RESUMEN
Objetivo. Describir la percepción y el conocimiento de pacientes y profesionales sanitarios (PS) sobre los factores que influyen en la calidad y continuidad asistencial de los cuidados prestados en atención primaria a personas diabéticas. Material y métodos. Estudio cualitativo de trayectoria fenomenológica. Participantes: profesionales médicos y de enfermería que trabajan en diferentes centros de atención primaria de Zaragoza y pacientes con diabetes atendidos en esos centros. Entre febrero y marzo de 2010 se realizaron 2 entrevistas grupales (grupos de discusión) y 6 individuales. Se siguió un guión preestablecido con las variables a explorar. Resultados. Los pacientes y profesionales entrevistados identificaron dificultades para asumir la diabetes como una enfermedad crónica. Se observaron como factores relacionados con problemas en el cambio de hábitos y estilos de vida el sexo (las mujeres mostraron mayores dificultades para el cambio), el tipo de trabajo y la situación de actividad laboral. Por parte de los profesionales entrevistados, se identificaron como factores favorecedores la existencia de guías y protocolos y la motivación personal, y como factores que dificultan la asistencia, la falta de tiempo y los sistemas de información existentes. Hay discrepancias entre los profesionales respecto al papel de grupos de pacientes y asociaciones. Conclusiones. En el diseño de intervenciones para la modificación de estilos de vida de los pacientes diabéticos se deben tener en cuenta las dificultades para el cambio ligadas al sexo y la situación laboral de los pacientes(AU)
Objective. To describe the knowledge and perceptions of patients and health professionals on the factors that influence the quality and continuity of care of diabetic patients provided in Primary Care. Material and methods. A qualitative study using a phenomenological perspective. Participants. Medical and nursing professionals working in Primary Care Centres in the city of Zaragoza, and patients with diabetes mellitus attended in the same centres. Two group (focus group) and 6 individual interviews were carried out in February and March 2010. A predetermined script, with the variables to explore, was used. Results. The patients and health professionals interviewed identified problems in assuming diabetes as a chronic disease. Among the factors related to success in changing habits and lifestyles, were gender (women showed greater difficulties to change), type of job and work situation. Health professionals identified the availability of guidelines and protocols, and personal motivation as factors that work in favour; and lack of time and current information systems as factors that hamper the provision of good quality care. There were discrepancies among health professionals as regards the role played by patient groups and associations. Conclusions. It is important to take into account the factors that make changes in habits and lifestyles difficult, such as gender and the employment situation, when designing actions aimed at modifying risk factors in diabetic patients(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus/prevención & control , Investigación Cualitativa , /métodos , /organización & administración , /tendencias , Calidad de la Atención de Salud/legislación & jurisprudencia , Calidad de la Atención de Salud/organización & administración , Calidad de la Atención de Salud/normas , Estilo de Vida , Indicadores de Calidad de Vida , Indicadores de Calidad de la Atención de Salud/legislación & jurisprudencia , Indicadores de Calidad de la Atención de Salud/organización & administración , Indicadores de Calidad de la Atención de Salud/normas , Estándar de Identidad y Calidad de Productos y ServiciosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the knowledge and perceptions of patients and health professionals on the factors that influence the quality and continuity of care of diabetic patients provided in Primary Care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A qualitative study using a phenomenological perspective. PARTICIPANTS: Medical and nursing professionals working in Primary Care Centres in the city of Zaragoza, and patients with diabetes mellitus attended in the same centres. Two group (focus group) and 6 individual interviews were carried out in February and March 2010. A predetermined script, with the variables to explore, was used. RESULTS: The patients and health professionals interviewed identified problems in assuming diabetes as a chronic disease. Among the factors related to success in changing habits and lifestyles, were gender (women showed greater difficulties to change), type of job and work situation. Health professionals identified the availability of guidelines and protocols, and personal motivation as factors that work in favour; and lack of time and current information systems as factors that hamper the provision of good quality care. There were discrepancies among health professionals as regards the role played by patient groups and associations. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to take into account the factors that make changes in habits and lifestyles difficult, such as gender and the employment situation, when designing actions aimed at modifying risk factors in diabetic patients.