RESUMEN
A 59-year-old black man who received a cadaveric renal transplant 15 months earlier developed subcutaneous nodules on his right upper extremity that were identified as phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala jeanselmei. The man was admitted 4 weeks later with a swollen left arm and had Nocardia asteroides in this area and in the apex of his left lung. He was treated with surgical excision, and itraconazole, imipenem-cilastatin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. With the potential presence of more than one microorganism in an immunocompromised patient, it is important to identify and differentiate them correctly to direct appropriate therapy.
Asunto(s)
Exophiala/fisiología , Terapia de Inmunosupresión/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Micosis/etiología , Nocardiosis/etiología , Brazo/microbiología , Humanos , Pulmón/microbiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Micosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Nocardiosis/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Disseminated Acanthamoeba infections are almost invariably fatal, with no universally accepted standard for treatment. Reports of acanthamoebiasis in non-human-immunodeficiency-virus infected hosts are rare. We successfully treated a lung transplant patient who had disseminated acanthamoebiasis using a combination of pentamidine, 5-fluorocytosine, itraconazole, and topical chlorhexidine gluconate/ketoconazole cream.
Asunto(s)
Acanthamoeba , Amebiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Animales , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Antiprotozoarios/uso terapéutico , Azitromicina/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Itraconazol/uso terapéutico , Trasplante de Pulmón , Pentamidina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
A case of cavitary lung disease caused by Fusarium solani in a lung transplant recipient is presented. A mechanism for development of this infection is proposed. Lipid complex amphotericin B (Abelcet) was effective in eradicating this infection. To our knowledge, invasive lung disease caused by the Fusarium species has not been previously reported in a solid organ transplant recipient.
Asunto(s)
Fusarium , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/diagnóstico , Trasplante de Pulmón/efectos adversos , Micosis/diagnóstico , Anfotericina B/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Combinación de Medicamentos , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Micosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Fosfatidilcolinas/uso terapéutico , Fosfatidilgliceroles/uso terapéutico , Microbiología del SueloRESUMEN
Opiate premedication may cause significant respiratory depression, particularly when other sedative agents such as scopolamine or benzodiazepines are added. This can cause hypoxaemia with potential for worsening myocardial ischaemia in cardiac surgery patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of hypoxaemia (SpO2 < 90%) in elective patients undergoing cardiac surgery and to assess the efficacy of supplemental oxygen in preventing it. One hundred elective patients without significant respiratory disease or cardiac failure, who received both an opiate and a sedative premedication, were prospectively randomized to receive either oxygen via a facemask at 4 l/min or no oxygen. Continuous arterial oxygen saturation was recorded using a pulse oximeter from the time of premedication until the patient arrived in theatre. An SpO2 < 90% was recorded as a significant event and oxygen was administered to the patients. Six patients were excluded because of equipment failure or protocol violations. The patient groups were comparable with respect to patient demographics, premedication type and dose or the duration of monitoring. In patients receiving oxygen (n = 48) there were no episodes of hypoxaemia (0%). In patients not receiving oxygen (n = 46) there were 14 episodes of hypoxaemia (30%, P < 0.0001). We conclude that there is a significantly high incidence of hypoxaemia in cardiac surgery patients following combined opiate and sedative premedication and that it can be reduced by the routine administration of supplemental oxygen.