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Abstract Introduction: Human resources are the pillars of the health system, requiring people who are talented and committed, and optimal working conditions to meet the health needs of the population. Anesthetists are an essential component of this resource. Objective: To describe the sociodemographic, academic and work characteristics, and the level of satisfaction, of Colombian anesthetists. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional observational study in a non-probabilistic sample. An online structured questionnaire was constructed to evaluate sociodemographic, academic and work characteristics of Colombian anesthetists. Results: A total of 702 anesthetist answered at least part of the survey. Of them, 70% were male, the average age was 45 ± 11 years, and 62% were married. Most of the anesthetists had graduated from public universities (47%), and stated that they would specialize again in anesthesiology (89%). Most commonly, anesthetists were self-employed (47%), while the payment for hour worked was the most usual form of compensation (50%). Of the respondents, 67% worked shifts of 12 or more hours, and 75% worked 200h/month. For 74% of anesthetists, hourly fees ranged between USD$18.23 and $27.34, while monthly income ranged between USD$ 3,645.13 and $5,467.69 in 33%. Conclusions: There is significant work overload among Colombian anesthetists. The level of satisfaction with the practice of the specialty is high; however, the level of satisfaction with the hiring and compensation systems is low.

Resúmen Introducción: El recurso humano es la base del sistema de salud, siendo necesario contar con talento humano idóneo, comprometido y en condiciones laborales óptimas para atender las necesidades de salud de la población. Los anestesió-logos constituyen un componente fundamental de dicho recurso. Objetivo: Describir las características sociodemográficas, académicas y laborales y el nivel de satisfacción de los anestesiólogos colombianos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional de corte transversal en una muestra no probabilística. Se construyó un instrumento estructurado en medio electrónico, el cual evaluó características sociodemográficas, académicas y laborales de los anestesiólogos colombianos. Resultados: Un total de 702 anestesiólogos respondieron alguna sección de la encuesta, el 70% fueron hombres, con edad promedio de 45 ± 11 años, casados (62%). La mayoría de anestesiólogos egresaron de universidad pública (47%), y declaran que se especializarían nuevamente en anestesiología (89%). La prestación de servicios es la forma más frecuente de vinculación (47%) mientras que el pago por hora laborada (50%) la forma más habitual de remuneración. El 67% de los anestesiólogos realizan jornadas de 12 o más horas y el 75% labora 200horas/mes. Para el 74% de los anestesiólogos el valor de la hora laborada se encuentra entre USD $18,23 - $27,34, con ingresos mensuales entre USD $ 3.645,13 - $ 5.467,69 en el 33%. Conclusiones: Existe sobrecarga laboral entre los anestesiólogos colombianos. El nivel de satisfacción con el ejercicio de la especialidad es alto, no obstante, el nivel de satisfacción con los sistemas de contratación y la remuneración son bajos.

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OBJECTIVES: To determine the laboratory tests, related to metabolic risk that should be practiced to adult patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. To assist the clinician decision-making process about complementary diagnostic evaluation strategies in adult diagnosed with schizophrenia. METHODS: A clinical practice guideline was elaborated under the parameters of the Methodological Guide of the Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social to identify, synthesize and evaluate the evidence and make recommendations about the treatment and follow-up of adult patients with schizophrenia. The evidence of NICE guide 82 was adopted and updated. The evidence was presented to the Guideline Developing Group and recommendations, employing the GRADE system, were produced. RESULTS: The risk of overall mortality in schizophrenia is higher than in the general population excluding suicide. Results related with mortality associated to antipsychotics showed contradictory results. Metabolic outcomes showed a higher incidence and association with schizophrenia and treatment with antipsychotics (AP). The diagnosis of dyslipidemia in men with schizophrenia appears to be lower in comparison with the general population. However, changes in weight, blood sugar levels, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides are influenced by the use of antipsychotics in general there is a higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus in adults with schizophrenia. CONCLUSION: Based on the evidence found a plan was formulated for the evaluation of physiological and paraclinical variables during and before the management with AP in adult diagnosed with schizophrenia. The overall quality of evidence is low considering that most of the reports come from observational studies that have risk of bias and some designs have methodological limitations.

