RESUMEN
This data article contains the data related to the research article 'Transient silencing of Npr3 gene expression improved the circulatory levels of atrial natriuretic peptides and attenuated ß-adrenoceptor activation-induced cardiac hypertrophic growth in experimental rats' (Venkatesan et al., 2016 [1]). The siRNA-Npr3 loaded chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized using ionotropic gelation method, where the positive charge of the chitosan interacts with the negative charge of STPP and siRNA-Npr3. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized siRNA-Npr3 loaded chitosan nanoparticles were studied by dynamic light scattering, FE-SEM and HR-TEM analysis. In addition, the loading efficiency and stability of the nanoparticles were also studied. Further, the gene silencing efficacy, hemocompatibility and biocompatibility were studied using Wistar rats (in vivo), isolated red blood cells and H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells, respectively.
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We sought to determine the effect of chronic activation of ß-adrenergic receptor (ß-AR) on the left ventricular (LV) expression profile of Npr1 and Npr2 (coding for NPR-A and NPR-B, respectively) genes, and the functional activity of these receptors in adult Wistar rat hearts. The Npr1 gene expression was markedly reduced (3.5-fold), while the Npr2 gene expression was up regulated (4-fold) in Isoproterenol (ISO)-treated heart as compared with controls. A gradual reduction in NPR-A protein (3-fold), cGMP levels (75%) and a steady increased expression of NPR-B protein (4-fold), were noticed in ISO hearts. Further, in-vitro membranes assay shows that NPR-A dependent guanylyl cyclase (GC) activity was down-regulated (2-fold), whereas NPR-B dependent GC activity was increased (5-fold) in ISO treated hearts. Atenolol treatment normalized the altered expression of Npr1 and Npr2 genes. In conclusion, the chronic ß-AR activation differentially regulates Npr1 and Npr2 genes in the heart. Npr1 down regulation is positively associated with the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in ISO rats.
Asunto(s)
Hipertrofia/genética , Receptores Adrenérgicos beta/genética , Receptores del Factor Natriurético Atrial/genética , Animales , Factor Natriurético Atrial/genética , GMP Cíclico/genética , Regulación hacia Abajo/genética , Guanilato Ciclasa/genética , Corazón/fisiología , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Transducción de Señal/genética , Regulación hacia Arriba/genéticaRESUMEN
Natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C) is considered as a clearance receptor that maintains the circulatory levels of natriuretic peptides. It has been suggested that augmented expression of NPR-C as a cause for the diminished anti-hypertrophic action of natriuretic peptides in the failing heart. Hence, we sought to determine the level of Npr3 gene (coding for NPR-C) expression in the Isoproterenol (ISO) treated Wistar rats. In addition, we studied the effect of Npr3 gene silencing on the hypertrophic growth. A significant increase in heart weight-to-body weight ratio (HW/BW-24%,P<0.01), an indicator of cardiac hypertrophic growth was observed in the ISO (10mg/kg BW/day,i.p for 7 days) treated rats. As expected, the cardiac NPR-C protein expression was significantly increased by 4 fold as compared to control rats. In parallel, the circulatory atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) level was significantly decreased (2 fold) in ISO treated rats. Upon treatment with siRNA-Npr3, a significant decrease in the cardiac NPR-C protein expression (70%,P<0.01), HW/BW ratio (70%,P<0.01) and hypertrophic marker genes (α-Sk, ß-MHC, c-fos, P<0.01, respectively) mRNA expression were observed. Interestingly, the circulatory ANP level was increased by 1.5 fold in the siRNA-Npr3 treated rats as compared to ISO treated rats. Moreover, the cardiac collagen content, matrixmetalloprotinases-2 (MMP-2) and enzymatic antioxidant status (P<0.01, respectively) were found to be restored back to near normal upon siRNA-Npr3 treatment. Taken together, the results of this study indicates that specific down-regulation of Npr3 gene improves the circulatory levels of ANP and antioxidant system and there by attenuates the ß-adrenoceptor over-activation mediated cardiac hypertrophic growth in experimental rats.
Asunto(s)
Factor Natriurético Atrial/sangre , Silenciador del Gen , Receptores Adrenérgicos beta/metabolismo , Receptores del Factor Natriurético Atrial/deficiencia , Receptores del Factor Natriurético Atrial/genética , Animales , Biomarcadores/sangre , Línea Celular , Colágeno/metabolismo , Regulación hacia Abajo/genética , Ventrículos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Ventrículos Cardíacos/patología , Masculino , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/metabolismo , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , Ratas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the process parameters involved in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-SNPs) by aqueous extract of Rosa damascena petals and to evaluate the biocompatibility and anti cancer activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549). METHODS: The process variables that include concentration of extract, mixing ratio of reactants, silver salt concentration and interaction time were analyzed. The compatibility of the G-SNPs was verified by incubating with erythrocytes and the anticancer property of the G-SNPs against A549 cells was performed by MTT assay. RESULTS: Formation of G-SNPs was confirmed by the visual change in the colour of the reaction mixture from pale yellow to brown yellow. Surface plasmon resonance of synthesized G-SNPs was observed at 420 nm; the size of G-SNPs were analyzed by DLS and found to be in the range of (84.00±10.08) nm. Field emission scanning electron microscope and high resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed that the G-SNPs were fairly spherical. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed the characteristic peaks of G-SNPs. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed a signal of silver around 3 keV. The synthesized G-SNPs exhibited anticancer activity as evidenced by the MTT assay. IC50 value of G-SNPs was found to be 80 µg/mL. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study suggest that G-SNPs can be synthesized rapidly within first minute of the reaction; they are biocompatible and possess anticancer activity against human lung adenocarcinoma.
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Gallic acid (GA - 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), a dietary anti-oxidant has been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth in in vitro. Herein, we investigated the in vivo chemo preventive activity of GA on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)/Croton oil induced two-step skin carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice. Skin tumor incidence and tumor volume were recorded during the 16 weeks of experimental period. In addition, LDH-isozyme shift, skin collagen content, activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2/MMP-9) enzymes and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant were studied in the skin and serum of experimental mice. Tumor incidence was significantly increased in the DMBA/Croton oil induced mice (100%; p<0.001) when compared to GA co-treated mice (60%; p<0.01) and 5-FU treated mice (50%; p<0.01). Skin collagen content, MMPs activities, LDH-isoenzymes and MMP-2/-9 expressions were increased in DMBA/Croton oil induced skin while decreased levels of enzymatic (GST, SOD, CAT & GPx) and non-enzymatic anti-oxidant (GSH) were noticed. On the other hand, GA co-treatment exhibited a significant protection by reverting back the altered levels of LDH-isoenzymes, antioxidants, collagen and MMP-2/MMP-9 activities. The results of this study indicate that topical application of GA inhibits DMBA/Croton oil induced two-stage skin carcinogenic process by modulating the antioxidants and MMPs (-2 & -9) in the mouse skin.