RESUMEN
The paper provides a theoretical model of a regional perinatal centre based on many years of authors' practical experience in nursing newborns at high risk of perinatal pathology and also on international experience in the performance of similar centres and on multilevel system at large. The data are provided on the structure and functions of perinatal institutions, their equipment, manpower training, the system of management and possible economic provision.
Asunto(s)
Planificación de Instituciones de Salud/organización & administración , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal/organización & administración , Centros de Salud Materno-Infantil/organización & administración , Perinatología/tendencias , Programas Médicos Regionales/organización & administración , Adulto , Femenino , Planificación de Instituciones de Salud/tendencias , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal/tendencias , Centros de Salud Materno-Infantil/tendencias , Embarazo , Programas Médicos Regionales/tendencias , U.R.S.S.RESUMEN
The concentrations of aldosterone, vasopressin and plasma renin activity were measured in cord blood and on days 1, 3 and 5 of life in 71 newborn infants from the risk group at the development of critical conditions. Vasopressin was discovered to play a substantial role in the development of critical conditions. The lack of a considerable vasopressin ejection in response to a delivery trouble and the growth of its concentration by day 5 of life are prognostically unfavourable. Hyperactivity of the renin-aldosterone system determines the newborns' proneness to liquid and sodium retention.
Asunto(s)
Aldosterona/sangre , Asfixia Neonatal/fisiopatología , Hernia Diafragmática/fisiopatología , Renina/sangre , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria del Recién Nacido/fisiopatología , Vasopresinas/sangre , Femenino , Sangre Fetal/química , Homeostasis/fisiología , Humanos , Recién Nacido , MasculinoRESUMEN
Kidney function and some mechanisms of its regulation were studied in 161 premature babies. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was found to play a certain role in controlling the water-electrolyte balance in premature infants. The incidence of pronounced and latent renal failure in infants with posthypoxia lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) of varying degrees was demonstrated. The informative value of calculation parameters of partial kidney functions as the early diagnostic criteria in pronounced and latent renal failure is confirmed. A role that the revealed posthypoxia hypermyoglobinemia might possibly play in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure in premature infants is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Prematuro/fisiopatología , Recien Nacido Prematuro/fisiología , Riñón/fisiología , Lesión Renal Aguda/etiología , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Riñón/fisiopatologíaAsunto(s)
Cuidado del Lactante , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Cuidados Críticos , Humanos , Recién NacidoAsunto(s)
Adaptación Fisiológica , Cesárea , Recién Nacido , Corticoesteroides/sangre , Hormona Adrenocorticotrópica/sangre , Femenino , Hormona del Crecimiento/sangre , Humanos , Trabajo de Parto , Mediciones del Volumen Pulmonar , Complicaciones del Trabajo de Parto/fisiopatología , Embarazo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The content of the hypophysial somatotrophic hormone was studied in the blood of cord vessels at parturition and in the peripheral blood of newborn infants during the first 2 hrs and 1-9 days of life. The hormone level by the periods of 2 hrs was markedly lower than in the foetuses, it sharply increased by the end of the first day and gradually decreased during the subsequent days. The functioning of the hypothalamic-hypophysial system in humans during this period is discussed.