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OBJECTIVE: The study clarified differences in understanding and satisfaction between face-to-face and online training on radiation emergency medical preparedness (REMP) training. METHODS: The training was held at Hirosaki University between 2018 and 2022, with 46 face-to-face participants and 25 online participants. RESULTS: Face-to-face training was significantly more understandable than online for the use of the Geiger counter (P < 0.05), but the educational effect of virtual reality (VR) was not significantly different from the actual practice. For the team exercise of taking care of the victims, online resulted in a significantly higher understanding (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Interactive exercises can be done online with equipment sent to learners, and VR is also as effective. The use of videos was more effective for first-timers to learn the practical process from a bird's-eye view, especially for team-based medical procedures.
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Aprendizaje , Realidad Virtual , HumanosRESUMEN
Hirosaki University has regularly offered health support activities to residents of X town in Fukushima, and thus, some interactive benefits are expected as a service-learning experience for nursing students. This study aimed to clarify the experiences of students who participated in service-learning and consider which methods and content were effective. In total, 52 nursing students were recruited into the program, which was held from 2018 to 2021. The roles of students included assisting in health consultations related to a radiation disaster. Questionnaires designed by researchers with experience in risk communication programs were conducted on the students after the program, and included the reasons why they joined, their most memorable experiences, and their opinions regarding required support for residents. The data were analyzed by content analysis. The nursing students thought about the health of residents through health support activities in the affected areas. Furthermore, by communicating with residents via on-site service-learning, they could experience the humanity of the residents and the current status of the affected areas, learn the importance of person-to-person relationships, and think about reconstruction. Thus, service-learning was found to be effective and to offer substantial benefits for both residents and students in affected areas.
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INTRODUCTION: Health care educators are challenged with helping clinicians develop competencies beyond their foundational training. In health care systems where continuing professional development is not integral to practice, clinicians may have few opportunities. We describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a professional development program in patient safety for Japanese clinical educators to acquire simulation instructional skills and become Patient Safety Champions at their organizations. METHODS: Mixed methods were used in a longitudinal pre/post study design. The Kirkpatrick evaluation model was used to evaluate outcomes of a workshop, overall program, on-site training experiences, and impact as Patient Safety Champions. Self-assessment data on skills and knowledge of patient safety, simulation instructional methods, interprofessional collaboration, and leadership were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Eighty-nine percent of participants facilitated on-site patient safety training within 6 months of workshop completion. Skills and knowledge improvement were observed immediately postworkshop in four categories: patient safety, simulation instructional methods, interprofessional collaboration and communication, and leadership as a patient safety champion. Skills and knowledge increased at 6 months after facilitation of on-site safety training. Program mean satisfaction scores ranged from 84% to 92%. Mean Patient Safety Champion in-facility evaluations were 4.2 to 4.7 on a 5-point scale. DISCUSSION: High levels of knowledge, skill retention, and behavior change are attributed to goal setting, outcome-oriented pedagogy, and reflective sessions. The Patient Safety Champion model and experiential learning approach gave Japanese clinical educators in medicine, nursing, and pharmacy an opportunity to learn from each other in simulations reflecting the practice environment.
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Liderazgo , Seguridad del Paciente , Atención a la Salud , Humanos , Relaciones Interprofesionales , Estudios LongitudinalesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The spread of COVID-19 has made it difficult to provide training in medical treatment in a radiation disaster. In this study, we will examine the effects and challenges of using a hybrid approach that combines online and face-to-face components. METHODS: A total of 5 face-to face and 25 online medical staff participated in the training program. This program was conducted by using multiple cameras for live coverage, while protective clothing and decontamination kits had been sent in advance to the participants so that they could experience face-to-face and online learning at the same time. RESULTS: Participants reported a high level of satisfaction and achievement with the style of delivery. They also experienced problems such as fatigue due to long hours, and dissatisfaction with the debriefing. CONCLUSIONS: In designing new online training, it is necessary to consider the quantity and content of the program, and to take participant fatigue into consideration.
