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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The advent of denosumab has rendered giant cell tumors (GCT) of the bone amenable. It makes sense to evaluate its effect on the patient's symptoms and the histopathological outcomes. The aim of the study is to ascertain the effect of 24-week neoadjuvant denosumab therapy on the following parameters: visual analogue scale (VAS), musculoskeletal tumor society (MSTS) scores, tumor size, and the number of giant and stromal cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This observational study was conducted from February 2022 to April 2023 at SCB Medical College and Hospital, India. Fifty-four GCT participants had their VAS and MSTS scores assessed at baseline and then every four weeks for the next 24 weeks. At 24 weeks, changes in their tumor size and the number of giant and stromal cells per high-power field (hpf) were also evaluated. RESULTS: Fifty-four (82%) out of the 66 enrolled participants completed the study. Among those 54, 29 (54%) participants were female. The study population had a mean age of 39.0 ± 4.7 years. The median VAS scores were (female: 7.0, male: 7.0; p = 0.51) at baseline and (female: 2.0, male: 2.0; p = 0.39) at 24 weeks. The median MSTS scores at baseline and 24 weeks were (female: 8.0, male: 8.0; p = 0.41) and (female: 15.0, male: 16.0; p = 0.66), respectively. The median reductions in tumor size, the number of giant, and stromal cells (per hpf) were (female: 6.0 mm, male: 5.0 mm; p = 0.11), (female: 25, male: 27; p = 0.07), and (female: 1200, male: 2100; p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: After receiving neoadjuvant denosumab for 24 weeks, the study participants' clinical symptoms and histological indicators improved. With the exception of the stromal cells, there was no statistically significant difference between the male and female participants.
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Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection devastates the affected individual physically and psychologically. Moreover, poor immune status and mental turmoil worsen cognition and quality of life. Hence, studying the cognitive function and quality of life among such patients is necessary. This study aimed to determine the changes in mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score and general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) score at six months from baseline. Methodology This prospective, observational study was conducted at Sriram Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, India, from February 2020 to December 2021. A total of 40 patients with stage 3-4 CKD and pulmonary TB were assessed with MMSE and GHQ-12 scales at baseline, two, and six months. The study population was grouped as ≤50 and >50 years of age. We used R software (version 4.1.1) for data analysis. Results In total, 40 (69%) of the 58 enrolled participants completed this study. The mean age of the study population was 50.93 ± 9.83 years. The baseline MMSE scores (≤50 years: 20.8 ± 2.1, >50 years: 20.1 ± 1.7, p = 0.17) were increased (≤50 years: 25.4 ± 1.8, >50 years: 22.4 ± 1.6, p = 0.08) at six months. The baseline GHQ-12 scores (≤50 years: 22.8 ± 2.6, >50 years: 23.1 ± 2.8, p = 0.56) were reduced (≤50 years: 17.9 ± 1.9, >50 years: 20.3 ± 2.3, p = 0.14) at six months. Conclusions The study participants' cognitive function and quality of life improved after six months of modified antitubercular drugs. Nevertheless, the intergroup differences were not statistically significant.
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INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases an individual's vulnerability to infections like tuberculosis. Doses of pyrazinamide and ethambutol are modified to treat such individuals. Additionally, the renal function tends to decline with advancing age. Therefore, it is crucial to study the effect of antitubercular drugs on renal function in young and elderly patients. The primary objective of this study was to determine the change in serum creatinine levels at six months from baseline in two study groups that included patients aged ≤50 and >50 years. The secondary objective was to determine changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and BMI six months from baseline. METHODS: We recruited 40 patients with CKD and pulmonary tuberculosis from Srirama Chandra Bhanja (SCB) Medical College and Hospital, India. Each participant received the modified doses of antitubercular drugs. Their serum creatinine, eGFR, and BMI were assessed at baseline, two and six months. Participants had a mean age of 50.93±9.83 years. RESULTS: The median changes in serum creatinine and eGFR values from baseline were -0.19 and -0.23 mg/dl and 4.16 and 3.93 ml/min/m2 for the two study groups, respectively. Furthermore, the differences in BMI from baseline were 1.91 and 2.14 kg/m2, respectively, for the two groups. The renal function was found to be improved after six months of treatment with modified antitubercular drugs. The intergroup comparisons were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the modified regimen helps effectively cure pulmonary tuberculosis and significantly improves renal function in CKD patients. Further studies are required to generalize these findings.