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In 59 patients with cancer of the vulva, levels of ACTH, FSH, thyrotropin, prolactin, somatotropin, cortisol, triiodothyronine, thyroxin, testosterone, progesterone and estradiol were measured in blood whereas those of 17-HOCS, 17-CS and estrogens--in urine. Hormonal imbalance was established at all levels of the endocrine system, viz. increased concentrations of cortisol and 17-HOCS, decreased ACTH level, shift in androgen/estrogen and androgen/progestin ratios towards testosterone, lowered FSH and somatotropin output and elevated blood-prolactin level.

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Levels of tropic hormones of the pituitary, glucocorticoids and male and female sex hormones were assayed in 17 cases of kraurosis and leukoplakia of the vulva prior to treatment. Most patients revealed an abnormally high androgen/estrogen ratio, elevated level of glucocorticoids and low concentrations of thyrotropic hormone, prolactin and T3. The above disturbances are closely related and interdependent.

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A relatively more favorable course of lung cancer and higher survival rates observed in female patients than in males make the case for further study of the problem. Endocrine system study group included female lung cancer patients. Blood-ACTH, FSH, LH, STH, T3 and T4 as well as F, 17-CS and estrogen excretion with urine were followed prior to, immediately and long after treatment in 25 menopausal and 11 premenopausal cases (at folliculin phase). Most patients revealed increased levels of free hydrocortisone in blood and urine matched by a lowered excretion of 17-CS. Hyperproduction of ACTH was registered in 40%, whereas 60% showed subnormal concentrations of said hormone. On the average, the levels of estrogens were increased, gonadotropin--decreased, T3--below normal concentrations and T4 and STH--within norm. TTH levels showed a wide-range variation: half that in healthy females-20%, and much higher than in healthy one-65%. Concentration of F was close to normal 15-20 days after surgery while ACTH and 17-CS--after one year. The levels of the other hormones remained virtually unchanged within 1-3 years.

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The levels of steroid (17-HOCS, 17-CS and estrogens) and tropic (FSH, LH and ACTH) hormones were assayed and analysed versus histologic pattern and efficacy of combined therapy of tumor in 39 cases of testicular cancer. Decreased level of sex hormones matched by increased concentration of gonadotropins occurred in most patients: marked rise in FSH was observed in seminoma and that in LH--in teratoblastoma and embryonal cancer. Increased levels of 17-HOCS, estradiol, FSH and LH were observed in cases who did not respond to treatment, while lowered concentrations of FSH and LH--in cases of effective treatment. Tropic hormone and 17-HOCS concentrations were registered in cases of relapse.

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An analysis of the rates of steroid hormone excretion and survival time in patients who had undergone radical surgery for lung cancer showed that the said rates may be used as a prognostic variable. Excretion rates of total 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and hydrocortisone proved to be of the highest prognostic value in patients aged 41-50, while in an older age bracket the best results were obtained with androsterone and estrone level measurements.

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Based on cytological assays of the sputum and biochemical analysis of blood in lung cancer patients, it was found that the character of cells of inflammatory series and the intensity of macrophage reaction in association with the altered level of sialic acid, and the presence of C-reactive protein in blood serum may serve for prognostication of the affection course.

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The results of studying the steroid hormones excretion in 90 patients with lung squamous-cell cancer under chemo-radiation therapy are reported. It is shown that an effective treatment is associated with certain changes in the excretion of androsterone, 11 OH 17KS, estradiol, cortisol and pregnanediol.

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As a result of examining the urine excretion of 17-OCS, 17-KS, estrogens and the concentration of protein bound iodine and butanolextractable iodine in blood of patients with benign and malignant ovarian tumors, there were found some deviations from the normal hormonal balance in all these patients. These deviations were manifested in a delayed transformation of cortisol to cortisone, in a shifted androgeno-estrogenic balance toward estrogen active fractions, and in the reduced production of thyroid hormones. In ovarian cancer, however, these changes were manifested to a greater extent.

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Study on the balance of sex hormones in 43 males and 45 females with gastric cancer indicated the presence of some deviations from normal level of androgens and estrogens excretion in gastric cancer patients. The character and intensity of the deviations observed were dependent on patients' sex and stage of the disease. In males the leading factor in sex hormones excretion disorders is a regular decrease both of 17-KS and estrogens, and only in stage UV hyperestrogenization phenomena are observed on account of active estrogens being predominant over androsterone. In females relative hyperestrogenization was observed already in stage III on acount of androsterone decrease, while in stage IV--due to reduction of total 17-KS in normal level of total enstrogens.

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Under study was the excretion of 17-OCS and 17-KS in 2 male groups operated upon for lung cancer. The first group comprised 25 patients with the postoperative survival for less than a year. The second group-28 patients, whose survival was over 5 years postoperatively. In terms of 17-OCS excretion both groups were found to be identical: the level of 17OCS in them was normal. The excretion of 17-KS in patients of both groups proved to be considerably lower than normal values. However, in patients of the second group the level of 17-KS was higher, compared with the first group, mainly on account of androsterone. Thus, the balance of steroid hormones of glucocorticoid and androgenic series as well as the correlation between them may serve as a criterion of the prognosis for operated lung cancer patients.

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