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COVID-19 , Desastres , Educación a Distancia , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , Pandemias/prevención & controlRESUMEN
Lindera umbellata (Lu) essential oil primarily contains linalool and has relaxation properties. We investigated the psychological and antibacterial effects of footbath with Lu essential oil. The participants included 20 women without medical history and received two intervention plans: footbath without any essential oil and footbath using Lu essential oil. Next, questionnaires regarding impressions and mood states were provided for them to answer. In addition, their autonomic nervous system activity was measured, and the aerobic viable of count on the feet was determined. The high-frequency value reflecting the parasympathetic nervous system activity significantly increased after footbath using Lu essential oil. In the questionnaire about the mood states, the subscale scores of tension-anxiety, depression, fatigue, and confusion after intervention were lower than those before intervention regardless of the use of the essential oil. Conversely, the anger-hostility score decreased only in the group using Lu essential oil. Furthermore, the decrease in aerobic viable count after intervention was not significantly different between the two groups. Footbath using Lu essential oil increased the parasympathetic nervous system activity and relieved anger. Taken together, we suggest that footbath using Lu essential oil has a relaxation effect.
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Afecto/efectos de los fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Lindera/química , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Monoterpenos Acíclicos/farmacología , Adulto , Aromaterapia/métodos , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Blackcurrant extract (BCE) ameliorates dyslipidemia in menopausal model animals and in elderly women at a risk of dyslipidemia. However, it is unknown whether the daily intake of BCE can prevent lipid abnormalities in healthy individuals. Lipids are essential for the body, but they also cause arteriosclerosis. In this noncomparative pilot study, we examined the effects of BCE administered for 29 days on serum lipids in young healthy women. Blood samples were collected before and on days 4 and 29 after BCE intake, and 20 lipoprotein fractions in the serum were separated using a gel-permeation high-performance liquid chromatography method to measure the triacylglycerol and cholesterol levels in lipoproteins. There were no effects on lipids on day 4 of BCE intake, but the total cholesterol level decreased on day 29. Furthermore, the levels of total very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, small VLDL cholesterol, and large low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly decreased. These results suggest that the daily intake of BCE has a hypocholesterolemic effect in healthy women, and that it is effective in preventing atherosclerosis.
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Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacología , Dislipidemias/tratamiento farmacológico , Lípidos/sangre , Lipoproteínas/sangre , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Ribes/química , Adulto , Dislipidemias/sangre , Dislipidemias/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Prolonged sleep is a higher stroke risk, but post-stroke prolonged sleep facilitates stroke recovery. No study has explored the relationship between pre- and post-stroke prolonged sleep and their involvement in stroke-related quality of life (QOL).This study aimed to clarify the role of pre- and post-stroke prolonged sleep in QOL and sleep quality during hospitalization. METHODS: Fifty-one subacute stroke inpatients were enrolled. QOL was assessed by the Stroke and Aphasia QOL Scale-39-J. Sleep quality and lifestyle values were assessed by original questionnaires. RESULTS: Patients in pre-stroke prolonged sleep > 8 h had a higher incidence of post-stroke poor sleep quality than those belonging to the normal or shorter hours (OR 5.33, 95% CI 1.30-21.84, p = 0.047). In addition, pre-stroke prolonged sleep was associated with lower scores of psychosocial QOL and lifestyle values of "accepting disability; caring about what other people think of what you do". In contrast, post-stroke prolonged sleep was associated with the lower risk of post-stroke poor sleep quality (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.08-0.86, p = 0.045). Post-stroke high sleep quality had higher (better) scores of physical and energy QOL, and lifestyle values of "caring about what other people think of what you do; having some places to go out after discharge" compared with post-stroke poor sleep quality. Post-stroke prolonged sleep was derived from pre-stroke not prolonged sleep rather than pre-stroke prolonged sleep (p = 0.039, Chi-square test). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-stroke prolonged sleep is associated with a higher incidence of post-stroke poor sleep quality and lower scores of QOL and lifestyle values after stroke.
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Calidad de Vida , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/epidemiología , Sueño/fisiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Accidente Cerebrovascular/psicología , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Estrogen exerts cardioprotective effects in menopausal women. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived substances exhibiting estrogenic activity that could beneficially affect vascular health. We previously demonstrated that blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) extract (BCE) treatment exerted beneficial effects on vascular health via phytoestrogenic activity in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, which are widely used as menopausal animal models. Here, we examined whether BCE treatment reduced elastin degradation and prevented pathological vascular remodeling in OVX rats fed a regular diet (OVX Control) or a 3% BCE-supplemented diet (OVX BCE), compared with sham surgery rats fed a regular diet (Sham) for 3 months. The results indicated a lower staining intensity of elastic fibers, greater elastin fragmentation, and higher α-smooth muscle actin protein expression in OVX Control rats than in OVX BCE and Sham rats. Pathological vascular remodeling was only observed in OVX Control rats. Additionally, we investigated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12 mRNA expression levels to elucidate the mechanism underlying elastin degradation, revealing significantly upregulated MMP-12 mRNA expression in OVX Control rats compared with that in Sham and OVX BCE rats. Together, we identify BCE as exerting a vascular protective effect through reduced MMP-12 expression and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. To our knowledge, this is the first report indicating that BCE might protect against elastin degradation and pathological vascular remodeling during menopause.
