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La personalidad tipo D se refiere a la vulnerabilidad frente al estrés psicológico, la cual se expresa en dos componentes: la afectividad negativa (AN) y la inhibición social (is), que pueden desencadenar un estado de estrés psicosocial que afecta la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Tipo D (DS-14) en población adulta colombiana. La muestra estuvo conformada por 456 adultos (41.7 % hombres y 58.3 % mujeres) colombianos entre los 18 y 86 años. El coeficiente de fiabilidad para las dos subescalas de la DS-14 fue de .73 (AN) y .72 (IS), y .79 para el puntaje total. Se analizó la validez concurrente con medidas de estrategias de afrontamiento resiliente y afrontamiento religioso. Los resultados evidencian validez interna y externa, dados los índices del análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio.

Type D personality refers to vulnerability to psychological stress, which is expressed in two components: negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (si), which can trigger a state of psychosocial stress that affects health. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Type D Personality Scale (DS-14) in the Colombian adult population. The sample consisted of 456 colombian adults (41.7 °% men and 58.3 °% women) between 18 and 86 years of age. The reliability coefficient for the two subscales of the DS-14 was .73 (NA) and .72 (SI), and .79 for the total score. Concurrent validity was analyzed with measures of resilient coping strategies and religious coping. The results show internal and external validity given the indices of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

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Resumen La resiliencia es la competencia de afrontamiento y adaptación a las condiciones estresantes que puede experimentar una persona. Se puede expresar a través de varias estrategias como el optimismo, la perseverancia, la creatividad y el crecimiento positivo frente a la adversidad. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala Breve de Estrategias Resilientes (BRCS) en población adulta colombiana. La muestra estuvo conformada por 456 adultos colombianos (41.7 % hombres y 58.3 % mujeres) entre los 18 y los 86 años (M = 46.99). El coeficiente de fiabilidad para el puntaje total de las dos subescalas de la BRCS fue de .77. Se corroboró la validez del constructo a través de la bondad de ajuste del modelo de un factor y la correlación entre los cuatro ítems, por el que se confirmó la estructura del modelo propuesto por Sinclair y Wallston (2004). Se analizó la validez concurrente con medidas de afrontamiento religioso y personalidad Tipo D. Se efectuó un análisis de la discriminación de los reactivos a través del coeficiente de correlación biserial, que indicó que las correlaciones del ítem con la escala total tienen un nivel de discriminación excelente, con valores entre .740 y .807. Los resultados muestran correlaciones significativas entre la resiliencia y el afrontamiento religioso positivo, índices de confiabilidad interna aceptables y consistencia interna, dados los índices del análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se concluye que la evidencia sugiere que la escala BRCS es un instrumento válido y confiable para la evaluación de la capacidad de resiliencia en adultos colombianos.

