RESUMEN
To our knowledge the intrahippocampal serotonergic 5-HT6 receptor tone on memory and amnesia models remains unexplored. Hence, in the present work we tested intrahippocampal administration of serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)6 receptor experimental molecules with differential intrinsic activity. Methods: In the present study, Automatized Autoshaping memory task was used, useful measuring memory, neural markers, and pharmacological effects. We are hypothesizing that experimental molecules with differential intrinsic activity might reveal serotonergic tone. Particularly, intrahippocampal administration of 5-HT6 receptor compounds with differential intrinsic activity (i.e., agonistic and antagonistic) might evidencing a serotonergic tone via this receptor. Bilateral intrahippocampal dose-response curves show that administration of EMD386088 (10 and 100 µg) had no effect or (50 µg) decreased conditioned responses (CR) in short- and long-term memory (STM and LTM, respectively); while SB-399885 (10 or 100 µg) significantly decreased CR in STM and LTM (24 and 48-h) or (50 µg) had no effect; thus suggesting that there is a 5-HT6 receptor tone regulating both STM and LTM. Moreover, intrahippocampal inactive doses of EMD386088 (5 µg) plus SB-399885 (0.5 µg) did not affect STM and LTM; however, partially or completely prevented the scopolamine or dizocilpine-induced amnesia. Thus confirming that both drugs exerted their effects through 5-HT6 receptor and that there is a hippocampal serotonergic tone under amnesic states, similar to that striatal.
Asunto(s)
Hipocampo/efectos de los fármacos , Consolidación de la Memoria/efectos de los fármacos , Receptores de Serotonina/metabolismo , Serotoninérgicos/farmacología , Animales , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Indoles/farmacología , Masculino , Consolidación de la Memoria/fisiología , Memoria a Largo Plazo/efectos de los fármacos , Memoria a Largo Plazo/fisiología , Memoria a Corto Plazo/efectos de los fármacos , Memoria a Corto Plazo/fisiología , Piperazinas/farmacología , Piridinas/farmacología , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas Wistar , Sulfonamidas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
We report a 45-year-old male with AIDS who had a Cryptococcus neoformans central nervous system infection. He was treated with amphotericin B deoxycholate subsequently changed to voriconazole due to systemic toxicity of the former. Plasma levels of voriconazole were insufficient with a standard dose (0.7 μg/mL), therefore, the dose was increased thereafter to reach appropriate levels (4.5 μg/mL). Anti-retroviral therapy was started five weeks after voriconazole initiation with non-interacting drugs and he was discharged after a favorable evolution. He was re-admitted three months later due to seizures; a brain magnetic resonance showed new sub-cortical nodules. After excluding alternative causes and demonstrating fungal eradication, an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) event was suspected and treated with a short course of steroids. His evolution was satisfactory.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anfotericina B/efectos adversos , Meningitis Criptocócica/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Desoxicólico/efectos adversos , Síndrome Inflamatorio de Reconstitución Inmune/inducido químicamente , Voriconazol/administración & dosificación , Antifúngicos/efectos adversos , Anfotericina B/administración & dosificación , Meningitis Criptocócica/diagnóstico por imagen , Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/diagnóstico por imagen , Ácido Desoxicólico/administración & dosificación , Combinación de Medicamentos , Antifúngicos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
We report a 45-year-old male with AIDS who had a Cryptococcus neoformans central nervous system infection. He was treated with amphotericin B deoxycholate subsequently changed to voriconazole due to systemic toxicity of the former. Plasma levels of voriconazole were insufficient with a standard dose (0.7 µg/mL), therefore, the dose was increased thereafter to reach appropriate levels (4.5 µg/mL). Anti-retroviral therapy was started five weeks after voriconazole initiation with non-interacting drugs and he was discharged after a favorable evolution. He was re-admitted three months later due to seizures; a brain magnetic resonance showed new sub-cortical nodules. After excluding alternative causes and demonstrating fungal eradication, an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) event was suspected and treated with a short course of steroids. His evolution was satisfactory.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/tratamiento farmacológico , Anfotericina B/efectos adversos , Antifúngicos/efectos adversos , Ácido Desoxicólico/efectos adversos , Síndrome Inflamatorio de Reconstitución Inmune/inducido químicamente , Meningitis Criptocócica/tratamiento farmacológico , Voriconazol/administración & dosificación , Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/diagnóstico por imagen , Anfotericina B/administración & dosificación , Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Ácido Desoxicólico/administración & dosificación , Combinación de Medicamentos , Humanos , Masculino , Meningitis Criptocócica/diagnóstico por imagen , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Introducción: La psicosis es una entidad clínicamente heterogénea. Estudios previos han encontrado una estructura multifactorial de dicho síndrome. