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OBJECTIVE: to analyze correspondence between determination of vascular age of patients with cardiovascular diseases by volumetric sphygmography and their chronological age, and to assess the influence of lipid factors and atherosclerotic lesions in carotid arteries (CA) on parameters associated with the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination which included volumetric sphygmography was carried out in 185 patients with various cardiovascular diseases. Calculated vascular age was determined on the basis of graphic conversion of ratio of CAVI and true age of a patient. RESULTS: Calculated vascular age exceeded chronological age in 43 patients (23.4%). Analysis of the data obtained in this subgroup, except natural interrelation between such characteristics as age, ankle-brachial index, CAVI and calculated vascular age revealed statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) between following parameters: R-CAVI and male gender (r = 0.35), calculated vascular age (based on R-CAVI) and TG (r = -0,34), L-CAVI and BMI (r = -0.36), R-ABI and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries (r = -9.34). Comparison of influence of lipid factors and CA atherosclerotic lesions on CAVI associated parameters revealed no significant differences between groups. CONCLUSION: Volumetric sphygmography with calculation of vascular age is an easily reproducible and accessible method of screening of early changes in the vascular wall. Determination of vascular age of patients with cardiovascular diseases by volumetric sphygmography suggests advisability of thorough medical examination at least in a quarter of total number of patients.

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This paper contains discussion of application of methods of assessment of vascular stiffness in clinical practice, comparison of such parameters as pulse wave velocity, ankle-brachial and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), as well as analysis of advantages of cardio-ankle CAVI for diagnosis, evaluation of effectiveness of treatment, and prognosis in various cardiovascular diseases.

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Clinical efficiency and safety of nimesil were studied in the multicenter open clinical trial of 52 patients with verified rheumatoid arthritis. Nimesil was given for 12 weeks in a daily dose 200-400 mg in addition to basic therapy. Clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed after 4 and 8 weeks of the treatment and after its end. The treatment produced a significant positive response of the articular syndrome. Marked improvement was registered in 11 (23.4%) patients, improvement--in 33 (79.2%) patients. Side effects were reversible and occurred in 8 (15.3%) patients. In 5 patients the drug was withdrawn. The conclusion is made on high efficiency and good tolerance of nimesil in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

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The changes in the immune status of the calves infected with bovine herpes virus-1 inducing infectious rhinotracheitis were studied. The virus was introduced by intratracheal inoculation of 5 cm3 suspension with minimal concentration of 10(-7) CPU50 per 1 cm2 from the Cervena voda strain cultivated in calf kidney culture. An infection of moderate seriousness and characteristic clinical manifestations was caused. On the 2nd, 5th, 10th and 15th day after the infection lung lavage was carried out and samples were taken from the peripheral blood. The number, viability and differential distribution of the alveolar macrophages and phagocytic and microbicidal ability showed a tendency to decrease during the acute phase of the infection (the 2nd-5th day) followed by a slow restoration in the period of convalescence (the 15th day). Some parameters of the systemic immunity--number of the plaque-forming and the rosette-forming cells, differential and absolute number of leucocytes in the peripheral blood--also had similar dynamics. The changes in the local and in the systemic, in the cell and humoral immunity were connected to the pathogenesis of the infection and the immune suppressive properties of the agent. The rhinotracheitis infection is indicative of the character of changes in the immune status at herpes virus infections and, on the other hand, it can be used as a model for testing immunostimulators of recovery effect.

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The immunostimulating antiviral preparation suramin has a favourable effect on the process and outcome of an experimental infection with the virus of infectious rhinotracheitis (bovine herpes virus type 1, BHV1), thus reducing the gravity of the clinical course and increasing the survival rate. The therapeutic protective effect of the preparation is expressed in the prevention of virus-induced immunosuppression which is markedly strong during the acute phase of the infection process. Suramin restored the number, viability, relative share in the bronchial lavage population, phagocytic and microbicidal capacity of the alveolar macrophages--a major factor of the local defence mechanisms of the lung. In a similar way suramin influenced some parameters of the systemic immunity (number and differential count of polymorphonuclear phagocytes, plaque- and rosette-forming cells). The application of suramin in doses lower than those used for virus inhibition and its considerable action on different mechanisms of the immune system suggested that the preparation's therapeutic effect could be related mainly to its immunostimulating properties.

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Interaction between spin-labeled methacyne (I) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) was studied by ESR and enzyme kinetic methods. The compound (I) was shown to be a competitive reversible inhibitor, the value of Ki appeared to be 1.3 X 10(-5) M. Insertion of nitroxyl fragment in the methacyne molecule results in a two-fold increase of its inhibitory activity. The ESR spectrum of the enzyme-inhibitor complex was registered. This complex dissociates under the action of eserine, tetramethylammonium and hexamethonium. Scatchard plot reveals two different types of binding sites with Kdiss values 1.5 X 10(-5) M and 2.6 X 10(-4) M. One type of binding sites is identified as the enzyme active centre. The restricted motion of (I) in complex with BChE proves the assumption that the enzyme active centre is located in the split of macromolecule surface.

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