RESUMEN
Anthelmintic resistance (AR) has thus far only rarely been reported for intestinal helminths of dogs and cats, in contrast to parasites of livestock and horses. We highlight possible reasons for this striking and important discrepancy, including ecological, biological and genetic factors and/or intervention regimens of key intestinal helminths concerning both host groups. In view of the current knowledge related to the genetics, mechanisms and principles of AR development, we point at issues which in our view contribute to a comparatively lower risk of AR development in intestinal helminths of dogs and cats. Finally, we specify research needs and provide recommendations by which, based on the available information about AR in ruminant and equine helminths, the development of AR in dog and cat helminths may best be documented, prevented or at least postponed.
Asunto(s)
Antihelmínticos , Enfermedades de los Gatos , Enfermedades de los Perros , Helmintos , Animales , Antihelmínticos/farmacología , Antihelmínticos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Gatos/tratamiento farmacológico , Gatos , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Perros/prevención & control , Perros , Resistencia a Medicamentos/genética , Helmintos/genética , Caballos , RumiantesRESUMEN
Following confirmation that a remote village of approximately 300 inhabitants in northern Lao PDR was hyperendemic for the Neglected Tropical Disease Taenia solium, a pilot human-porcine therapeutic control intervention was implemented between October 2013 and November 2014. Mass drug administration with a three day albendazole 400mg protocol was offered to all eligible humans in October 2013 and March 2014. At these times, and again in October 2014, eligible village pigs received the anti-cysticercosis TSOL18 vaccination and an oral dose of oxfendazole anthelmintic at 30mg/kg, both repeated one month later. Community and individual human taeniasis prevalences were estimated via copro-antigen ELISA of volunteered human faecal samples prior to October 2013, and again in January 2015, in order to examine the short term impact of the intervention.
Asunto(s)
Albendazol/uso terapéutico , Antihelmínticos/uso terapéutico , Cisticercosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Heces/parasitología , Sus scrofa/parasitología , Taenia solium/efectos de los fármacos , Teniasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Cisticercosis/prevención & control , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Humanos , Laos/epidemiología , Proyectos Piloto , Prevalencia , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/prevención & control , Teniasis/epidemiología , VacunaciónRESUMEN
Following confirmation that a remote village of approximately 300 inhabitants in northern Lao PDR was hyperendemic for the Neglected Tropical Disease Taenia solium, a pilot human-porcine therapeutic control intervention was implemented between October 2013 and November 2014. Mass drug administration with a three day albendazole 400mg protocol was offered to all eligible humans in October 2013 and March 2014. At these times, and again in October 2014, eligible village pigs received the anti-cysticercosis TSOL18 vaccination and an oral dose of oxfendazole anthelmintic at 30mg/kg, both repeated one month later. Community and individual human taeniasis prevalences were estimated via copro-antigen ELISA of volunteered human faecal samples prior to October 2013, and again in January 2015, in order to examine the short term impact of the intervention.
Asunto(s)
Antihelmínticos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/parasitología , Taenia solium/aislamiento & purificación , Teniasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Teniasis/prevención & control , Vacunación , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Albendazol/uso terapéutico , Animales , Bencimidazoles/uso terapéutico , Cisticercosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Cisticercosis/epidemiología , Cisticercosis/prevención & control , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Heces/parasitología , Femenino , Humanos , Laos/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos Piloto , Prevalencia , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
As part of an ongoing program assessing the biodiversity and impacts of parasites in Arctic ungulates we examined 72 fecal samples from muskoxen on Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada for Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Cryptosporidium spp. were not detected, but 21% of the samples were positive for Giardia. Sequencing of four isolates of Giardia demonstrated G. duodenalis, Assemblage A, a zoonotic genotype.