RESUMEN
The values of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of penicillin were determined using the agar-dilution method for 114 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated during 1994 in the patients treated in hospital and outpatient clinics. Diminished susceptibility to penicillin was determined in 50 (43.8%) strains. High level of penicillin resistance was observed in 12 (10.5%) strains. Streptococcus pneumoniae cannot any more be regarded as the agent with presumed susceptibility to penicillin, but every isolated strain must be tested.
Asunto(s)
Resistencia a las Penicilinas , Streptococcus pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Streptococcus pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
In 24 patients with bacterial pneumonia, reliability of the samples routinely taken for etiologic diagnosis (sputum, throat swab, bronchial brushing, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid--BALF, blood, pleural fluid) was determined. Organisms detected in blood, pleural fluid, transbronchial biopsy (TBB) or percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy (PTNAB) samples were considered as truly causative, whereas those isolated in at least two various samples from a single patient were considered as presumably causative. Most sensitive diagnostic samples were BALF, TBB and PTNAB (100% each). However, the specificity of BALF was very low (17%). Bronchial aspirate was highly sensitive (95%) but not specific (14%). Bronchial brushing was sensitive (86%) but its specificity low (14%). Sputum was hardly sensitive (40%) and had no specificity. Throat swab had virtually no diagnostic value because of its low sensitivity (10.5%) and specificity (50%).
Asunto(s)
Broncoscopía , Neumonía Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neumonía Bacteriana/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Bacterial flora of burn wound smears and hemocultures of 25 patients with burns have been followed up and analysed in the period of one year. Pseudomonas auruginosa have been most commonly isolated from burn wound smears, in 406 (5.6%) and Staphylococcus aureus, in 371 (47.14) samples. The most important hemoculture isolates has been Staphylococcus aureus found in 34 (57.6%) of samples. One multiresistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus represented 91% of all Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from hemocultures and 84% from burn wound smears. Serologic and pyocin typing of Pseudomonas auruginosa proved the presence of several epidemic strains.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/microbiología , HumanosRESUMEN
Methycillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the important causative agent of intrahospital infections (IHI) which could have epidemic character. Typization of strains is necessary for control of these infections. Fifty eight strains of MRSA with specific resistance to antibacterial agents have been isolated from patients at different clinics of our hospital. The determination of resistotype, biotype and plasmid profiles of these and control strains of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) was aimed at confirmation whether identical strains were in questions. Biotypization showed no difference between the studied and control strains while determination of the plasmid profile proved the presence of an epidemic strain which caused infection in several clinics of our hospital.
Asunto(s)
Resistencia a la Meticilina , Staphylococcus aureus/clasificación , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains is the necessary precondition for the study and control of intrahospital infection caused by this microorganism. Since O-serotype is considered to be the basic epidemiological marker we have studied presence and distribution of some O-serotypes of 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from 131 patients. The following O-serotypes have been most frequently found: O11 (21%), O6 (18%) and O12 (16%). The combination of sero and pyocin typing proved the presence of epidemic strains at departments of burns and orthopedics.
Asunto(s)
Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/clasificación , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Humanos , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/microbiología , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/metabolismo , Piocinas/metabolismo , SerotipificaciónRESUMEN
Occurrence of methicillin resistant staphylococcal strains in hospital environment is more frequently found. These strains are multiresistant so that diseases caused by them require a special therapeutical approach. They are significant causative agents of intrahospital infections which may have epidemic character. Using two methods for detection of methicillin resistant staphylococcus 335 strains were tested. Methicillin resistance was found in 36 (20.6%) of 175 strains of St. aureus and 49 (30.5%) strains of coagulase negative staphylococci. The largest number of methicillin resistant strains is isolated from materials of patients hospitalized at surgical and hematological clinics.
Asunto(s)
Microbiología Ambiental , Meticilina/farmacología , Staphylococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana , Hospitales , Staphylococcus/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Over the period from January 1985 to July 1986 2038 samples of the patients with open wounds and burns, treated in the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade, were tested. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was found in 152 samples (7.45%). The sensitivity to standard hemotherapeutics for Gram-negative bacteria was assessed. Results indicated that Acinetobacter calcoaceticus showed a high resistance to all hemotherapeutics used in this investigation. Even if it was a opportunistic pathogen bacterium its clinical importance was great because in some conditions this bacterium could cause long-lasting and hard infectious treatment.