Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Progress in emergency medicine in the prevention and liquidation of hazardous cargo-induced accidents is analyzed. The results of development of theoretical aspects, search for adequate individual protective means and methods for chemical decontamination of hazardous cargo residues are summarized.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Asbestos dust associated with other factors induces more hazardous effects, than if acting solely. That is seen especially in women whose morbidity grows 1.5-2.0 times higher than in men of the same occupations. Further studies are recommended for better knowledge asbestos dust influence under provocative action of other hazards.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Experience in ensuring safe traffic at the All-Russian Research Institute of Railway Hygiene is summarized. Various aspects of this line of activities, such as medicopsychological professional selection, medical examination of engine-drivers, training how to behave in emergency, etc., are considered. Some new medical problems in ensuring safe traffic are presented.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The medically preventive aspects of driving safety for engine drivers without an assistant are considered in the paper. It shows it necessary to solve the problem of preventing the fatigue of the visual and acoustic analyzers in the drivers in the research setting and to optimize the control desk and the driver's whole cab.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Current planning in railway hygiene is conducted according to the special requirements of railway industry. Specific medical and prophylactic programs specified are on safety arrangements of railway workers, environmental protection in connection with intensive functioning of railways. The authors represent major prospective trends of research in occupational medicine and industrial ecology for railway transport.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The optimization coefficients for making demands of an employer to grant funds for measures for primary prophylaxis of occupational diseases are proposed. The initial payment is based on the expenses connected with these problems in the past 3 years. An approximate calculating scale for primary prophylaxis is presented.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The traditional aspect of prenosological changes occurring in workers exposed to industrial agents was considered from the current clinical and hygienic standpoints. A working classification of occupationally dependent prenosological changes was proposed, which identifies categories of those with and without clinical manifestations. The classification covers all the most important and currently known consequences of adverse effects on workers contacting with hazardous agents. It reflects not only theoretical aspects, but the practical value of the classification.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Presents data on the occupational diseases of railway workers in 1958-1994 and analyzes the nosological structure of morbidity with regard for the technological progress in various fields of this industry. Discusses the problems related to occupational diseases in this population. A disease is recognized as an occupational only in cases when occupational hazards cannot be eliminated by modern technology, but still, the victims are to have a life compensation from the work-giver for not providing the proper working conditions.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The article stresses that railway hygiene has accumulated vast experience in evaluation of working environment of railway construction workers in severe climate conditions, thorough hygienic characteristics cover the main construction occupations and the exploitation staffers. The research helped to elaborate variety of hygienic regulations on occupational hygiene and work schedules for railway construction workers, on hygienic basis of the workers' everyday life in severe climate conditions.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Presents the list of especially dangerous freight and criteria for the determination of the most dangerous substances. Offers an extra list of agents characterized by expressed toxicity.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Analysis of experience gained by the Russian hygienic science, actual hygienic materials, and authors' own data show that hygiene as science can be justly considered as a theoretical scientific branch engaged in fundamental problems of medical science. Moreover, etiology of professional and ecology-caused diseases is one of the most important aspects of theoretical basis of hygienic science.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The authors report their experience on improvement of Rules for Transportation of Dangerous Load and related legal documents and recommendations. The materials necessitate systematic research in urgent medical care, transport hygiene, ecology and all fields forming basic science for improvement of Rules for Transportation of Dangerous Load. The article considers scientific and informational value of emergency cards escorting dangerous load (exemplified by high concentrations of hexamethylene diamine).

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The authors demonstrated productivity of clinical and hygienic differential diagnosis of occupational and non-occupational allergic dermatoses. Original scheme and methodic approaches enable to precise the etiology and justify clinical diagnosis.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)