RESUMEN

Agaricus brasiliensis currently is one of the most studied fungi because of its nutritional and therapeutic properties as an anti-inflammatory agent and an adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy. The effects of orally administered aqueous A. brasiliensis extract (14.3- and 42.9-mg doses) on parenchymal lung damage induced by carcinogenic 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) were observed in Wistar rats. NNK treatment induced pulmonary inflammation, but not lung cancer, in the rats. The lungs of animals treated with NNK showed a higher level of inflammation than those of the control group according to histopathologic examinations (P < 0.01) and kurtosis analysis (P < 0.001) of a global histogram generated from thoracic computed tomography scans. There was no significant difference in the alveolar and bronchial exudates between animals treated with a 14.3-mg dose of A. brasiliensis extract and the control without NNK. However, a significant difference was found between animals treated with NNK, received a 42.9-mg dose of A. brasiliensis (P < 0.05), and the controls not treated with NNK. We did not observe a significant difference between the kurtoses of the A. brasiliensis (14.3 mg) and control groups. However, a 42.9-mg dose of A. brasiliensis resulted in lower kurtosis values than those observed in the control group (P < 0.001). In conclusion, a low dose of A. brasiliensis was more effective in attenuating pulmonary inflammation. Similar to the histopathological results, the computed tomography scans also showed a protective effect of A. brasiliensis at the lower dose, which prevented gross pulmonary consolidation.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de analisar os aspectos microscópicos e enfatizar a importância do exame histopatológico na determinação do diagnóstico de lesões tumoriformes na cavidade nasal de eqüídeos. Para tanto, foram estudados microscopicamente cortes de tecido de 11 eqüídeos com lesões tumoriformes na cavidade nasal. Essas amostras foram enviadas ao Serviço de Anatomia Patológica da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2000 a 2004. Foram diagnosticados três casos de rinosporidiose, um de amiloidose, seis de pólipos nasais e um de hematoma etmoidal progressivo.

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the microscopic aspects of tumor-like masses present in the nasal cavity of equids and also to emphasize the importance of histopathological examination for determining the diagnosis. Tissue sections of tumor-like masses from the nasal cavity of 11 equids were microscopically examined. These samples were sent to the Anatomic Pathology Service of the Veterinary Medicine College from the Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, from 2000 to 2004. Three cases of rhinosporidiosis, one of amyloidosis, six of nasal polyps and one of progressive ethmoid hematoma were diagnosed.

RESUMEN

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar a prevalência e as características anatomopatológicas de neoplasias espontâneas encontradas em ratos Wistar, provenientes do biotério do Centro de Criação de Animais de Laboratório, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro. Foram necropsiados 1.964 ratos Wistar, no período entre agosto de 2002 e janeiro de 2007, após eutanásia em câmara de gás carbônico. Amostras teciduais foram colhidas, fixadas em formol tamponado a 10 por cento e processadas pelas técnicas habituais para inclusão em parafina. Foram realizados 38 diagnósticos de neoplasmas, sendo 36 ratos acometidos, o que representa uma prevalência de 1,8 por cento. Dos 36 animais, apenas seis (16,7%) eram machos e um (2,8%) jovem. As neoplasias diagnosticadas com as respectivas ocorrências foram: carcinoma mamário (42,1 %), fibroadenoma mamário (13,2%), hemangiossarcoma (7,9%), adenoma da glândula hipófise (7,9%), adenoma mamário (5,3%), fibrossarcoma (5,3%), adenocarcinoma papilífero pulmonar primário (2,6%), epitelioma sebáceo (2,6%), ganglioneuroblastoma na glândula adrenal (2,6%), leiomioma uterino (2,6%), mesotelioma (2,6%), osteossarcoma osteoblástico (2,6 por cento) e papiloma (2,6%). No presente estudo a prevalência de neoplasias espontâneas foi bastante inferior à encontrada em estudos similares, com predomínio dos tumores malignos. O epitelioma sebáceo e os carcinomas mamários mucinoso e simples cístico-papilar com ocorrência espontânea foram descritos pela primeira vez em ratos Wistar.

The purpose of the present study was to check the prevalence and the pathologic features of spontaneous neoplasms found in Wistar rat, from the production colonies at the Center for Laboratory Animal Breeding, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro. One thousand nine hundred and sixty four Wistar rats were submitted to necropsy in the period between August 2002 and January 2007, after euthanasia in CO2 chamber. Tissue samples were collected, fixed in 10 percent buffered formalin and processed by the usual techniques for inclusion in paraffin. Thirty eight neoplasms were diagnoses and 36 rats had tumors, representing a prevalence of 1.8 percent. Among the 36 animals, only six (16.7%) were male and one (2.8% young. The neoplasms were diagnosed with the following occurrences: mammary carcinoma (42.1%), mammary fibroadenoma (13.2%), hemangiosarcoma (7.9%), adenoma of the pituitary gland (7.9%), mammary adenoma (5.3%), fibrosarcoma (5.3%), primary papillary pulmonary adenocarcinoma (2.6%), sebaceous epithelioma (2.6%), ganglioneuroblastoma in the adrenal gland (2.6%), leiomyoma of the uterus (2.6%), mesothelioma (2.6%), osteosarcoma osteoblastic (2.6%), papilloma (2.6%). In this study the prevalence of spontaneous neoplasms was lower than the ones found in similar studies and the malignant tumors predominated. The sebaceous epithelioma and also the mucinous and simple papillary-cystic mammary carcinomas with spontaneous occurrence were described in Wistar rats for the first time.