RESUMEN
Since recently, a number of innovative polarization-based optical imaging modalities have been introduced and extensively used in various biomedical applications, with an ultimate aim to attain the practical tool for the optical biopsy and functional characterization of biological tissues. The techniques utilize polarization properties of light and Mueller matrix mapping of microscopic images of histological sections of biological tissues or polycrystalline films of biological fluids. The main drawback of currently developed laser polarimetry approaches and Mueller matrix mapping techniques is poor reproducibility of experimental data. This is due to azimuthal dependence of polarization and ellipticity values of most matrix elements to sample orientation in respect to incidence light polarization. Current study aims to generalize the methods of laser polarimetry for diagnosis of partially depolarizing optically anisotropic biological tissues. A method of differential Mueller matrix mapping for reconstruction of linear and circular birefringence and dichroism parameter distributions of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissues of different morphological structure is introduced and practically implemented. The coordinate distributions of the value of the first-order differential matrix elements of histological sections of brain tissue with spatially structured, optically anisotropic fibrillar network, as well as of parenchymatous tissue of the rectum wall with an "islet" polycrystalline structure are determined. Within the statistical analysis of polarization reproduced distributions of the averaged parameters of phase and amplitude anisotropy, the significant sensitivity of the statistical moments of the third and fourth orders to changes in the polycrystalline structure of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissue is observed. The differentiation of female reproductive sphere connective tissue is realized with excellent accuracy. The differential Mueller matrix mapping method for reconstruction of distributions of linear and circular birefringence and dichroism parameters of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissues of different morphological structures is proposed and substantiated. Differential diagnostics of changes in the phase (good balanced accuracy) and amplitude (excellent balanced accuracy) of the anisotropy of the partially depolarizing layers of the vagina wall tissue with prolapse of the genitals is realized. The maximum diagnostic efficiency of the first-order differential matrix method was demonstrated in comparison with the traditional methods of polarization and Mueller matrix mapping of histological sections of light-scattering biological tissues.
Asunto(s)
Imagen Óptica/métodos , Anisotropía , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Microscopía de Polarización , Estadística como AsuntoRESUMEN
This article presents the theoretical background of an azimuthally stable method of Jones-matrix mapping of histological sections of a uterine wall biopsy on the basis of spatial-frequency selection of the mechanisms of linear and circular birefringence. The diagnostic application of a new correlation parameter--a complex degree of mutual anisotropy--is analytically substantiated. The method of measuring coordinate distributions of a complex degree of mutual anisotropy with further spatial filtration of their high- and low-frequency components is developed. The interconnections of such distributions with linear and circular birefringence parameters of the uterine-wall-endometrium histological sections are found. The comparative results of measuring the coordinate distributions of a complex degree of mutual anisotropy formed by fibrillar networks of myosin and collagen fibrils of uterus wall tissue of different pathological states--pre-cancer (dysplasia) and cancer (adenocarcinoma)--are shown. The values and ranges of change of the statistical (moments of the first to fourth orders) parameters of complex degree of mutual-anisotropy coordinate distributions are studied. The objective criteria of diagnosing the pathology and differentiation of its severity degree are determined.