RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The outbreak of a new coronavirus, first reported in Wuhan, China, is spreading around the world. Information on the characteristics of children with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we recruited 10 children infected with SARS-COV-2 from January 27 to March 10, 2020, in Changsha, China. We report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and high-resolution CT findings for these children. Qualitative descriptive analysis was used to describe the key results. RESULTS: Ten children were included. Three were male and seven were female. Three were from Wuhan, Hubei Province, and seven were from Changsha. All had a history of close contact with adults with COVID-19 before the onset of disease. Clinical manifestations included fever in four cases, respiratory symptoms in three cases, febrile convulsions in one case, vomiting in one case, abdominal pain in one case, and asymptomatic infection in two cases. All the children tested positive for nucleic acid in throat swabs at admission. Stool swabs of three cases were positive for nucleic acid after several days of fever. In nine children, blood routine results were normal, whereas in one case the white blood cell count was elevated. In four cases, CT findings of the lungs showed light ground-glass opacities, one case showed changes similar to bronchopneumonia, and the remaining cases were normal. All were treated with symptomatic support without complications. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that intrafamily transmission may be the main form of transmission of COVID-19 in children, and persistent intestinal excretion of virus is another characteristic among children. The results of stool swab tests should be considered for discharge and release from isolation.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Heces/virología , Pulmón/virología , Neumonía Viral/diagnóstico , Dolor Abdominal/epidemiología , Dolor Abdominal/etiología , Infecciones Asintomáticas/epidemiología , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/patología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/transmisión , Femenino , Fiebre/virología , Humanos , Lactante , Pulmón/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral/patología , Neumonía Viral/transmisión , Investigación Cualitativa , Estudios Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Several heart failure (HF) risk models exist, however, most of them perform poorly when applied to real-world situations. This study aimed to develop a convenient and efficient risk model to identify patients with high readmission risk within 90 days of HF. METHODS: A multivariate logistic regression model was used to predict the risk of 90-day readmission. Data were extracted from electronic medical records from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017 and follow-up records of patients with HF within 3 months after discharge. Model performance was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic curve. All statistical analysis was done using R version 3.5.0. RESULTS: A total of 350 patients met the inclusion criterion of being readmitted within in 90 days. All data sets were randomly divided into derivation and validation cohorts at a 7/3 ratio. The baseline data were fairly consistent among the derivation and validation cohorts. The variables most clearly related to readmission were logarithm of serum N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level, red cell volume distribution width (RDW-CV), and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). The model had good discriminatory ability (C-statistic = 0.73). CONCLUSIONS: We developed and validated a multivariate logistic regression model to predict the 90-day readmission risk for Chinese patients with HF. The predictors included in the model are derived from electronic medical record (EMR) admission data, making it easier for physicians and pharmacists to identify high-risk patients and tailor more intensive precautionary strategies.
Asunto(s)
Registros Electrónicos de Salud , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Readmisión del Paciente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Péptido Natriurético Encefálico/sangre , Alta del Paciente , Fragmentos de Péptidos/sangre , Curva ROC , Medición de RiesgoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogens isolated from children with bronchopneumonia. METHODS: The distribution and the results of susceptibility tests of 272 strains of gram-negative Bacillis isolated from children with bronchopneumonia during 2009 were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the isolates, the common pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. The extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBLs) production rate was 52.9%. Compared with the non-ESBLs producing strains, ESBLs-producing strains had a significantly higher drug resistance rate to many antibiotics except amikacin and meropenem (P<0.05). The lowest resistance to ESBLs producing gram negative strains was found for meropenem (0.7%), followed by imipenem, amikacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam. CONCLUSIONS: More attentions should be paid to the high rate of drug-resistance of ESBLs producing strains in children. Antimicrobial therapy should be based on the results of drug resistance surveillance.