RESUMEN
The comparison of chemical and histopathological data obtained from the analysis of excised tumor fragments oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with the demographic and clinical evolution data is an effective strategy scarcely explored in OSCC studies. The aim was to analyze OSCC tissues for protein expression of enzymes related to oxidative stress and DNA repair and trace elements as candidates as markers of tumor aggressiveness and prognosis. Tumor fragments from 78 OSCC patients that had undergone ablative surgery were qualitatively analyzed by synchrotron micro-X-ray fluorescence for trace elements. Protein expression of SOD-1, Trx, Ref-1 and OGG1/2 was performed by immunohistochemistry. Sociodemographic, clinical, and histopathological data were obtained from 4-year follow-up records. Disease relapse was highest in patients with the presence of chlorine and chromium and lowest in those with tumors with high OGG1/2 expression. High expression of SOD-1, Trx, and Ref-1 was determinant of the larger tumor. Presence of trace elements can be markers of disease prognosis. High expression of enzymes related to oxidative stress or to DNA repair can be either harmful by stimulating tumor growth or beneficial by diminishing relapse rates. Interference on these players may bring novel strategies for the therapeutic management of OSCC patients.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Cloro/metabolismo , Cromo/metabolismo , Reparación del ADN , ADN de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Boca , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Anciano , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Boca/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Boca/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Pronóstico , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Solanum cernuum Vellozo is a Brazilian shrub or small tree, restricted to Southwest states of the country. It has been widely used for the treatment of many ailments. The pharmacological activity of the extract on gastric ulcer has been the major therapeutic target proposed by the population investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the acute toxicity test was used increasing doses of the extract (2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 25 g of extract per kilogram of body weight). The animal behavior was observed from 5h after a single administration of the extract and subsequently monitored daily until the fourteenth day, beyond the calculation of the estimated LD50 of the extract. In the test sub-chronic toxicity was used two doses of the extract (0.1 and 1.4 g/kg) and the parameters analyzed over 31 days were: body weight, food intake, behavior, respiratory rate, movement and mortality of animals. After anesthesia, blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. The animals were euthanized followed by macroscopic analysis of the stomach and intestine. Liver, lungs and kidneys were removed, weighed and analyzed histopathologically. RESULTS: In the acute toxicity test was observed a dose-dependent mortality and the value of estimated LD50 was 14.50 g/kg. In the hematological and biochemical analyses there were significant increase in the activities of AST and ALT indicating liver toxicity, but the extract was not able to alter food intake, body weight and organ weights after 31 days of treatment and it did not produce significant histopathological changes. CONCLUSION: Therefore we can consider the hydroalcoholic extract of Solanum cernuum Vell as practically non-toxic in acute administration and safe in the sub-chronic administration, as hepatotoxicity was observed only with the highest dose used, not with the dose routinely used by the native population.
Asunto(s)
Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Solanum/química , Animales , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Etanol/química , Ratones , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Dioctophyma renale is frequently observed in dogs from rural areas. From a total of 67 necropsies carried out from May to December of 2004, 56 were dogs, which came from the minicipality of Cachoeiro do Itapemirim, two animals parasited for D. renale. In one of these animals in a mass of epiplon a nematode female of 15 cm of length was found in ectopic position. The right kidney was atrophic and with the presence of 2 females (58 and 50 cm) and 2 males (21 cm each). In the second animal, the kidneys were morphologically different. The left kidney was presented hypertrophic, while right kidney was observed a female with 45 cm. The recovered helminths were identified and fixed in AFA. During the ovariectomy of a dog of the same region a male nematode of approximately 20 cm was found in site the abdominal cavity. All of them were identified as D. renale.
Asunto(s)
Dioctophymatoidea/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de los Perros/parasitología , Perros/parasitología , Infecciones por Enoplida/veterinaria , Enfermedades Renales/veterinaria , Animales , Brasil , Infecciones por Enoplida/parasitología , Femenino , Enfermedades Renales/parasitología , MasculinoRESUMEN
The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence of gastrintestinal helminthosis of calves and to identify control aspects related to these infections in dairy farms of the municipality of Alegre, Espírito Santo. A total of 222 calves varying of one to 18 months of age were examined and proportionally divided between 12 dairy farms. After techniques in the laboratory of parasitic diseases of the veterinary hospital of Centro de Ciências Agrárias of the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, the prevalence of eggs of Strongyloidea, Trichuris sp., Moniezia sp, Strongyloides papillosus and coccidial oocysts were, in properties and calves: 100 and 66; 100 and 57.8; 50 and 8.2; 25 and 1.8, and 33.3 and 7.8%, respectivelly. Of the 66 for eggs of the Strongyloidea, 64 were attributed to Haemonchus spp. and 53.75% to Cooperia spp. Despite the existence of parasite control programs in the farms, were identify some wrong practices, as lack of weighting animals for the calculation of the dose rate of the drugs and lack of use of the compost of excrements. Thus, the drugs uses of incorrect form may be able to cause future damages with development of parasites resistance to these products.