RESUMEN
AIM: The purpose of this study is to screen the neonatal conjunctivitis in order to evaluate its incidence and especially to seek for the causative germs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have realized cross-sectional study in three health centers of the prefecture of Kozah from March 24 to May 12, 2009. All the newborns followed in these centers are examined in the search of signs of conjunctivitis. A biological diagnosis of conjunctival secretions was carried out at the suspect newborns. RESULTS: During the study period, 348 newborns were examined including 185 boys and 163 girls corresponding to a sex-ratio (M/F) of 1.1. The middle age was 3.7 days. Twenty-eight newborns presented conjunctivitis, that is to say a rate of incidence of 8%. The cases of conjunctivitis were observed the first four days of life in 39.3% of cases. Eighteen of the newborns presenting conjunctivitis were vaginal deliveries (64.3%) against ten (35.7%) by caesarian. All the mothers of the ill newborns had a syndrome of sexually transmissible infection (STI) during the third quarters of pregnancy. After biological diagnosis, Staphylococcus aureus was found in 25% of the cases. CONCLUSION: Despite the common herd of neonatal conjunctivitis prophylaxis by Crede's method, its remains in the prefecture of Kozah. In hope for neonatal conjunctivitis eradication, treatment of STI on pregnant women associated to education and communication on the prevention of the infection in neonatal health care centers and at home by hygiene rule application are necessary.