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Elastina/metabolismo , Fitoestrógenos/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Proteolisis/efectos de los fármacos , Ribes , Remodelación Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Dieta/métodos , Suplementos Dietéticos , Femenino , Menopausia/fisiología , Modelos Animales , Ovariectomía , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
Spontaneous platelet aggregation is a trigger for additional development of larger thrombi. Micro-aggregation is observed in 10% of diabetes approximately and blocked by P2Y12 inhibitors, whereas macro-aggregation is associated with overexpression of platelet α2-adrenoreceptors and is not blocked by conventional anti-platelet medicines. We examined the incidence of spontaneous platelet macro-aggregation (SPMA) in acute ischemic stroke and analyzed its clinical characteristics. Out of 665 consecutive acute ischemic strokes, SPMA was found in 10 patients (1.5%, one tenth of micro-aggregation) despite no detection in 588 control subjects. Types of ischemic stroke were 4 atherothrombotic, 4 cardioembolic, and 2 lacunar strokes. Stroke with SPMA exhibited higher (worse) values of modified Rankin Scales (mRS) at discharge (3.00 ± 0.53 vs 1.93 ± 0.07, p = 0.042 by Wilcoxon) compared with stroke without SPMA despite no difference at admission. The proportion of patients who were functionally independent (score 0-2 on the mRS) at discharge was lower in stroke with SPMA compared with stroke without SPMA (p < 0.05 by chi-square test; OR 3.60, 95% CI 1.08-12.03; RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.05-2.86). It was intriguing that severe (high magnitude) SPMA was observed in 4 atherothrombotic stroke. Although anti-platelet therapy underwent, the proportion of atherothrombotic patients who were functionally improved and independent at discharge was lower in the presence of SPMA compared with the absence of SPMA (p < 0.05 by chi-square test). The patients with SPMA were more likely to be older, having major disabilities, being less functionally improved during hospitalization, and being less functionally independent at discharge.
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Plaquetas/patología , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/patología , Agregación Plaquetaria , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/sangre , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/diagnóstico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Trombosis/sangre , Trombosis/diagnóstico , Trombosis/patologíaRESUMEN
Kuromoji (Lindera umbellata) is a tree that grows throughout Japan. The components of kuromoji essential oil have antitumor and aromatherapy effects. However, the composition of the hydrosol, obtained as a by-product of the essential oil process, is unknown. Furthermore, it is unknown whether kuromoji essential oil has a deodorizing effect. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to compare the chemical composition of kuromoji essential oil and hydrosol, as well as evaluate the deodorizing effect of the former. The chemical composition of samples was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, the deodorizing effect of Kuromoji essential oil was investigated with the detector tube method using ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and isovaleric acid. Linalool was the most abundant component in both the essential oil and hydrosol; however, its proportion was higher in the hydrosol (57.5%) than in the essential oil (42.8%). The hydrosol contained fewer chemical components, but higher proportions of trans-geraniol and ethanol. Moreover, the essential oil eliminated 50% of ammonia and 97.6% or more of isovaleric acid. Interestingly, linalool was soluble in the hydrosol and did not irritate the skin. This suggests that the hydrosol may be an effective foot care product.
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Monoterpenos Acíclicos/aislamiento & purificación , Desodorantes/aislamiento & purificación , Lindera/química , Aceites Volátiles/química , Aceites de Plantas/química , Monoterpenos Acíclicos/química , Monoterpenos Acíclicos/farmacología , Amoníaco/química , Desodorantes/farmacología , Etanol/química , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Hemiterpenos/química , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno/química , Japón , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Ácidos Pentanoicos/química , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Compuestos de Sulfhidrilo/químicaRESUMEN
Estrogen is involved in lipid metabolism. Menopausal women with low estrogen secretion usually gain weight and develop steatosis associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. A previous study showed that blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) extract (BCE) had phytoestrogen activity. In this study, we examined whether BCE improved lipid metabolism abnormalities and reduced liver steatosis in ovariectomized rats, as a menopausal animal model. Twelve-week-old ovariectomized (OVX) rats were fed a regular diet (Ctrl) or a 3% BCE supplemented diet while sham rats were fed a regular diet for three months. Body weight, visceral fat weight, levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol decreased in the BCE-treated OVX and sham rats, but not in OVX Ctrl rats. The results of hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that BCE decreased the diameters of adipocytes and the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score. Furthermore, quantitative RTPCR indicated a decreased expression of hepatitis-related genes, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-1ß in OVX rats after BCE treatment. This is the first study that reported improvement of lipid metabolism abnormalities in OVX rats by BCE administration. These results suggest that the intake of BCE alleviated dyslipidemia and prevented nonalcoholic steatohepatitis during menopause in this animal model.