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar posibles categorías diagnósticas en pacientes con sintomatología psicótica aguda, a partir de las características de los síntomas en una evaluación transversal. Métodos: Se ensambló un instrumento a partir de las escalas SANS, SAPS, BPRS, EMUN y de depresión de Zung. Con base en criterios de redundancia y de tipo estadístico, un instrumento inicial de 101 ítems fue reducido a 57. El instrumento fue aplicado a 232 pacientes con sintomatología psicótica aguda no orgánica que asistieron a la Clínica de la Paz de Bogotá, y al Hospital San Juan de Dios, de Chía, entre abril del 2008 y diciembre del 2009. Se aplicaron técnicas estadísticas de análisis multivariado. Resultados: Casi 80% de los pacientes tuvo diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. El síndrome psicótico agudo se encontró conformado por los siguientes seis dominios: deficitario, agresivo-paranoide, desorganizado, depresivo, delirios extraños, alucinaciones. El análisis de conglomerados reveló ocho subtipos que, a partir de la estructura factorial, pueden denominarse así: 1) delirios extraños-alucinaciones; 2) deterioro y síntomas de desorganización; 3) deterioro; 4) deterioro con paranoia, ansiedad y agresividad; 5) delirios extraños; 6) paranoia, ansiedad, agresividad; 7) síntomas depresivos y delirios extraños; 8) paranoia, ansiedad, agresividad con síntomas depresivos. Conclusión: Los subtipos permiten una caracterización más exhaustiva que la que permiten los sistemas de clasificación vigentes. Es necesario validar estas agrupaciones en estudios longitudinales
Introduction: Schizophrenia is a clinically heterogeneous disorder. A multifactorial structure of this syndrome has been described in previous reports. The aim of this study was to evaluate what are the possible diagnostic categories in patients having acute psychotic symptoms, studying their clinical characteristics in a cross-sectional study. Methods: An instrument for measuring psychotic symptoms was created using previous scales (SANS, SAPS, BPRS, EMUN, Zung depression scale). Using as criteria statistical indexes and redundance of items, the initial instrument having 101 items has been reduced to 57 items. 232 patients with acute psychotic symptoms, in most cases schizophrenia, attending Clínica Nuestra Señora de la Paz in Bogotá and Hospital San Juan de Dios in Chía have been evaluated from April, 2008 to December, 2009. Multivariate statistical methods have been used for analyzing data. Results: A six-factor structure has been found (Deficit, paranoid-aggressive, disorganized, depressive, bizarre delusions, hallucinations). Cluster analysis showed eight subtypes that can be described as: 1) bizarre delusions-hallucinations; 2) deterioration and disorganized behavior; 3) deterioration; 4) deterioration and paranoid-aggressive behavior; 5) bizarre delusions; 6) paranoiaanxiety- aggressiveness; 7) depressive symptoms and bizarre delusions; 8) paranoia and aggressiveness with depressive symptoms; Conclusion: These subtypes allow a more exhaustive characterization that those included in standard classification schemes and should be validated in longitudinal studies
Asunto(s)
Esquizofrenia , Trastornos Psicóticos/diagnósticoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Schizophrenia is a clinically heterogeneous disorder. A multifactorial structure of this syndrome has been described in previous reports. The aim of this study was to evaluate what are the possible diagnostic categories in patients having acute psychotic symptoms, studying their clinical characteristics in a cross-sectional study. METHODS: An instrument for measuring psychotic symptoms was created using previous scales (SANS, SAPS, BPRS, EMUN, Zung depression scale). Using as criteria statistical indexes and redundance of items, the initial instrument having 101 items has been reduced to 57 items. 232 patients with acute psychotic symptoms, in most cases schizophrenia, attending Clínica Nuestra Señora de la Paz in Bogotá and Hospital San Juan de Dios in Chía have been evaluated from April, 2008 to December, 2009. Multivariate statistical methods have been used for analyzing data. RESULTS: A six-factor structure has been found (Deficit, paranoid-aggressive, disorganized, depressive, bizarre delusions, hallucinations). Cluster analysis showed eight subtypes that can be described as: 1) bizarre delusions-hallucinations; 2) deterioration and disorganized behavior; 3) deterioration; 4) deterioration and paranoid-aggressive behavior; 5) bizarre delusions; 6) paranoia-anxiety- aggressiveness; 7) depressive symptoms and bizarre delusions; 8) paranoia and aggressiveness with depressive symptoms CONCLUSION: These subtypes allow a more exhaustive characterization that those included in standard classification schemes and should be validated in longitudinal studies.
