RESUMEN
The development of the benign intracranial hypertensive syndrome was shown to be followed by changes in liquorodynamic parameters and elastic properties of the brain. In 99% of patients, the baseline liquor pressure was elevated by 1.5-2.5 times as compared to normal values. Resistance of liquor resorption was enhanced in 82% of cases, suggesting impaired normal liquor outflow. The increased brain elasticity gradient suggests the exhaustion of cerebrospinal compensatory potentialities and correlates with the increased liquor resorption resistance. A correlation analysis of liquorodynamic parameters by taking into account clinical signs yielded a pathogenetic scheme of the development of the benign intracranial hypertensive syndrome.
Asunto(s)
Presión del Líquido Cefalorraquídeo , Seudotumor Cerebral/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Elasticidad , Femenino , Fondo de Ojo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Seudotumor Cerebral/diagnóstico , Seudotumor Cerebral/etiología , Seudotumor Cerebral/fisiopatología , Agudeza VisualRESUMEN
Analysis is made of the data obtained in the use of a complex of diagnostic ++roentgeno-radiological methods in 26 patients with rhinosinusogenous abscesses of the brain. There are convincing examples that the complex (cerebral angiography, gamma-topography of the brain, computer-aided tomography, NMR tomography) enables the identification of the reliable and informative sings of the localization, size, spreading, multiplicity and multicompartmental nature of brain abscesses.
Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/diagnóstico , Sinusitis/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Absceso Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagen , Absceso Encefálico/etiología , Niño , Reacciones Falso Negativas , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cintigrafía , Pertecnetato de Sodio Tc 99m , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
The potentialities of a new method--magnetic resonance tomography (MRT)--as applied to the diagnosis of paranasal sinusitis are discussed. The method permits detection of inflammation in the paranasal sinuses identified as a significant enhancement of a signal in the projection of the affected sinus. This paper presents two cases: patients with rhinosinusogenic cerebral arachnoiditis and arachnoencephalitis in whom paranasal pathologies which had no clinical manifestations were diagnosed by MRT. This helped to choose adequate therapy. In contrast to X-ray methods, MRT causes no unnecessary irradiation which allows repeated examinations.
Asunto(s)
Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Sinusitis/diagnóstico , Adulto , Aracnoiditis/etiología , Encefalitis/etiología , Femenino , Sinusitis Frontal/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Sinusitis Maxilar/diagnóstico , Radiografía , Sinusitis/complicaciones , Sinusitis/diagnóstico por imagen , Sinusitis del Esfenoides/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Computed tomography (CT) of the brain was employed in 40 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Clinical cerebral pathology was obvious in 30 and absent in 10 patients. By CT cerebral symptoms were divided of 4 groups. Clinical symptom complexes of CNS defects and SLE were reflected on definite CT images, e. g. digital capillaritis, marked livedo. Raynaud's syndrome, disseminated erythematous skin lesions correlated with CT-shown focal damage to the brain. CT picture of enlarged subarachnoid space, ventricles and basal cisterns can be observed in SLE patients without neurological symptoms. This indicated likely subclinical cerebral affection.
Asunto(s)
Encefalopatías/etiología , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/etiología , Quistes/etiología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/complicaciones , Adulto , Encefalopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Ventriculografía Cerebral , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/diagnóstico por imagen , Quistes/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
The work analyses the results of complex examination (by an otoneurologist and neuroroentgenologist) of 34 patients with neurinoma of the 8th cranial nerve measuring from 13 to 25 mm. It is difficult to establish the diagnosis of neurinoma of the 8th nerve in the early stage; its recognition is based on the combination of otoneurological findings and the results of computed tomography, particularly computed cisternography with Amipaque. Despite the small size of the tumor, all patients had local symptomatology in the form of unilateral neurosensory deficiency or deficiency of hearing, vestibular excitability, and taste (on the anterior two thirds of the tongue). Three variants of tumor localization were distinguished by computed tomography: inside the canal, lateral, and medial. Computed cisternography with Amipaque yielded additional information on the size of the tumors and showed more exactly their relation to the brain stem. The results of computed tomography and cisternography corresponded completely to the otoneurological data which reflected the degree of the tumors' effect on the brain stem structures adequately and subtly.
Asunto(s)
Neuroma Acústico/diagnóstico , Audiometría , Cisterna Magna/diagnóstico por imagen , Diatrizoato de Meglumina , Electronistagmografía , Humanos , Metrizamida , Neuroma Acústico/complicaciones , Cráneo/diagnóstico por imagen , Trastornos del Gusto/diagnóstico , Trastornos del Gusto/etiología , Factores de Tiempo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
X-ray and other methods were used to examine 21 patients with brain abscesses of rhinosinusogenic origin. The diagnostic methods including computer tomography, brain gamma-topography and cerebral angiography yielded objective information about the localization, size, distribution and multiplicity of brain abscesses. They were displayed as doughnuts or rings on computer tomograms and as pies on gamma-topograms. The noninvasive methods such as computer tomography or gamma-topography proved very helpful for assessing the efficacy of surgical intervention at an early postoperative stage.
Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/diagnóstico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Sinusitis/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Encéfalo/irrigación sanguínea , Absceso Encefálico/etiología , Angiografía Cerebral , Senos Etmoidales , Seno Frontal , Humanos , Seno Maxilar , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cintigrafía , Pertecnetato de Sodio Tc 99m , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
The authors analyse 20 patients with brain abscesses of rhinosinusogenic etiology who were subjected to computed tomography (CT). CT allows exact localization of the abscess, appraisal of its size and depth, the thickness of the capsule, and the relation of the abscess to the cerebral ventricular system. CT is very important in establishing the diagnosis of multiple, multichamber, and hematogenic-metastatic brain abscesses. CT provides for visualization of edema of the brain and changes in the ventricular system and subarachnoid fissures in patients with abscesses and for objective and exact evaluation of the radical character of removal of the abscess and the dynamics of reactive changes in the surrounding tissue.
Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Adulto , Absceso Encefálico/terapia , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Computer-aided tomography (CT) was used in the examination of 259 patients with neurinoma of the acoustic nerve. Characteristic direct and indirect signs of the tumor and the degree of their manifestation depending on the size and predominant direction of the growth of the neurinoma were determined. In 46 patients the size of the tumour established by computer-aided tomography was compared with that revealed on operation. It was established that computer-aided tomography demonstrates exactly the true size of tumors whose compactness is greater than that of the brain matter. It is difficult to determine by CT the true size of tumors of low density and particularly those possessing isodensity; in some cases they are much larger than conceived from analysis of the computer-aided tomograms. Tumors less than 10 mm in diameter which cannot be recognized by ordinary CT can be diagnosed by CT and cisternography with amipak.
Asunto(s)
Neuroma Acústico/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Anciano , Edema Encefálico/etiología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Metrizamida , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neuroma Acústico/complicaciones , Espacio Subaracnoideo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
From the observation over 62 patients with meningioma of the brain a connection was detected between previous X-ray irradiation of the skin on the head and the occurrence of the meningioma. Predominance of parasagittal localization of the tumors was revealed which, evidently, was associated with the peculiarities of the method of X-ray therapy applied and with the possibility of the growth of the meningiomas from arachnoid-endothelial aggregations in the dura mater. Multiple meningiomas were encountered in 23% of the patients. The cases are described.