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Objetivos: Determinar los exámenes paraclínicos relacionados con riesgo metabólico, que se les deben practicar a los pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Ayudar al clínico en la toma de decisiones sobre las estrategias de evaluación diagnóstica complementarias basadas en el adulto con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Método: Se elaboró una guía de práctica clínica bajo los lineamientos de la Guía Metodológica del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social para identificar, sintetizar, evaluar la evidencia y formular recomendaciones respecto al manejo y seguimiento de los pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Se adoptó y actualizó la evidencia de la guía NICE 82, que contestaba la pregunta acá planteada. Se presentó la evidencia y su graduación al grupo desarrollador de la guía (GDG) para la formulación de las recomendaciones siguiendo la metodología propuesta por el abordaje GRADE. Resultados: El riesgo de mortalidad general en esquizofrenia es mayor que en la población general excluyendo el suicidio. Los resultados relacionados con la mortalidad asociada a antipsicóticos muestran resultados contradictorios. Los desenlaces metabólicos mostraron una mayor incidencia y asociación con la esquizofrenia y el tratamiento con antipsicóticos (APS). El diagnóstico de dislipidemia en los hombres con esquizofrenia parece ser menor que en la población general. Sin embargo, los cambios en el peso, en los niveles de glicemia, colesterol HDL y triglicéridos están influidos por el uso de antipsicóticos y en general hay un mayor riesgo de desarrollar diabetes mellitus en las personas adultas con esquizofrenia. Conclusión: Con base en la evidencia encontrada se justificó la formulación de un plan de evaluación de variables fisiológicas y paraclínicas, tanto antes como durante el manejo con AP del adulto con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Se consideró que la calidad general de la evidencia es baja teniendo en cuenta que la mayoría de los reportes provienen de estudios de observaciones que tienen riesgo de sesgo y algunos diseños tienen limitaciones metodológicas.

Objectives: To determine the laboratory tests, related to metabolic risk that should be practiced to adult patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. To assist the clinician decision-making process about complementary diagnostic evaluation strategies in adult diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods: A clinical practice guideline was elaborated under the parameters of the Met hodological Guide of the Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social to identify, synthesize and evaluate the evidence and make recommendations about the treatment and follow-up of adult patients with schizophrenia. The evidence of NICE guide 82 was adopted and updated. The evidence was presented to the Guideline Developing Group and recommendations, employing the GRADE system, were produced. Results: The risk of overall mortality in schizophrenia is higher than in the general population excluding suicide. Results related with mortality associated to antipsychotics showed contradictory results. Metabolic outcomes showed a higher incidence and association with schizophrenia and treatment with antipsychotics (AP). The diagnosis of dyslipidemia in men with schizophrenia appears to be lower in comparison with the general population. However, changes in weight, blood sugar levels, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides are influenced by the use of antipsychotics in general there is a higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus in adults with schizophrenia. Conclusion: Based on the evidence found a plan was formulated for the evaluation of physiological and paraclinical variables during and before the management with AP in adult diagnosed with schizophrenia. The overall quality of evidence is low considering that most of the reports come from observational studies that have risk of bias and some designs have methodological limitations.

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Antecedentes: Hay múltiples factores asociados con el suicidio en las personas mayores, además de depresión, la pérdida de independencia, las comorbilidades médicas, no estar satisfecho con la vida, no tener esperanza, entre otros. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de depresión en una muestra representativa de la población mayor de 60 años residente en Bogotá y los factores asociados con esta; describir en ellos el dominio de satisfacción con la vida. Método: Se realiza un estudio transversal (Encuesta de Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento), se adquiere información sobre características sociodemográficas y la escala geriátrica de depresión de Yesavage. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo y se evalúa la independencia de los grupos entre aquellos con diagnóstico de depresión y los que no. Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de depresión (Yesavage ≥ 6) del 26,3%; como factores asociados se encontraron el ser mujer, bajo nivel educativo, no ser pensionado, antecedente de hipertensión arterial, enfermedad mental diagnosticada, haber tenido hambre en los primeros 15 años de vida y en la última semana, no realizar actividades lúdicas y tener una percepción de peor salud. Las personas que no están satisfechas con su vida, que no sienten que es maravilloso vivir y que se sienten sin esperanza tienen un mayor riesgo de depresión. Conclusiones: Se encuentra una alta prevalencia de depresión y varios factores asociados con esta, informados previamente en la literatura; además, se analiza que una pobre satisfacción con la vida también se asocia con depresión.