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Dislipidemias/prevención & control , Hígado Graso/prevención & control , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Ribes/química , Adipocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Adiponectina/sangre , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Animales , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Peso Corporal , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Suplementos Dietéticos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Grasa Intraabdominal/efectos de los fármacos , Grasa Intraabdominal/metabolismo , Leptina/sangre , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Menopausia/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/prevención & control , Ovariectomía , Fitoestrógenos/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Triglicéridos/sangre , gamma-Glutamiltransferasa/sangreRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Blackcurrant anthocyanin (BCA) is expected to repair endothelial dysfunction, but it remains unclear whether beneficial effects are present in young healthy persons. This study examines whether supplements containing blackcurrant anthocyanin improve endothelial function and peripheral temperature in young smokers. METHODS: Young, healthy male nonsmokers (N group: n = 11; mean age 22 ± 2 years) and smokers (S group: n = 13; mean age 21 ± 1 years) were enrolled. A randomized and double-blind trial was designed to compare the effects of no supplement, a supplement containing 50 mg of blackcurrant anthocyanin (supplement A), and a supplement containing 50 mg of blackcurrant anthocyanin plus vitamin E (supplement B) on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and skin temperature. RESULTS: Under no supplement, FMD was unchanged during the 2 h period after smoking in the N group, whereas it was decreased during the 2 h period after smoking in the S group. Under the A supplement, FMD was decreased 1 h after smoking and returned to the baseline level 2 h after smoking in the S group. The skin temperature in the area of the foot dorsum was decreased in the S group after smoking compared with that in the N group, who did not smoke, whereas under A and B supplements, it was higher in the S group compared with that in the N group. CONCLUSIONS: BCA could attenuate the smoking-induced acute endothelial dysfunction and improve peripheral temperature in young smokers.
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Antocianinas/administración & dosificación , Células Endoteliales/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ribes/química , Adulto , Antocianinas/química , Método Doble Ciego , Células Endoteliales/patología , Endotelio Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Fumadores , Fumar/efectos adversos , Fumar/tratamiento farmacológico , Temperatura , Vasodilatación/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Aggregation of platelets is a trigger for additional development of larger thrombi. This study aimed to identify factors that may affect platelet aggregability and their role in clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients (nâ¯=â¯352) who were transferred within 24 hours after its onset were enrolled. Peripheral venous blood was sampled to measure platelet aggregability and other parameters. RESULTS: Mean values of spontaneous small-sized platelet aggregates and collagen- or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced large-sized aggregates were elevated in acute ischemic stroke. In atherothrombotic stroke (nâ¯=â¯178), collagen and ADP-induced large-sized aggregates were positively correlated with HbA1c, respectively. High incidence of the modified Rankin Scales (mRS) 5-6 at discharge was associated with diabetes complication (odds ratio [OR] 8.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32-57.56). The proportion of patients who were functionally independent (the mRS 0-2) at discharge was lower in the middle tertile of collagen and ADP-induced large-sized aggregates than their low tertile (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.09-5.58; OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.05-5.59, respectively). Prestroke administration of aspirin recovered the proportion of independence at discharge (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.06-0.99), and ameliorated incidence of the mRS 5-6. On logistic regression analysis, diabetes, HbA1c, collagen-induced large-sized aggregates, and prestroke administration of aspirin remained independent predictors of clinical outcomes in atherothrombotic stroke. In cardioembolic and lacunar stroke, no relations with clinical outcomes were found. CONCLUSIONS: High plasma level of HbA1c is involved in enhanced platelet aggregability in acute atherothrombotic stroke patients, and prestroke administration of aspirin may be beneficial to clinical outcomes.