RESUMEN
Diverse studies indicate that the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with alterations in encoding processes, including working or short-term memory. Some ADHD dysfunctional domains are reflected in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Here SHR-saline group showed significantly poor STM and LTM relative to SD and WKY saline rats. SD and WKY rats treated with d-amphetamine displayed better STM and LTM, compared to SD-vehicle, WKY-vehicle or SHR-d-amphetamine groups.
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Anfetamina/farmacología , Memoria a Largo Plazo/efectos de los fármacos , Memoria a Corto Plazo/efectos de los fármacos , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/farmacología , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas SHR , Ratas Endogámicas WKY , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
We studied cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions in three women with acute attacks of recurrent longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (r-LETM), recurrent-optic neuritis (r-ON) and r-LETM-CNS. Neuromyelitis Optica -immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody was positive in all cases. Brain MRI (1.5 Tesla) was performed according to protocol from consortium MS centre. We described the cranial lesions in brain MRI of acute relapses. These lesions were different from MS, most had an asymptomatic course which disappeared with time, protocol from consortium of MS centre criteria for brain MRI and seropositivity of NMO-IgG are useful tools for differentiate acute lesions of NMO/MS.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Neuromielitis Óptica/patología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Autoanticuerpos/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Neuromielitis Óptica/inmunología , RecurrenciaRESUMEN
In this work, the popular CAS assay for siderophore detection, based on the utilization of chrome azurol S, was redesigned and optimized to produce a new, fast, non-toxic, and easy method to determine a wide variety of microorganisms capable of siderophore production on a solid medium. Furthermore, this specific bioassay allows for the identification of more than one single siderophore-producing microorganism at the same time, using an overlay technique in which a modified CAS medium is cast upon culture agar plates (thus its name "O-CAS", for overlaid CAS). Detection was optimized through adjustments to the medium's composition and a quantifying strategy. Specificity of the bioassay was tested on microorganisms known for siderophore production. As a result, a total of 48 microorganisms were isolated from three different types of samples (fresh water, salt water, and alkaline soil), of which 36 were determined as siderophore producers. The compounds identified through this method belonged to both hydroxamate and catechol-types, previously reported to cause color change of the CAS medium from blue to orange and purple, respectively. Some isolated microorganisms, however, caused a color change that differed from previous descriptions.
