RESUMEN
Objetivo: Comparar el resultado clínico de la mucosectomía rectal con engrapadora (MRE) sola y de la MRE combinada con esfinterotomía y con plastia anal de colgajos cutáneos, y examinar qué factores influyen sobre las complicaciones y la satisfacción del paciente. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes con enfermedad hemorroidal grados II a IV sometidos a MRE sola o en combinación con otros procedimientos. Se analizaron las complicaciones posoperatorias, resolución de síntomas y grado de satisfacción. Resultados: 241 pacientes consecutivos con seguimiento mínimo de un año se dividieron en tres grupos: MRE sola (n = 187), MRE combinada con esfinterotomía (n = 31) y MRE combinada con plastia de colgajos (n = 23). Los pacientes con MRE con esfinterotomía presentaron un porcentaje de complicaciones mayor que el resto (32 versus 12.8 % y 13 %, respectivamente, p = 0.02). La MRE con esfinterotomía se asoció con mayor riesgo de complicaciones que la MRE sola (RM = 3.5, IC 95 % = 1.4-8.7); la inclusión exclusiva de epitelio columnar en la zona resecada se asoció con menor riesgo de complicaciones que cuando se incluyó además epitelio transicional (RM = 0.4, IC 95 % = 0.2-0.8). La resolución de síntomas preoperatorios en la mayor parte de los pacientes fue > 80 % en los tres grupos. No hubo asociación de complicaciones o del tipo de procedimiento con el grado de satisfacción. Cuando el porcentaje de síntomas resueltos fue < 80 % se asoció con grado bajo o intermedio de satisfacción (p < 0.001). Conclusiones: La resolución de los síntomas preoperatorios con los tres procedimientos es similar. La MRE con esfinterotomía tiene mayor riesgo de complicaciones. El grado de satisfacción se asocia con la resolución de los síntomas preoperatorios.
BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to compare the clinical outcome of stapled rectal mucosectomy (SRM) alone and in combination with sphincterotomy and cutaneous flap anoplasty and to determine the influence of factors related to complications and patient satisfaction. METHODS: Patients with second- to fourth-degree hemorrhoids who underwent SRM alone or in combination with other anorectal procedures were included. Postoperative complications, symptom resolution and patient satisfaction were analyzed. RESULTS: Two hundred forty one patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were divided into three groups: SRM alone (n = 187), SRM combined with sphincterotomy (n = 31) and SRM combined with cutaneous flap anoplasty (n = 23). Patients with SRM with sphincterotomy showed a higher complication rate than the other groups (32 vs. 12.8% and 13%, respectively, p = 0.02). SRM combined with sphincterotomy was associated with a higher rate of complications (OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.4-8.7). SRM alone with low mucosal resection was associated with a lower complications rate (OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.2-0.8). Resolution of preoperative symptoms was >80% among the three groups. There was no association between complications and type of procedure with satisfaction level. Resolution of symptoms <80% was associated with low/intermediate level of satisfaction (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Resolution of preoperative symptoms is similar among the three groups. SRM combined with sphincterotomy has a higher risk of complications. The satisfaction level is associated with resolution of preoperative symptoms.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hemorroides/cirugía , Grapado Quirúrgico , Terapia Combinada , Grapado Quirúrgico/efectos adversos , Análisis Multivariante , Mucosa Intestinal/cirugía , Satisfacción del Paciente , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos del Sistema Digestivo/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos del Sistema Digestivo/métodos , Recto/cirugía , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to compare the clinical outcome of stapled rectal mucosectomy (SRM) alone and in combination with sphincterotomy and cutaneous flap anoplasty and to determine the influence of factors related to complications and patient satisfaction. METHODS: Patients with second- to fourth-degree hemorrhoids who underwent SRM alone or in combination with other anorectal procedures were included. Postoperative complications, symptom resolution and patient satisfaction were analyzed. RESULTS: Two hundred forty one patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were divided into three groups: SRM alone (n = 187), SRM combined with sphincterotomy (n = 31) and SRM combined with cutaneous flap anoplasty (n = 23). Patients with SRM with sphincterotomy showed a higher complication rate than the other groups (32 vs. 12.8% and 13%, respectively, p = 0.02). SRM combined with sphincterotomy was associated with a higher rate of complications (OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.4-8.7). SRM alone with low mucosal resection was associated with a lower complications rate (OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.2-0.8). Resolution of preoperative symptoms was >80% among the three groups. There was no association between complications and type of procedure with satisfaction level. Resolution of symptoms <80% was associated with low/intermediate level of satisfaction (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Resolution of preoperative symptoms is similar among the three groups. SRM combined with sphincterotomy has a higher risk of complications. The satisfaction level is associated with resolution of preoperative symptoms.