RESUMEN
Electrocardiograms of Salyut-6 prime crew-members recorded during their exercises on a bicycle ergometer and treadmill are presented. ECG were recorded by a portable tape recorder Cardiocassette and transmitted to the Earth via the radiocommunication channel. This procedure helped to better understand cardiovascular adaptation to different workloads, including submaximal, as well as reserve abilities of the body at various flight stages. This can be used advantageously to correct and control the training process as well as to predict the cardiovascular status at the final flight stage.
Asunto(s)
Frecuencia Cardíaca , Contracción Miocárdica , Vuelo Espacial , Evaluación de Capacidad de Trabajo , Adaptación Fisiológica , Electrocardiografía , Prueba de Esfuerzo , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de Tiempo , U.R.S.S.RESUMEN
It was found that there was a distinct redistribution of body masses in 18 test subjects exposed to 6-month hypokinesia. Six of them (who did not exercise) showed losses of muscle mass (primarily antigravity muscles) and gain of adipose mass, and 12 test subjects (who exercised as a countermeasure against hypokinetic effects) displayed insignificant losses of muscle mass and significant gain of adipose mass.
Asunto(s)
Peso Corporal , Movimiento , Esfuerzo Físico , Tejido Adiposo/fisiología , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Músculos/fisiología , Tamaño de los Órganos , Especificidad de ÓrganosRESUMEN
The paper describes the effect of exercises, LBNP, controlled water and salt consumption, and drugs used as countermeasures against cardiovascular deconditioning during prolonged (2--7 weeks) head-down bed rest. Each of the above countermeasures applied separately had a limited effect. The use of a combination of exercises, LBNP and water-salt supplements at the final stage of the bed rest experiment made it possible to prevent entirely deterioration of work capacity and decrease of orthostatic tolerance of the test subject. The paper presents the scheme and regimens of the above countermeasures employed to meet the requirements of the flights of the orbital station "Salyut".