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Aspirina/uso terapéutico , Plaquetas/efectos de los fármacos , Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus/sangre , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/uso terapéutico , Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Función Plaquetaria/métodos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Aspirina/efectos adversos , Biomarcadores/sangre , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/sangre , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Isquemia Encefálica/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Estudios Transversales , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos adversos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Recuperación de la Función , Factores de Riesgo , Accidente Cerebrovascular/sangre , Accidente Cerebrovascular/diagnóstico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Regulación hacia ArribaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Adherence to healthy lifestyle factors has been shown to improve outcomes after stroke. This study aimed to identify lifestyle factors about eating habits that may affect the quality of life (QOL) in elderly stroke patients. METHODS: Fifty elderly patients with a first-ever stroke were enrolled. QOL was assessed by the Stroke and Aphasia QOL Scale-39-J. Lifestyle factors about eating habits were collected using questionnaires (Questions 1-17) for the intake of salt, calcium, magnesium, potassium, taurine, fiber, and protein, and the frequency of breakfast. RESULTS: QOL of physical, communication, and psychosocial subdomains was better in the low (healthy) tertile of poststroke eating habits (Questions 1-17) compared with the high tertile of post-troke eating habits (Questions 1-17). This relationship appeared in eating habits except for salt intake but not in eating habits of salt intake and directly measured salt intake. Compared with prestroke eating habits score, poststroke eating habits score was decreased (improved) in 36 patients concerning eating habits of salt intake, but only in 12 patients concerning eating habits except for salt intake (P < .05 by chi-square test). Poststroke eating habits of calcium and magnesium were associated with better psychosocial QOL and better physical or energy QOL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Poststroke eating habits of calcium and magnesium were associated with QOL in elderly patients with a first-ever stroke. Since eating habits except for salt intake was poorly improved after stroke, intensive interventions regarding eating habits might be important.
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Dieta Saludable , Conducta Alimentaria , Calidad de Vida , Accidente Cerebrovascular/psicología , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Calcio/administración & dosificación , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Humanos , Magnesio/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estado Nutricional , Valor Nutritivo , Factores Protectores , Ingesta Diaria Recomendada , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta de Reducción del Riesgo , Cloruro de Sodio Dietético/administración & dosificación , Accidente Cerebrovascular/diagnóstico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/fisiopatología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/terapia , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Diet-induced metabolic acidosis is associated with the impairment of bone metabolism and an increased risk of a number of chronic noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Low serum bicarbonate is associated with high mortality in healthy older individuals. Recently, we demonstrated that both coupling factor 6 (CF6)-overexpressing transgenic (TG) and high salt-fed mice which had sustained intracellular acidosis, due to enhanced proton import through ecto-F1Fo complex and/or reduced proton export through Na+-K+ ATPase inhibition, displayed shortened lifespan and early senescence-associated phenotypes such as signs of hair greying and alopecia, weight loss, and/or reduced organ mass. In this study, we searched causative genes of proton-induced aging in CF6-overexpressing TG and high salt-fed mice. We discovered NM_026333 as a novel anti-aging gene which was downregulated in the heart and kidney in both types of mice. NM_026333 protein consists of 269 amino acids with transmembrane region (90-193aa). Induction of NM_026333 or recombinant protein rescued TG cells and CF6-treated human cells from aging hallmarks of impaired autophagy, genomic instability, and epigenetic alteration. NM_026333 protein directly bound plasma membrane Na+-Ca2+ exchanger 1 (NCX1) to suppress its reverse mode, and cancelled proton-induced epigenetic regression of Atg7 that was caused by H3K4 and H4K20 tri-methylation via suppression of demethylase and H4K5 acetylation via suppression of nuclear HDAC3-HDAC4-emerin system. NM_026333 also attenuated proton-induced impaired formation of autolysosome, an increase in nuclear acetylated LC3 II, and acetylation of Atg7. These effects reappeared by NCX1 inhibitor. Furthermore, NCX1 inhibitor extended lifespan compared with vehicle-treatment in TG mice. This study will shed light on novel aging mechanism and provide implications in a target for anti-aging therapy.