Asunto(s)
Bacterias/metabolismo , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Hidroxibenzoatos/metabolismo , Sideróforos/biosíntesis , Color , Medios de Cultivo/química , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Sideróforos/química , Microbiología del Suelo , Microbiología del AguaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Some studies showed abnormalities in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of relapsing neuromyelitis optica (R-NMO) from 12 to 46%. These abnormalities are described as compatible/non-compatible with multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: To describe the abnormal brain MRI lesions in R-NMO with imaging studies conducted with more sensitive white matter change techniques. METHODS: Thirty patients with R-NMO were selected. All MRI brain studies were performed with a 1.5-T Siemens MRI system according to the Standardized MR Imaging Protocol for Multiple Sclerosis from the Consortium of MS Centers Consensus Guidelines. RESULTS: Brain MRI images were evaluated in 29 R-NMO cases because in one case the MRI images were not appropriate for the study. Of these 29 brain MRI studies, 19 cases (65.5%) had at least one or more lesions (1-57) and 10 were negative (34.4%). Brain MRI findings in 19 cases were characterized in T2/fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) by the presence of subcortical/deep white matter lesions in 16 (84.2%) cases (1-50), most of them <3 mm and without juxtacortical localization. Periventricular lesions were observed in 13 (68.4%) cases, but morphologically they were not oval, ovoid or perpendicularly orientated. Infratentorial lesions, all >3 mm, were observed in 4 (21.05%) cases without cerebellar involvement. T1 studies demonstrated absence of hypointense regions. Optic nerve enhancement was observed in 6/19 patients (31.5%). None of the brain MRI abnormalities observed were compatible with Barkhof et al. criteria of MS. CONCLUSIONS: This study, based on a Cuban patient population, with long duration of disease, good sample size and detailed characterization by MRI, demonstrated the brain MRI pattern of R-NMO patients, which is different from MS.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Esclerosis Múltiple/patología , Neuromielitis Óptica/patología , Ventrículos Cerebrales/patología , Cuba , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Esclerosis Múltiple/complicaciones , Fibras Nerviosas Mielínicas/patología , Neuromielitis Óptica/etiología , Nervio Óptico/patología , Recurrencia , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
In the mammalian cell nucleus, splicing factors are distributed in nuclear domains known as speckles or splicing factor compartments (SFCs). In cultured cells, these domains are dynamic and reflect transcriptional and splicing activities. We used immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy to monitor whether splicing factors in differentiated cells display similar features. Speckled patterns are observed in rat hepatocytes, beta-cells, bronchial and intestine epithelia and also in three cell types of the uterus. Moreover, the number, distribution and sizes of the speckles vary among them. In addition, we studied variations in the circular form (shape) of speckles in uterine cells that are transcriptionally modified by a hormone action. During proestrus of the estral cycle, speckles are irregular in shape while in diestrus I they are circular. Experimentally, in castrated rats luminal epithelial cells show a pattern where speckles are dramatically rounded, but they recover their irregular shape rapidly after an injection of estradiol. The same results were observed in muscle and gland epithelial cells of the uterus. We concluded that different speckled patterns are present in various cells types in differentiated tissues and that these patterns change in the uterus depending upon the presence or absence of hormones such as estradiol.
Asunto(s)
Precursores del ARN/fisiología , Empalme del ARN/fisiología , ARN Mensajero/fisiología , Útero/fisiología , Animales , Estradiol/farmacología , Femenino , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Masculino , Especificidad de Órganos , Ovariectomía , Empalme del ARN/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Útero/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Perchlorate is known to suppress thyroid function by inhibiting uptake of iodide by the human thyroid at doses of 200 mg/day or greater. A study was conducted to investigate the potential effects of perchlorate in drinking water on thyroid function in newborns and school-age children. A total of 162 school-age children and 9784 newborns were studied in three proximate cities in northern Chile that have different concentrations of perchlorate in drinking water: Taltal (100 to 120 micrograms/L), Chañaral (5 to 7 micrograms/L), and Antofagasta (non-detectable: < 4 micrograms/L). Among schoolchildren, no difference was found in thyroid-stimulating hormone levels or goiter prevalence among lifelong residents of Taltal or Chañaral compared with those of Antofagasta, after adjusting for age, sex, and urinary iodine. No presumptive cases of congenital hypothyroidism were detected in Taltal or Chañaral; seven cases were detected in Antofagasta. Neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were significantly lower in Taltal compared with Antofagasta; this is opposite to the known pharmacological effect of perchlorate, and the magnitude of difference did not seem to be clinically significant. These findings do not support the hypothesis that perchlorate in drinking water at concentrations as high as 100 to 120 micrograms/L suppresses thyroid function in newborns or school-age children.
Asunto(s)
Hipotiroidismo/inducido químicamente , Hipotiroidismo/epidemiología , Percloratos/efectos adversos , Compuestos de Sodio/efectos adversos , Contaminación del Agua/efectos adversos , Distribución por Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Chile/epidemiología , Intervalos de Confianza , Recolección de Datos , Ingestión de Líquidos , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Monitoreo Epidemiológico , Estudios de Factibilidad , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Modelos Lineales , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Oportunidad Relativa , Percloratos/análisis , Factores de Riesgo , Distribución por Sexo , Compuestos de Sodio/análisis , Pruebas de Función de la Tiroides , Contaminación del Agua/análisisRESUMEN
A series of 3-chloro-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives produced different degrees of inhibition of parasite growth and respiration on clone Brener, LQ and Tulahuen strains of Trypanosome cruzi epimastigotes. Respiratory chain inhibition appears to be a posible determinant of the trypanosomicidal activity of this compounds. No difference in the action of these derivatives was found among the different parasite strains. For comparative purposes, the inhibitory effects of felodipine and nicardipine are also reported. A good correlation between toxic effects and the easiness of oxidation of the dihydripyridine ring was found. The presence of a fused ring on the dihydropyridine moiety significantly diminished the inhibitory effects.