Abstract Resilience is the ability to cope and adapt to stressful situations that a person may experience. This ability can be expressed through several strategies such as optimism, perseverance, creativity, and positive growth from adversity. Considering the few studies on this subject in the Latin American context and, therefore, the difficulties in evaluating resilient strategies in adults, this research considered to analyze the psychometric characteristics of the Brief Resilient Strategies Scale (BRCS). This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the "Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS)" in the Colombian adult population. The sample consisted of 456 Colombian adults (41.7 % men and 58.3 % women) between 18 and 86 years old (M = 46.99). The reliability coefficient for the total score of the two BRCS subscales was .77. The construct validity was confirmed by goodness of fit results for applying a one-factor model to the scale and the correlation between the four items, confirming the structure of the model proposed by Sinclair y Wallston (2004), the initial solution of a factor was confirmed, with the same items loading the same factor and with factorial weights greater than .3. Likewise, all the values of the goodness of fit indices are within the accepted ranges for a good fit of the model. That is, the data fit the factorial model well. The concurrent validity was analyzed with measures of religious coping and type D personality. Positive correlations of the BRCS scale were found with positive religious coping of the RCOPE, indicating that a greater resilience, more expression of a sense of spirituality. In the same way, the BRCS scale correlates with the DS-14 scale, indicating that a greater resilience, less tendency to experience negative emotions such as dysphoria, tension, worry, irritability, and anger more extensively over time. In addition, the correlations indicated that a higher resilience, lower vulnerability to psychological stress with experiences of strong negative emotions and inhibition of their expression in interaction with other people. The results of the criterion validity suggest that people who use resilient strategies and religious coping are protective factors for the physical and mental health of the adult population, in such a way that people with higher levels of resilience may have a greater expression of a sense spiritual. Likewise, the most resilient subjects use variables such as satisfaction with life, humor, perceived personal competence, optimism, among others, indicative of a heightened sense of internal coherence. Also, the subjects who demonstrated greater resilience capacity were less vulnerable to experiencing negative affect and social inhibition. In general terms, these results suggest that the use of resilient strategies is related to constructs that are theoretically expected from a clinical and mental health perspective. The results show significant correlations between resilience and positive religious coping, acceptable internal reliability indices and internal consistency given the confirmatory factor analysis indices. An item discrimination analysis was performed through the biserial correlation coefficient, the correlations of the item with the total scale have an excellent level of discrimination, with values between .740 and .807. For data analysis, IBM SPSS Software®, Version 25, the R for Statistical Computing program (R Project, 2019) and LISREL 8.80 was used. The evidence suggests that the BRCS scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing resilience capacity in Colombian adults. In general, it was found that the BRCS has good psychometric properties in the various countries where it has been evaluated, for all the population groups analyzed, with only significant differences between men and women.

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The present instrumental study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale with 421 Colombian adults in full lockdown of coronavirus. The reliability was excellent, obtained through the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient (α = 0.83). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis identified satisfactory indicators for the scale's one-dimensional model. The correlations obtained in the discriminant analysis of the items have a moderate level of correlation with values between 0.74 and 0.81. These findings demonstrate that the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate dysfunctional anxiety related to coronavirus in Colombian population.

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BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization and the American Academy of Pediatrics suggest disclose the HIV diagnosis to children. However, the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis to children and adolescents, it is not a consolidated practice in Colombia, often this occurs because caregivers do not have an adequate methodology to carry out this process. AIM: We present the efficiency components validation of "Mi dragon Dormido" history in the educational process and revelation ofAIDS diagnosis to boys and girls. METHOD: By means of purposive non-probability sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 children, with an equal number of children who were seropositive (n = 20) and seronegative (n = 20) for HIV/ AIDS. A qualitative study with the approach of grounded theory and systematic design was conducted. We conducted the qualitative study through the NVivo software, with the codification type being Tree Nodes. RESULTS: The qualitative data provided necessary approximations to improve the content and design of the tool and showed that it reflects the reality of children and allows them to identify frequent fears and questions regarding to chronic health condition of HIV. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide important information to be considered in the process of diagnosis revelation and its management by health personnel.

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INTRODUCCIÓN: La Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Académica Americana de Pediatría sugieren revelar el diagnóstico de VIH a niños. Sin embargo, esto no es una práctica consolidada en Colombia; a menudo esto ocurre porque los cuidadores no tienen una metodología adecuada para llevar a cabo este proceso. OBJETIVO: Se presenta la evaluación de la eficacia de la historia "Mi Dragón Dormido" para el proceso de educación y revelación del diagnóstico de VIH/SIDA a niños. MÉTODO: Mediante muestreo no probabilístico intencional; se administraron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 40 niños, seropositivos (n = 20) y seronegativos (n = 20) para VIH/SIDA. Se trató de un estudio cualitativo y diseño sistemático. Se realizó análisis cualitativo mediante el software NVivo 10 con codificación tipo Nodos de Árbol. RESULTADOS: Los datos cualitativos aportaron aproximaciones necesarias para mejorar el contenido y el diseño de la herramienta e indicaron que refleja la realidad de los niños y permite identificar temores y preguntas frecuentes frente a la condición crónica de salud del VIH. CONCLUSIONES: Estos resultados aportan información importante a considerar en el proceso de revelación del diagnóstico y su manejo por parte del personal de salud.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization and the American Academy of Pediatrics suggest disclose the HIV diagnosis to children. However, the disclosure of HIV/AIDS diagnosis to children and adolescents, it is not a consolidated practice in Colombia, often this occurs because caregivers do not have an adequate methodology to carry out this process. AIM: We present the efficiency components validation of "Mi dragon Dormido" history in the educational process and revelation ofAIDS diagnosis to boys and girls. METHOD: By means of purposive non-probability sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 children, with an equal number of children who were seropositive (n = 20) and seronegative (n = 20) for HIV/ AIDS. A qualitative study with the approach of grounded theory and systematic design was conducted. We conducted the qualitative study through the NVivo software, with the codification type being Tree Nodes. RESULTS: The qualitative data provided necessary approximations to improve the content and design of the tool and showed that it reflects the reality of children and allows them to identify frequent fears and questions regarding to chronic health condition of HIV. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide important information to be considered in the process of diagnosis revelation and its management by health personnel.

