RESUMEN
Rectal mucosa is relatively susceptible to pathological processes and frequently it is affected by various diseases. However, there is a notable lack of quantitative data regarding normal rectal mucosa, which would provide a reference for histoquantitative studies of the pathologically changed tissue. Therefore, we obtained the tissue from 27 healthy patients subjected to diagnostic rectoscopy during active screening for asymptomatic cancer of the large intestine, in which no disease was found. Using computer-aided morphometric analysis, we studied all structural elements of the rectal mucosa. The patients were divided into four groups according to the age and sex: adult males, elderly males, adult females and elderly females. The patients under 60 years of age were grouped as adult and those older than 60 years as aged subjects. A decreased height of surface epithelium was registered in both elderly male and female groups. This finding, however, was significant only when adult and elderly male groups were compared. The tendency towards reduction of the mucosal height was also registered comparing male adult and elderly groups. The number of crypts per 0.1 mm2 of tissue increased with aging in both males and females, whereby the crypts were always more numerous in males than in females. The increase in number of crypts in male subjects was accompanied by a decrease in their diameter and perimeter. The changes associated with ageing were discrete and affected only the male subjects.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento/fisiología , Mucosa Intestinal/anatomía & histología , Recto/anatomía & histología , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on the lifestyle of elderly patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Aspects of health-related quality of life (OL) were studied in 48 patients (16 men, 32 women) in end-stage chronic renal failure (ESRF) undergoing CAPD at the Clinic of Nephrology, Clinical Centre of Serbia. The first group comprised 20 adult patients (8 men, 12 women; age range: 35-59 years). The second group consisted of 28 older adult patients (8 men, 20 women; age range: 65-75 years). Mean length of CAPD treatment was 5.2 years in the first group and 3.67 years in the second group. Fifteen QL variables were investigated: marital status, family relationships, working ability, sleep, tiredness, appetite, wound healing, hobby, sports, friendships, sexual activity, mood, travel, self management, and happiness. RESULTS: The results showed that, in the examined groups, marital status and relationships with family members weren't influenced at all by dialysis. In both groups, CAPD had a negative influence on ability to bear cold and to travel, but other life functions were not significantly affected. Elderly patients had a significantly worse appetite (p = 0.03, Fisher test) and mood (p = 0.045, Fisher test) than did younger adults. In other examined variables, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Lack of large, statistically significant differences between the groups suggests that CAPD has an equal influence on quality of life in younger and older adult patients.
Asunto(s)
Anciano , Diálisis Peritoneal Ambulatoria Continua , Calidad de Vida , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Interest in measuring the quality of life (QL) in relation to health care has increased enormously in recent years. This is also true for end-stage renal failure where it is important not only to provide a better survival but also the quality of that survival. The aim of this study was to assess the relative influence of different kinds of treatment on end-stage renal disease after the patients' evaluation of their overall QL. We studied 167 patients receiving conservative treatment (45), haemodialysis (44), haemodialysis and erythropoieth (36), and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (42). The patients completed an original questionnaire consisting of 37 questions divided in five groups and generating 15 QL variables: personal data (name, gender, age, basic kidney disease); sociodemographic data influenced by the illness (family history, working ability, employment status); general health characteristics (fatigue, appetite, wound healing, sleep, resistance to cold); aspects of private life that are mostly influenced by the disease (social interaction, traveling, mood, sports, sexual life), and patients subjective assessment of their condition (self care and happiness). Patients on haemodialysis showed lower levels of QL than that on peritoneal dialysis related to fatigue (p < 0.01), working ability (p < 0.05), wound healing (p < 0.05), and appetite (p < 0.01) compared to the conservative treatment. Peritoneal dialysis had also a statistically significant positive influence on fatigue (p < 0.05) compared to conservative treatment. However, erythropoletin treatment showed better results with regard to traveling (p < 0.05), resistance to cold (p < 0.01), self care (p < 0.05) and mood (p < 0.05) compared to peritoneal dialysis, and working ability (p < 0.05), fatigue (p < 0.05) and mood (p < 0.05) compared to conservative treatment and haemodialysis.
Asunto(s)
Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Calidad de Vida , Eritropoyetina/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Diálisis Peritoneal , Diálisis RenalRESUMEN
The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of development and way of treatment of chronic renal failure on patient's life style. Health related quality of life aspects were studied in 47 persons (26 males and 21 females), age range from 21 to 76 years. They were classified in six groups: early (clearance of creatinine more than 50 ml/min-2 males, 3 females, age 25-65), overt (clearance of creatinine between 20 and 50 ml/min-4 males, 5 females, age 28-67) and final (clearance of creatinine less than 20 ml/min-6 males, 4 females, age 27-76) stage of the disease, on haemodialysis (6 males, 4 females, age 21-67), treated with recombinant human erythropoietin and haemodialysis (4 males, 4 females, age 30-65), and after transplantation (4 males, 1 females, age 28-57). Life style has been determined by an original questionnaire consisting of 37 questions divided in five groups: personal data, socio-demographic characteristics, health status, personal life and subjective evaluation of patient's current status. Sixteen life quality variables were investigated: marital status, family relations, working status, working ability, sleep, physical activities, appetite, wound healing, hobby, sports, friendships, sexual activity, mood, travelling, housework and happiness. The results have shown that the progression of the disease has negative influence on all life functions, with statistically significant differences between the early and overt stage patients concerning physical activities, appetite, travelling and sexual activity. Significant improvements were demonstrated in social activities and working ability after transplantation compared with patients in end-stage renal disease and those undergoing haemodialysis, while haemodialysis showed positive influence only on appetite. Combination of haemodialysis and erythropoietin treatment demonstrated significant improvements in working ability, appetite, travelling, wound healing and physical abilities compared with all other patients, suggesting benefits of this treatment.