RESUMEN
A French bulldog with a previous history of leishmaniosis was presented due to respiratory distress associated with a laryngeal mass. The mass was excised and cytological and histopathological examination revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation with Leishmania spp. amastigotes. After surgery, the respiratory condition resolved; however, 3 months later the dog developed clinicopathological signs of leishmaniosis, which improved with systemic treatment. This case shows an atypical presentation of leishmaniosis with a focal tumour-like mass in the vocal folds as the only clinical sign.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/microbiología , Granuloma Laríngeo/veterinaria , Leishmaniasis/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Leishmania infantumRESUMEN
Rodent models are frequently used in aging research to investigate biochemical age effects and aid in the development of therapies for pathological and non-pathological age-related degenerative processes. In order to validate the use of animal models in aging research and pave the way for longitudinal intervention-based animal studies, the consistency of cerebral aging processes across species needs to be evaluated. The dopaminergic system seems particularly susceptible to the aging process, and one of the most consistent findings in human brain aging research is a decline in striatal D2-like receptor (D2R) availability, quantifiable by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. In this study, we aimed to assess whether similar age effects can be discerned in rat brains, using in vivo molecular imaging with the radioactive compound [(11)C]-raclopride. We observed a robust decline in striatal [(11)C]-raclopride uptake in the aged rats in comparison to the young control group, comprising a 41% decrement in striatal binding potential. In accordance with human studies, these results indicate that substantial reductions in D2R availability can be measured in the aged striatal complex. Our findings suggest that rat and human brains exhibit similar biochemical alterations with age in the striatal dopaminergic system, providing support for the pertinence of rodent models in aging research.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Antagonistas de Dopamina/farmacocinética , Dopamina/metabolismo , Racloprida/farmacocinética , Animales , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Mapeo Encefálico , Isótopos de Carbono/farmacocinética , Masculino , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones/métodos , Unión Proteica/efectos de los fármacos , RatasRESUMEN
A three-year-old, female bulldog was presented with bilateral uveitis, apathy, listlessness, generalised lymphadenopathy and perivulvar haematoma. The initial laboratory studies showed non-regenerative anaemia, polyclonal gammopathy and a high urine protein:creatinine ratio. Serology for leishmaniosis was positive and treatment with allopurinol and meglumine antimoniate was started. Despite treatment, the dog's clinical condition deteriorated. Signs included cutaneous ecchymosis, respiratory distress and finally cardiorespiratory arrest. Histopathological studies of postmortem tissue samples revealed a generalised vasculitis of several internal organs and severe myocarditis. Leishmania species organisms were identified in affected tissues using immunoperoxidase labelling and PCR techniques.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Leishmaniasis/veterinaria , Miocarditis/veterinaria , Vasculitis/veterinaria , Animales , ADN Protozoario/análisis , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enfermedades de los Perros/sangre , Enfermedades de los Perros/parasitología , Perros , Femenino , Leishmania/aislamiento & purificación , Leishmaniasis/complicaciones , Leishmaniasis/diagnóstico , Miocarditis/etiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Vasculitis/etiologíaRESUMEN
A five-year-old male boxer, previously diagnosed with leishmaniasis and hypothyroidism, had gradually become unable to bear weight on its left hindlimb. Physical examination revealed a left popliteal lymphadenopathy, mild crepitus, and severe swelling of the left tarsal joint, a radiographic examination of which revealed severe bone destruction of the talus and a periosteal reaction of the calcaneus. Laboratory findings and serological tests suggested an active leishmanial infection, and a Leishmania species was identified by direct cytology of a sample from the osteolytic area and by indirect immunohistochemistry of a bone biopsy. The dog's condition improved when it was treated with meglumine antimonate and allopurinol. Because of the large osteolytic area and the increased use of the affected leg, a partial tarsal arthrodesis was performed to prevent a fracture. Five months after the surgery, the osteolytic area had healed completely and the calcaneus periosteal reaction had disappeared.