Asunto(s)
Dihidropiridinas/farmacología , Tripanocidas/farmacología , Trypanosoma cruzi/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Bloqueadores de los Canales de Calcio/farmacología , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Dihidropiridinas/química , Electroquímica , Felodipino/farmacología , Nicardipino/farmacología , Oxidación-Reducción , Consumo de Oxígeno/efectos de los fármacos , Tripanocidas/química , Trypanosoma cruzi/crecimiento & desarrollo , Trypanosoma cruzi/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: After 20 years of iodine salt fortification, the prevalence of goiter has decreased significantly in the rural area of Pirque, central Chile. In this location, equipment has been installed that efficiently and economically adds 0.5 mg of elemental iodine per liter of water to render it potable. AIM: To study thyroid function and urinary iodine excretion in school age children of this zone, after two years of extra iodine intake. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred thirty four children aged 6 to 12 years old were examined. In 56 randomly chosen children a morning urine sample was obtained to measure iodine excretion. In 45 children without goiter, a blood sample was drawn to measure TSH and thyroxin. RESULTS: In nine children (7%) a diffuse goiter was found. Median urinary iodine excretion was 158 micrograms/dl. Thyroxin and TSH levels were within normal limits (8.4 +/- 1.1 micrograms/dl and 2.2 +/- 1.5 microU/ml respectively). During the period of iodine water supplementation there were 47 births in the zone. All newborns had normal TSH values and none had goiter. CONCLUSIONS: When present results are compared with the period before water iodination (when the prevalence of goiter was 9.6% and mean urinary iodine excretion was 57.6 micrograms/dl), it can be concluded that extra iodine intake in this rural population has not caused additional thyroid problems.
Asunto(s)
Bocio Endémico/prevención & control , Yodo/administración & dosificación , Pruebas de Función de la Tiroides , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Abastecimiento de Agua , Niño , Chile , Femenino , Humanos , Yodo/orina , Masculino , Población Rural , Tirotropina/sangreAsunto(s)
Glutatión/análogos & derivados , Glutatión/metabolismo , Nifurtimox/farmacología , Nitroimidazoles/farmacología , Espermidina/análogos & derivados , Tripanocidas/farmacología , Trypanosoma cruzi/fisiología , Animales , Espermidina/metabolismo , Compuestos de Sulfhidrilo/metabolismo , Trypanosoma cruzi/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Se estudiarón 64 pacientes infectados con rango de edad entre 16 y 84 años, a quienes se les administró ofloxacina. Las enfermedades incluídas en el estudio fuerón: infección de partes blandas 41,93 por ciento, infección del tracto respiratorio inferior 26,8 por ciento, infecciones del tracto urinario 24,2 por ciento, y otras infecciones (sepsis, meningitis bacteriana, complicación post-parto y politraumatismo) 6,4 por ciento. De acuerdo al grado de severidad la distribución fue la siguiente: leves: 3,23 por ciento, moderadas: 51,61 por ciento y severas: 41,94 por ciento. El tratamiento con ofloxacina se administró en dosis promedio de 800 mg/día durante 3-17 días (promedio=9,75+3,37). La evolución clínica fue curación en el 83,87 por ciento, mejoría 12,90 por ciento (curación + mejoría = 96,7 por ciento), no determinada 3,22 por ciento y fracaso 0 por ciento. La evaluación de la eficacia bacteriológica mostró erradicación 70 por ciento, erradicación/superinfección 12 por ciento, persistencia 2 por ciento, resistencia 0 por ciento y no determinado 16 por ciento. La evaluación global del tratamiento fue clasificada como excelente en el 67,24 por ciento de los pacientes, buena 27,59 por ciento (excelente +buena =94,8 por ciento), regular 5,17 por ciento. Ningún paciente fue considerado con evolución inadecuada. En cuanto a la toxicidad de la droga, se registraron reacciones adversas: ardor local, nauseas, mareos, sudoración, acidez, insomnio y rash. Estas fueron clasificadas según su severidad en leve (2) moderada (2) y severa (1) este último caso ameritó la suspensión de la droga. En conclusión, ofloxacina puede considerarse eficaz y segura para el tratamiento de infecciones bacterinas
