RESUMEN
The method of ultrathin serial sections was used to perform a comparative ultrastructural and 3-dimensional analysis of nucleoli for the following variants of human tumours: benign (fibroadenoma) and malignant (infiltrating ductal carcinoma) tumours of one organ (mammary gland); malignant tumours of epidermal genesis in different organs (squamous cell carcinomas of skin, larynx, lung, gullet, uterus); two forms of malignant tumours (squamous cell and small cell carcinomas) of one organ (lung). The spatial models of nucleoli in these tumour cells are given. The specific signs in architecture of tumour nucleoli was found. Nucleoli of fibroadenomas have well pronounced 1-4 fibrillar centres forming a united system with a lacunar component and intranucleolar chromatin. Unlike benign tumour cells, nucleoli of infiltrating ductal carcinomas are characterized by large, prominent nucleoli containing giant, multiform fibrillar centres with a complicated surface, a well developed granular component and an unusually organized lacunar system. In squamous cell carcinomas of various localization, active, hypertrophied nucleoli with pseudonucleolonemal organization were found. The small cell carcinoma of lung differs from the squamous cell cancer of the same organ by dense, fibrillar nucleoli with a small amount of granular component located on the periphery of the nucleolar body. Nucleolar type reflecting the functional state of malignization process may serve as an additional diagnostic criterion for tumour identification.
Asunto(s)
Nucléolo Celular/ultraestructura , Neoplasias/ultraestructura , Adenofibroma/ultraestructura , Neoplasias de la Mama/ultraestructura , Carcinoma Intraductal no Infiltrante/ultraestructura , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/ultraestructura , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/ultraestructura , Neoplasias Esofágicas/ultraestructura , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/ultraestructura , Neoplasias Pulmonares/ultraestructura , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica/métodos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/ultraestructura , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
Differences in ultrastructurally-differentiated and undifferentiated cells distribution were established in such non-invasive and invasive histological patterns of breast cancer as medullar carcinoma, mucinous, adenoid-cystic and lobular invasive cancer by means of electron microscopy. It was shown that a certain histological pattern is not necessarily matched by a relevant degree of ultrastructural differentiation of tumor cells. Tumor tissues of a similar histological pattern sometimes revealed different ratios of ultrastructurally-differentiated and undifferentiated cells, which may be responsible for the peculiarities in the clinical behavior of the said neoplasms. These data should be taken into account in establishing ultrastructural diagnosis as well as prognostic evaluation of the findings of electron microscopic examination in cases of non-invasive and certain invasive forms of breast tumors.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/ultraestructura , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/ultraestructura , Mama/ultraestructura , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/ultraestructura , Carcinoma in Situ/ultraestructura , Carcinoma Adenoide Quístico/ultraestructura , Carcinoma Intraductal no Infiltrante/ultraestructura , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica , Invasividad NeoplásicaRESUMEN
Ultrastructural analysis of mammary carcinoma (45 cases) and its metastasis in the lymph nodes (21 cases) revealed the tissue specific features of the mammary gland: big ducts and intercellular canaliculi, microvilli, various specialized cell-to-cell contacts, basal membrane. Tissue specific features are not associated with a certain organ. In mammary carcinoma, they are more pronounced in carcinomas in situ, invasive tumours of the 1st grade of malignancy (adenocarcinoma) and specific histologic variants. They are less pronounced in solid and scirrhous invasive tumours of the 2nd and especially 3rd grade of malignancy. However it is impossible to conclude about the anaplasia degree on the basis of the number of and the correlation between various tissue specific features. Metastasis retains the capacity of cancer cells to form the tissue specific ultrastructural elements. The tissue specific properties of mammary carcinoma determine the diagnosis in cases when the question on the tissue origin of the tumour is to be solved.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/ultraestructura , Mama/ultraestructura , Membrana Basal/ultraestructura , Epitelio/ultraestructura , Femenino , Humanos , Uniones Intercelulares/ultraestructura , Metástasis Linfática , Microscopía Electrónica , Microvellosidades/ultraestructura , Especificidad de ÓrganosRESUMEN
The ultrastructural analysis of the three main histological forms (adenocarcinoma, scirrhous carcinoma, and solid carcinoma) of infiltrative mammary gland carcinomas with regard to the histological grades of malignancy (I, II, III) has revealed that with the increase of the histological grade of malignancy the number of ultrastructurally differentiated cells decreased. No correlation between histological and ultrastructural findings has been found, however. In histologically highly differentiated adenocarcinomas of grade I of malignancy ultrastructurally nondifferentiated cells could mainly be found, but ultrastructurally differentiated cells predominated in a number of cases of histologically nondifferentiated scirrhous and solid carcinomas of grade III of malignancy. Some cases of histologically similar carcinomas showed predominance of ultrastructural differentiated cells, others of ultrastructurally nondifferentiated cells. These results should be taken into account in ultrastructural diagnosis and evaluation of prognostic significance of electron microscopic findings.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma Escirroso/ultraestructura , Adenocarcinoma/ultraestructura , Neoplasias de la Mama/ultraestructura , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma Escirroso/patología , Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica , Estadificación de NeoplasiasRESUMEN
The ultrastructural analysis of 40 cases of mammary carcinomas revealed two groups of cells: with ultrastructural organ specific features (differentiated cells) and without them (undifferentiated cells). Intracytoplasmic lumens, secretory granules (lipid, protein, and mixed lipid-protein), and myoepithelial cells are the main organ specific features of mammary carcinomas. The histospecific features showing the epithelial origin of the tumor cells include cell-to-cell contacts, ductules, intercytoplasmic lumens with microvilli, and fragments of basal lamina. These ultrastructural features of mammary carcinomas can facilitate the differential diagnosis of tumors of this organ.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/ultraestructura , Mama/ultraestructura , Adenocarcinoma/ultraestructura , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/ultraestructura , Carcinoma/ultraestructura , Carcinoma in Situ/ultraestructura , Carcinoma Intraductal no Infiltrante/ultraestructura , Femenino , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica , Especificidad de ÓrganosRESUMEN
Five main types are distinguished among differentiated (1st Group) and undifferentiated (2nd Group) cells of breast tumor. First Group includes types I, II and III of cells, while the 2nd Group-types IV and V. Type I has organ-specific features and a cytoplasm rich in organelles. Type II is characterized by organ-specific features and a cytoplasm. with a small amount of organelles. Type III is represented by myoepithelial cells. The cancer cells of the 2nd Group do not contain organ-specific features but they can be rich (type IV) or poor (type V) in organelles. All live types of cells can have the features of epithelial tissue and can be "light" or "dark". Such typing of cancer cells facilitates the differential diagnosis of breast carcinoma.