RESUMEN
It was shown that a single quadrupole mass-selective detector coupled to the HPLC system can be used in forensic chemical practice for the detection and quantitative measurement of morphine and codeine in forensic in various biological objects. An algorithm for the reliable identification of opiates in a concentration range starting from 0.002 mg% with a relative error below 20% (mean ca 9.5%) is proposed.
Asunto(s)
Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Codeína/análisis , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Morfina/análisis , Detección de Abuso de Sustancias , Algoritmos , Calibración , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/instrumentación , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Equipo para Diagnóstico/normas , Toxicología Forense/métodos , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas/instrumentación , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Humanos , Narcóticos/análisis , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Detección de Abuso de Sustancias/instrumentación , Detección de Abuso de Sustancias/métodosRESUMEN
The oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin (Cp, EC 1.16.3.1), the content of immunoreactive Cp and copper ion concentration were measured in the serum of eight day-old rats receiving either breast feeding (control group) or commercial nutritive mixture which has been recommended for the newborn children beginning from zero age (experimental group). It was shown that the artificial feeding caused almost 3-fold increase of Cp oxidase activity and copper content in the serum when compared to age-matched controls. No changes in the copper content per Cp molecule were observed. Dot-hybridization of the total liver polyribosomal RNA with Cp [32P]cDNA showed that the increased Cp level in the blood of the rats of experimental group correlated well with the level of expression of Cp gene. The copper content in the liver of experimental rats was two times lower that in control animals while no differences was found in the brain copper content between two groups of rats. The role of the regulation of Cp gene expression in the lactating mammary gland and of milk Cp in the copper homeostasis in the newborn body is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Cobre/metabolismo , Alimentos Infantiles , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Ceruloplasmina/genética , Ceruloplasmina/inmunología , Ceruloplasmina/metabolismo , Cobre/sangre , Expresión Génica , Hígado/metabolismo , Oxidorreductasas/metabolismo , Polirribosomas/genética , ARN/análisis , RatasRESUMEN
The efficiency of microsurgical enucleation of zygote and two-cell mice embryos was found to increase sharply 1-1.5 h before cleavage in "late" embryos, and 5-6 h before cleavage in "early" embryos. In "late" embryos, the share of successful enucleations constitutes 80-90%, and in "early" ones, 10-30%. This phenomenon is not connected with cytoskeleton restructuring during the cell cycle, but is determined by the increase in intracellular osmotic pressure at late stages of cell cycle. This process results in the increased elasticity of the embryo and, consequently, the penetration of surgical instruments and removal of karyoplast occurs more efficiently. The artificial increase in the intracellular pressure by addition of distilled water to culture medium also increases the efficiency of microsurgical enucleation.
Asunto(s)
Núcleo Celular/fisiología , Fase de Segmentación del Huevo/citología , Embrión de Mamíferos/cirugía , Microcirugia/métodos , Animales , Ciclo Celular , Embrión de Mamíferos/citología , Femenino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Presión Osmótica , Factores de Tiempo , Cigoto/citologíaRESUMEN
A survey of studies on reconstructions of animal and plant cells which apply a new physical method--electrostimulated fusion, is presented. Effects of different factors of the medium on the efficiency of electrofusion is discussed. A detailed account is given of the authors' studies on zygotes reconstruction by combined methods of microsurgery and electrostimulated cell fusion. Advantages of the latter as compared to the widely distributed methods of fusion by polyethylenglycol and Sendai virus are considered. This physical method can play an important role in the progress of cellular engineering.