamina/análogos & derivados , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Infecciones Urinarias/prevención & control , Vagina/cirugía , Anciano , Catéteres de Permanencia , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Femenino , Humanos , Metenamina/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Distribución Aleatoria , Prolapso Uterino/cirugíaAsunto(s)
Infertilidad Femenina/fisiopatología , Adulto , Bromocriptina/uso terapéutico , Cortisona/uso terapéutico , Endometrio/enzimología , Estrógenos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales/metabolismo , Humanos , Menstruación , Ovulación , Oxidorreductasas/metabolismo , Embarazo , Progesterona/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The analgesic effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TNS) during delivery has been evaluated. The usual technique of TNS was modified to suit the specific needs of pain control during the whole course of delivery. Two pairs of electrodes were taped to the patient's back, one pair level with the spinal processes Th 10-L1 and the other with S2-S4, corresponding to the influx of pain during the first and second stages respectively. Stimulation was delivered as biphasic pulses at 60-80 Hz. A low-intensity stimulation was given continuously, and a high-intensity stimulation was initiated by the patient herself whenever pain increased. As a rule, stimulation via the thoracic electrodes was given throughout delivery and sacral stimulation added from the later part of the first stage. No complications with respect to mother or child have occured. Three hundred and forty-seven women have been treated, 47% of them considered the analgesia with TNS to be good or very good, 42% experienced a certain effect whil 11% considered that TNS made no difference. In view of the relatively good results and the absence of complications, the authors recommend the method as a primary pain relieving measure to which conventional methods can be added if necessary.
Asunto(s)
Analgesia/métodos , Trabajo de Parto , Fenómenos Fisiológicos del Sistema Nervioso , Vías Aferentes/fisiología , Vías Eferentes/fisiología , Estimulación Eléctrica/métodos , Electrodos , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , EmbarazoRESUMEN
An analysis has been carried out on the basis of endocrinological and psychosomatic studies of the influence of steroid hormones, acting via probable transmitter substances, on the sexual response in women. From a review in the literature it can be concluded that among other factors the endocrine state of the women determines her sexual response and behaviour. However, the present lack of specific psychological tests is pointed out, as well as the absence of relevant hormonal data to the sexual sphere, both normal and pathological.
PIP: Based on current literature on the subject, an analysis is made of the endocrinological and psychosomatic aspects of the influence of steroid hormones, which probably act through the action of transmitter substances, upon the sexual responsiveness of women. Endocrinological studies center on the role of androgens, estrogens, and progesterones, and the possible transmitter substances. The physiological basis of abnormal changes in the sexual responsiveness, such as frigidity, is the prime concern of such studies. Among other factors, it is concluded that the state of the endocrinal system does determine a woman's sexual responsiveness and behavior. The present lack of psychological tests is noted as relevant, however, as well as the absence of hormonal data relevant to the sexual sphere, both for normal and pathological states.
Asunto(s)
Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales/farmacología , Libido/efectos de los fármacos , Envejecimiento , Andrógenos/farmacología , Estrógenos/farmacología , Femenino , Humanos , Neurotransmisores , Progesterona/farmacología , Pubertad , Disfunciones Sexuales PsicológicasRESUMEN
Eighty consecutive cases of sterility was screened for suspected insufficiency of luteal function. The parameters used in the assessment were one value each for pregnandiol and oestrogen excretion, the basal temperature, the histological picture of secretory endometrium, as well as the activity of endometrial malate dehydrogenase and carbonanhydrase, or malate dehydrogenase and succinic dehydrogenase. Histological irregularities, a short luteal phase as indicated by the basal temperature, early abortion and a pregnandiol excretion of less than 1.9 mg were usually accompanied by low endometrial enzymatic acitvity. A comparison of pregnandiol excretion levels with the other four investigated parameters indicated that the number of negative findings increased with decreasing pregnandiol values. In this way, low oestrogen excretion values occurred more frequently with low pregnandiol values. However, when taken in conjunction with other findings, a low oestrogen value does not seem to be characteristic of luteal insufficiency. In certain cases the suspicion of luteal insufficiency increases with decreasing pregnandiol values and with the number of negative findings concerning basal temperature, endometrial histology and enzymatic activity, as well as oestrogen excretion. According to this point of view the incidence of a presumptive luteal phase defect was 33% in the present investigation.