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ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Mitocondriales/metabolismo , Factores de Acoplamiento de la Fosforilación Oxidativa/metabolismo , Intercambiador de Sodio-Calcio/metabolismo , Envejecimiento/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Autofagia/genética , Autofagia/fisiología , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Inmunoprecipitación de Cromatina , Epigenómica , Inestabilidad Genómica/efectos de los fármacos , Inestabilidad Genómica/genética , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Ratones , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Mitocondriales/genética , Factores de Acoplamiento de la Fosforilación Oxidativa/genética , Protones , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Diet-induced metabolic acidosis is associated with the impairment of bone metabolism and an increased risk of a number of chronic noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The serum bicarbonate level is an independent predictor of chronic kidney disease progression. We investigated whether proton accelerates aging by analyzing both coupling factor 6-overexpressing transgenic (TG) and high salt-fed mice which display sustained intracellular acidosis, due to enhanced proton import through ecto-F1 Fo complex and/or reduced proton export through Na+ -K+ ATPase inhibition. Both types of mice displayed shortened lifespan and early senescence-associated phenotypes such as signs of hair greying and alopecia, weight loss, and/or reduced organ mass. In chronic intracellular acidosis mice, autophagy was impaired by regression of Atg7, an increase in nuclear acetylated LC3 II, and acetylation of Atg7. The increase in histone 3 trimethylation at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and H4K20me3 and the decrease in H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 were observed in the heart and kidney obtained from both TG and high salt-fed mice. The decrease in lamin A/C, emerin, and heterochromatin protein 1α without changes in barrier-to-autointegration factor and high-mobility group box 1 was confirmed in TG and high salt-fed mice. Suppression of nuclear histone deacetylase 3-emerin system is attributable to epigenetic regression of Atg7 and H4K5 acetylation. These findings will shed light on novel aging and impaired autophagy mechanism, and provide implications in a target for antiaging therapy.
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Envejecimiento/fisiología , Epigénesis Genética , Inestabilidad Genómica , Acidosis/etiología , Animales , Autofagia/fisiología , Proteína 7 Relacionada con la Autofagia/genética , Proteína 7 Relacionada con la Autofagia/metabolismo , Presión Sanguínea , Ensamble y Desensamble de Cromatina , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Transgénicos , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Mitocondriales/genética , Factores de Acoplamiento de la Fosforilación Oxidativa/genética , Protones , Cloruro de Sodio Dietético/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum L.) contain high levels of anthocyanin polyphenols, which have beneficial effects on health, owing to their antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived substances with estrogenic activity, which could have beneficial effects on the skin. Estradiol secretion decreases during menopause, reducing extracellular matrix (ECM) component production by skin fibroblasts. Using a normal human female skin fibroblast cell line (TIG113) and ovariectomized rats, the present study investigated whether an anthocyanin-rich blackcurrant extract (BCE) and four blackcurrant anthocyanins have novel phytoestrogenic activities that could benefit the skin in menopausal women. In TIG113 cells, a microarray and the Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis showed that 1.0 µg/mL of BCE upregulated the expression of many estrogen signaling-related genes. A quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed that BCE (1.0 or 10.0 µg/mL) and four types of anthocyanins (10 µM) altered the mRNA expression of ECM proteins and enzymes involved in ECM turnover. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that the anthocyanins stimulated the expression of ECM proteins, such as collagen (types I and III) and elastin. Dietary administration of 3% BCE to ovariectomized rats for 3 months increased skin levels of collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid. This is the first study to show that blackcurrant phytoestrogens have beneficial effects on skin experimental models.
Asunto(s)
Antocianinas/farmacología , Colágeno/metabolismo , Elastina/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Hialurónico/metabolismo , Ribes/química , Animales , Antocianinas/química , Femenino , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Ovariectomía , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Piel/citologíaRESUMEN
High sodium, high glucose, and obesity are important risk factors for age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVDs), stroke, and cancer. Coupling factor 6 (CF6) is released from vascular endothelial cells and functions as a circulating peptide that inhibits prostacyclin and nitric oxide generation by intracellular acidosis. High glucose elevates CF6 by activation of protein kinase C and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, whereas CF6 causes type 2 diabetes mellitus, resulting in a high glucose vicious cycle. Low glucose increases inhibitory factor peptide 1, an endogenous inhibitor of CF6. High salt intake increases CF6 through nuclear factor κB signaling, whereas CF6 induces salt-sensitive hypertension and salt-induced congestive heart failure. Oral administration of vitamin C cancels salt-induced increase in CF6, and estrogen replacement leads to the delayed onset of CF6-induced salt-sensitive hypertension and the rescue from cardiac systolic dysfunction. Because CF6 contributes to the onset of CVDs, nutritional regulation of CF6 will shed light on the understanding of preventive strategy and mechanisms for CVDs and a target for therapy.