RESUMEN
A microbial ecosystem is a complex community of multiple bacterial interactions. The potential role of gut microbiota in human health has already attracted the attention of many researchers. Dysregulation of the gut microbial community has been suggested to be closely associated with the progression of various chronic diseases. Malignant neoplasms represent a major global health burden and are now the leading cause of death. The formation of tumors is often thought to be influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Recent research advances have indicated that multiple malignancies may also be attributed to the gut microbiota. In this review, we highlight the complex interactions between gut microbes and their metabolites, as well as the potential impact of gut microecology on the occurrence and development of tumors. In addition, potential strategies for targeted therapy of tumors using gut microecology are discussed. In the near future, intestinal microecology is likely to be used for early screening of tumors and subsequent clinical treatment.
Asunto(s)
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Microbiota , Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias/terapia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiología , Bacterias/metabolismoRESUMEN
Nitrogen (N) labeled with 15N was evenly added into plots of moss-dominated biological soil crusts (BSCs) and bare soil on the Chinese Loess Plateau. After that, the surface BSCs and bare soil samples were continuously collected within 1-30 days. The 15N content of each N fraction in soil, microorganisms, and mosses was measured for each sample. The effects of BSCs on soil N fate and cycling was determined through analyzing the differences in the distribution of 15N fractions between the BSCs and bare soil. Our results showed that: 1) The 15N content of total N (TN), microbial biomass N (MBN), and dissolved organic N (DON) in the BSCs was 2.9, 17.5, and 9.0 times higher than that in the bare soil, respectively. The 15N content of moss plants in the BSCs was 4.73 mg kg-1. 2) The residual rate of 15N in the BSCs and bare soil was 13.0% and 3.3%, respectively, indicating that the N fixing and holding ability of BSCs was four times higher than that of bare soil. The percentage of each 15N fraction in T15N in the BSCs was in the order of MBN (54.3%)>moss plant N (22.5%)>DON (6.2%), while that in the bare soil was in the order of MBN (11.5%)>DON (2.6%). Over all, microorganisms and mosses in the BSCs had 65.3% higher capacity of N fixation as compared with the bare soil. 3) The transferred amount and storage capacity of MB15N in the BSCs were 17.2 and 20.5 times higher than that in the bare soil, respectively. Accordingly, the turnover rate of MB15N in the BSCs and bare soil was 5.8 and 7.2 times per month, respectively, with the turnover time of MB15N in the BSCs being 1.2 times longer than that in bare soil. In conclusion, BSCs fix and hold more N than bare soil and change the distribution of each N fraction, implying that BSCs play a critical role in N cycling in dryland ecosystems.