RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of tobacco consumption among the active insured population of the Mexican Social Security Institute. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study in which the active insured population from the 36 political delegations was interviewed by means of a structured and self-applicable questionnaire on tobacco consumption, age of initiation, amount of cigarettes consumed and suspension. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 45 117 subjects, of which approximately half were men and half women. Smoking prevalence in men was 40% and in women, 17.6%. Prevalence was highest in the north of the country. There is an effect of age on tobacco consumption and more than half started smoking during adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking prevalence was found to be high, however, the average number of cigarettes is low. Suspension index is low. Public health measures are necessary to diminish this addiction.
Asunto(s)
Fumar/epidemiología , Seguridad Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Distribución por Sexo , Cese del Hábito de Fumar/estadística & datos numéricos , Seguridad Social/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
A study on mortality of 2,268 workers of the Mexican Social Security Institute was done during 1983-1987 in order to obtain accurate information to specifically determine to those, activities which promote the health and improve the life conditions of the workers of the aforementioned institution. This information relates to the first step of the study, so it doesn't lead us to value judgements, because it would fall into speculations. However, it creates an important data to subsequently explore, by means of further studies, in the casualty of the existing results.
Asunto(s)
Agencias Gubernamentales , Mortalidad , Seguridad Social , Factores de Edad , Causas de Muerte , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Agencias Gubernamentales/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , México , Enfermedades Profesionales/mortalidad , Análisis de Regresión , Factores Sexuales , Seguridad Social/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores SocioeconómicosAsunto(s)
Contaminantes Ambientales/análisis , Intoxicación por Plomo/epidemiología , Plomo/sangre , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Intoxicación por Plomo/sangre , Intoxicación por Plomo/etiología , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Población UrbanaAsunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Membrana Hialina/mortalidad , Femenino , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Enfermedad de la Membrana Hialina/complicaciones , Enfermedad de la Membrana Hialina/epidemiología , Recién Nacido de Bajo Peso , Recién Nacido , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Masculino , Respiración Artificial/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Fifty-six consecutive patients with acute anterior infarction were studied by two-dimensional echocardiography to determine the incidence and complications of left-ventricular thrombosis. Mean follow-up period was 4.4 months. Left-ventricular thrombus was demonstrated in 14 patients (25%) between 25 and 54 days after infarction (group A), in 42 patients (group B) it was not demonstrated. Apical and septal dyskinesis, and Forrester's hemodynamic subset-III were significantly (P less than 0.02) associated with thrombus development. Ten patients of group A received heparin (6.6 days mean); the remaining four patients received aspirin and dipyridamole. Thrombi formation were not significantly prevented with both treatments (chi 2 = 0.635). During follow-up period, thrombus persisted in 6 patients of group A, all of them with apical and septal dyskinesis. Three patients had a cerebrovascular accident (5.3%), one of them of group A; no heparin anticoagulation was administered in two. We conclude that apical and septal dyskinesis during acute anterior infarction is generally associated with mural thrombi development. Due to the embolic risk therapeutic anticoagulation must be considered in these patients.