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PURPOSE: To evaluate the association between OCT-angiography (OCTA) and photopic negative response (PhNR) in open angle glaucoma (OAG) patients and assess the diagnostic accuracy of these parameters in early detection of glaucoma. METHODS: A total of 152 eyes were enrolled in this study, 28 eyes with mild POAG (group I), 44 eyes with moderate-severe POAG (group 2) & 80 eyes of healthy subjects (control group). Full ophthalmological examination, OCTA and PhNR measurements were underwent for all participants. RNFL, GCC thicknesses, PhNR (implicit time and amplitude) were recorded. The superficial and deep capillary plexus vessel density (SCP-VD%, DCP-VD%) were measured by using 6 × 6 mm macula OCTA scans. The peripapillary vessel density (RPC-VD %) were measured by using 4.5 × 4.5 mm optic disk head OCTA scans. RESULTS: There were reduction of the median Interquartile range (IQR) thickness of the GCC and RNFL in OAG eyes versus normal (P < 0.001). RPC-VD%, SCP-VD % and DCP-VD% were significantly reduced in OAG eyes versus normal (P < 0.001). Increased OAG severity was associated with more reduction in PhNR amplitude and increased implicit time. Reduced PhNR amplitude and prolonged latency were significantly correlated with reduced vascular parameters. The RCP-VD and PhNR amplitude demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy (98.7) with the largest AUC and higher sensitivity and specificity (100% & 98.7%, respectively), followed by the PhNR implicit time with (AUC = 0.995) with a diagnostic accuracy 98.7. The SCP-VD, RNFL and GCC thickness had a diagnostic accuracy of (75.0, 81.6 & 84.2), respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: OCTA vascular parameters displayed significant positive correlation with PhNR amplitude and significant negative correlation with PhNR implicit time. OCTA and PhNR parameters showed a high diagnostic accuracy for detection of glaucoma, and both may provide promising insight in early detection of glaucoma. This study was retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier, NCT05104294).

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Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence, magnitude, and direction of ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) in eyes with myopia and myopic astigmatism, and its interaction with refractive, anterior corneal, posterior corneal, and true net power astigmatism. Patients and Methods: Refractive surgery candidates with myopia and myopic astigmatism were studied. Refractive astigmatism (RA) was measured using the Nidek® AR-310A autorefractometer. Anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA), posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA), and true net power astigmatism (TNP) were measured using the Wavelight® Oculyzer II. Astigmatism was converted from polar to vector notation. ORA was calculated by vector subtraction of ACA from RA vertexed to corneal plane. Compensation factor (CF) was calculated as the ratio of ORA that compensates ACA for both J0 and J45. Results: 154 eyes of 88 patients (mean age 31.7±7.1 years) were included. With-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism was the most common for both RA (55.6%) and ACA (74%), while against-the-rule (ATR) was the most common for PCA (87.7%) and ORA (74.0%). The axes of RA and ACA were within 10° of each other in 46.8% of the eyes, and within 30° of each other in 76.0%. The mean difference in value between the axis of RA and ACA was 25.6°. 71.4% of eyes in the study had an ORA ≥ 0.5D, 44.1% had ORA ≥ 0.75D and 26% had ORA ≥ 1D. There was a statistically significant difference between ACA and each of RA and TNP. Using TNP to calculate ORA instead of ACA reduced its magnitude. RA is positively correlated to ACA and more strongly to TNP. The most common pattern of compensation between ORA and ACA was under-compensation for J0 (49%) and same-axis-augmentation for J45 (35%). Conclusion: ORA, PCA, and the interaction between ORA and ACA can affect results during refractive planning.

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PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of Suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide injection [SCTA] as an adjunctive therapy in management of Vogt-Koyanagi Harada [VKH] serous retinal detachment. DESIGN: Prospective parallel group study. PARTICIPANTS: 12 eyes of 6 patients with bilateral multiple serous retinal detachment of VKH in acute phase on systemic steroids. METHODS: Each patient was received single SCTA injection (SCTA group, n = 6 eyes) and the other non-injected eye (Standard treatment group, n = 6 eyes), patients were followed for 1, 3, and 6 months to assess changes in best corrected visual acuity [BCVA], central foveal thickness [CFT] and intraocular pressure [IOP] between both groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was changes in BCVA from baseline till 6th months follow-up. Secondary end points were changes in CFT and IOP from baseline to 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS: BCVA at one and three months was significantly better in eyes received SCTA than in non-injected eyes (p-value = 0.026 for each). CFT at one and three months was significantly higher in non-injected eyes than in eyes received SCTA (p-value = 0.028 for each). IOP showed no significant differences between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: SCTA is an effective adjuvant treatment for VKH serous retinal detachment, without any serious ocular adverse effects or increase in IOP and causing significant reduction in CFT and rapid improvement in BCVA when combined with oral steroids.

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