Background: There are multiple factors associated with suicide in elderly people and include, among others, depression, loss of independence, medical comorbidities, not being satisfied with life, or loss of hope. Objective: To describe the prevalence of depression in a representative sample of the population over 60 years old and its associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study (Survey of Health, Wellbeing and Aging) was conducted in 2012. A structured questionnaire and the Yesavage depression scale were used in order to complete a descriptive analysis, as well as a chi-squared test of independence. Results: The prevalence of depression was 26.3%. The associated factors are being female, low education, not receiving a pension, hypertension, a diagnosed mental illness, having had hunger in the first 15 years of life, and in the last week, no leisure activities, and worse self-perception of health. People, who are not satisfied with their lives, who do not feel that it is wonderful to live, and those who feel hopeless, are at increased risk of depression. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of depression, and various factors associated with it, as previously reported in the literature. Poor life satisfaction was shown to be a factor related to depression.

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BACKGROUND: There are multiple factors associated with suicide in elderly people and include, among others, depression, loss of independence, medical comorbidities, not being satisfied with life, or loss of hope. OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of depression in a representative sample of the population over 60 years old and its associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study (Survey of Health, Wellbeing and Aging) was conducted in 2012. A structured questionnaire and the Yesavage depression scale were used in order to complete a descriptive analysis, as well as a chi-squared test of independence. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression was 26.3%. The associated factors are being female, low education, not receiving a pension, hypertension, a diagnosed mental illness, having had hunger in the first 15 years of life, and in the last week, no leisure activities, and worse self-perception of health. People, who are not satisfied with their lives, who do not feel that it is wonderful to live, and those who feel hopeless, are at increased risk of depression. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of depression, and various factors associated with it, as previously reported in the literature. Poor life satisfaction was shown to be a factor related to depression.

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Introducción: En respuesta al enorme impacto de la depresión en todo el mundo, se han desarrollado diversos métodos educativos que tienen como fi nalidad mejorar el reconocimiento y el manejo de este problema en el nivel primario de atención. Objetivos: Evaluar la exactitud de los profesionales de la salud al diagnosticar trastornos depresivos y el efecto de una intervención educativa. Materiales y métodos: Estudio multicéntrico. Adaptación de una intervención educativa sobre trastornos depresivos a las necesidades específi cas y oportunidades del contexto de la prestación de servicios de atención primaria en Bogotá, Colombia. Dentro de las medidas de evaluación de desenlace de la intervención, se efectuó una prueba para evaluar la exactitud con la que los médicos generales hicieron el diagnóstico de depresión. Resultados: Dos meses después de recibir la intervención educativa se encontró un incremento signifi cativo en el diagnóstico de depresión posterior al entrenamiento en los grupos de pacientes con moderado y alto riesgo de presentar esta patología según una prueba de tamizaje. Conclusión: Después de la intervención educativa hay un incremento en el número de diagnósticos relacionados con enfermedad mental, en particular el de depresión, por parte de los profesionales de la salud.

Introduction: The huge impact of depression worldwide has led to the development of different educational interventions aimed at the improvement in the recognition and management of this problem at a primary care level. Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy in the depression diagnosis on behalf of primary care physicians and the effect of an educational intervention. Materials and methods: A multicentric study. An educational intervention was adapted to depressive disorders and specifi c needs and oportunities in the context of the provision of primary care in Bogotá, Colombia. Among the evaluation outcomes, a test was made to evaluate the accuracy of depression diagnosis on behalf of primary care physicians. Results: Two months after the intervention, a signifi cant increase in the diagnosis of depression was found in moderate and high risk groups of patients according to a screening test. Conclusion: After the educational intervention, there was an increase in mental disease diagnosis on behalf of general practitioners, particularly in regards to depression.