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Infecciones Bacterianas/terapia , Ofloxacino/administración & dosificación , Ofloxacino/efectos adversos , Ofloxacino/uso terapéutico , Quinolonas/administración & dosificación , Quinolonas/efectos adversos , Quinolonas/uso terapéutico , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/terapia , Infecciones Urinarias/terapiaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Twenty years ago, Pirque was a zone with a goiter prevalence of 39%. AIM: To assess the effects of salt iodination on the prevalence of goiter in school-age children of this zone. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: School age children from four public schools in Pirque were examined, following WHO criteria for the diagnosis of goiter. Urinary iodine excretion was also measured. RESULTS: Five hundred ninety one males and 298 females aged 12.1 +/- 2.5 years were examined. Fifty seven children (9.6%) bad goiter. In 53 the goiter was grade I and in 4, grade II. No sex differences were observed. Minimal and median urinary iodine excretion values were 12.6 and 57.6 micrograms/dl respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Goiter prevalence dropped from 39 to 10%. The fact that iodine intake is over minimal recommendations, underscores the effectiveness of salt iodination.
Asunto(s)
Bocio Endémico/epidemiología , Yodo/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Niño , Chile/epidemiología , Femenino , Bocio Endémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Yodo/orina , Masculino , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
We report a 26 years old male with secondary amyloidosis and chronic renal failure who consulted due to a rapidly growing goiter associated with coarseness and dysphagia. Serum levels of thyroid hormones and TSH were normal and a neck CT scan showed a big mass in the anterior and lateral regions, that compressed neighboring structures. The patient was subjected to a total thyroidectomy and the pathological study revealed a diffuse fatty and amyloid infiltration of the thyroid gland. There was no evidence of malignancy.
Asunto(s)
Amiloidosis/complicaciones , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/complicaciones , Tejido Adiposo/patología , Adulto , Amiloidosis/patología , Bocio/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/patologíaRESUMEN
The association of primary adrenal insufficiency with antiphospholipid antibodies is usually reported in the context of adrenal thrombosis or hemorrhage. We describe a 35-year-old woman who developed a primary antiphospholipid syndrome (spontaneous abortion, thrombocytopenia, and cerebrovascular occlusion) in association with primary adrenal insufficiency without evidence of suprarenal hemorrhage or thrombosis.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Addison/complicaciones , Síndrome Antifosfolípido/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Addison/inmunología , Adulto , Anticuerpos Anticardiolipina/sangre , Síndrome Antifosfolípido/inmunología , Femenino , HumanosRESUMEN
AIM: to study the amount and distribution of terminal body hair in non-hirsute women consulting in a public outpatient clinic. PATIENTS AND METHODS: two hundred thirty six premenopausal women consulting in a birth control clinic or consulting for acute non-endocrinological diseases were studied. Body hair was assessed with a semi-quantitative clinical method described by Ferriman and Gallwey. RESULTS: Ninety-five percent of women had a score equal or less than 5. No correlations were found between the score and body mass index or age. Partial scores over 1 were found specially in the lower abdomen, chest, superior lip and thighs. CONCLUSIONS: This sample of women, coming from middle and low socioeconomic levels, appears more hairless than European or North American Women. Thus, hirsutism must be suspected with scores over 5. These results cannot be extrapolated to all Chilean women, due to differences in ethnical backgrounds.
Asunto(s)
Cabello/crecimiento & desarrollo , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Antropometría , Índice de Masa Corporal , Chile , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Premenopausia , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
We report four patients with primary hypothyroidism (3 female, aged 47, 46, 49 and 34 years old) whose principal manifestation was muscle involvement. The diagnosis was oriented by the finding of myoedema and a slow relaxation phase of tendon reflexes. In one patient, an electromyographic and histological study was performed. Thyroid substitution lead to an improvement in myopathy in all patients.