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RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar la percepción del embarazo adolescente en el Departamento Norte de Santander. Método Se realizó una investigación descriptiva de corte transversal con 406 madres adolescentes entre 10 y 19 años pertenecientes a las 6 subregiones del departamento. Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada y se tabularon los datos en el Paquete Estadístico para las Ciencias Sociales (SPSS [Statical Package for Social Sciencies]; versión No.23) Resultados El 69 % de las adolescentes considera que la falta de educación sexual está asociada al embarazo no planificado. El 66 % reconoce que los embarazos no planificados se pueden prevenir con el uso de métodos anticonceptivos, pues los embarazos indeseados son la principal causa de deserción escolar para un 62 % de las adolescentes. Discusión La garantía de un mayor acceso a la educación sexual integral junto con el acceso libre y fácil a los métodos anticonceptivos puede reducir la problemática del embarazo adolescente.(AU)

ABSTRACT Objetive Analyze the perception of adolescent pregnancy in the Department of North Santander. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 406 adolescent mothers between 10 and 19 years old in 6 sub-regions of the department. We used a structured survey and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS; Version No. 23) was employed for the data tabulation. Results 69 % of adolescents believe that unplanned pregnancy is associated with the lack of sexual education. 66 % say that it is preventable with the use of contraceptive methods. It is known that unwanted pregnancies are the main cause of school dropouts for 62 % of adolescents. Discussion: Ensuring greater access to sex education and facilitating the free and easy access to contraception can reduce the problem of teen pregnancy.(AU)

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OBJETIVE: Analyze the perception of adolescent pregnancy in the Department of North Santander. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 406 adolescent mothers between 10 and 19 years old in 6 sub-regions of the department. We used a structured survey and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS; Version No. 23) was employed for the data tabulation. RESULTS: 69 % of adolescents believe that unplanned pregnancy is associated with the lack of sexual education. 66 % say that it is preventable with the use of contraceptive methods. It is known that unwanted pregnancies are the main cause of school dropouts for 62 % of adolescents. DISCUSSION: Ensuring greater access to sex education and facilitating the free and easy access to contraception can reduce the problem of teen pregnancy.

OBJETIVO: Analizar la percepción del embarazo adolescente en el Departamento Norte de Santander. MÉTODO: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva de corte transversal con 406 madres adolescentes entre 10 y 19 años pertenecientes a las 6 subregiones del departamento. Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada y se tabularon los datos en el Paquete Estadístico para las Ciencias Sociales (SPSS [Statical Package for Social Sciencies]; versión No.23). RESULTADOS: El 69 % de las adolescentes considera que la falta de educación sexual está asociada al embarazo no planificado. El 66 % reconoce que los embarazos no planificados se pueden prevenir con el uso de métodos anticonceptivos, pues los embarazos indeseados son la principal causa de deserción escolar para un 62 % de las adolescentes. DISCUSIÓN: La garantía de un mayor acceso a la educación sexual integral junto con el acceso libre y fácil a los métodos anticonceptivos puede reducir la problemática del embarazo adolescente.

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