RESUMEN
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a polygenic endocrine disorder caused by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Depending on the period of a woman's life, the clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment tactics of the disease are different. PCOS has a complex of reproductive, metabolic and psychological characteristics. The target audience of these clinical recommendations are obstetrician-gynecologists, endocrinologists, general practitioners, general practitioners. In these clinical guidelines, all information is ranked according to the level of persuasiveness of recommendations and the reliability of evidence, depending on the number and quality of studies on this issue.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico , Endocrinólogos , Femenino , Humanos , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/diagnóstico , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/psicología , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/terapia , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of female endocrine infertility. Insulin resistanÑе is supposed to be one of the essential factors of this disease pathways. At the same time, the mechanisms of PCOS development in insulin-resistant patients have not been completely established. Leptin and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ(PPARγ) are involved in carbohydrate metabolism and reproduction function regulation. It indicates that leptin and PPARγ possibly play a role in the pathways of PCOS. This article is a review of publications on this issue. The purpose of this review was to systematize the available information on the molecular mechanisms that determine the role of leptin and PPARγ in the development of PCOS. The literature search was carried out from 04/05/2020 to 05/17/2020 using the scientific literature databases: NCBI PubMed (foreign sources) and Cyberleninka (domestic sources). We analyzed publications for the period 1990-2020.The review presents the current understanding of the possible role of leptin and PPARγ in the regulation of endocrine, immune systems, and reproductive function, as well as in the development of PCOS. Currently, no studies cover the mechanisms of interaction between leptin and PPARγ in the pathways of this syndrome. The available studies indicating the individual contribution and association of leptin and PPARγ with PCOS are conflicting and have many limitations. Therefore, more studies of direct and indirect interaction of leptin and PPARγ, as well as their role in PCOS pathways, are needed.
Asunto(s)
Infertilidad Femenina , Resistencia a la Insulina , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico , Femenino , Humanos , Leptina , PPAR gamma/genéticaRESUMEN
Specific features of LPO processes and antioxidant defense were studied in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and infertility. Changes in LPO processes in patients with PCOS were compensatory, which manifested in increased α-tocopherol and retinol concentrations and moderate decrease in superoxide dismutase activity. Intensification of prooxidant processes was found in the group of patients with infertility without PCOS. The observed changes necessitate differentiated approach to the treatment of these patients.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Infertilidad Femenina/sangre , Peroxidación de Lípido , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/sangre , Adaptación Fisiológica , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Disulfuro de Glutatión/sangre , Humanos , Infertilidad Femenina/diagnóstico , Infertilidad Femenina/patología , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/diagnóstico , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/patología , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Vitamina A/sangre , alfa-Tocoferol/sangreRESUMEN
Here we performed individual evaluation of the oxidative stress index that serves as an integral criterion for the balance of LPO-antioxidant defense system in women with endocrine pathology (type 1 diabetes mellitus and infertility with hyperprolactinemia). The state of the LPO-antioxidant defense system was estimated from blood levels of LPO substrates with conjugated double bonds, conjugated dienes, ketodienes, conjugated trienes, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, retinol, α-tocopherol, reduced and oxidized glutathione, and SOD activity. The use of this oxidative stress index allowed us to diagnose oxidative stress in female patients with endocrine pathology.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangre , Hiperprolactinemia/sangre , Infertilidad Femenina/sangre , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Adulto , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Femenino , Glutatión/sangre , Humanos , Peroxidación de Lípido/inmunología , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico , Vitamina A/sangre , alfa-Tocoferol/sangreRESUMEN
The data on circadian rhythms of melatonin secretion in women of perimenopausal (n=39) and postmenopausal (n=52) age are presented. Each group was divided into control (without sleep disorders) and main group (with sleep disorders). The saliva was collected 4 times a day (6.00-7.00, 12.00-13.00, 18.00-19.00, 23.00-24.00). The study revealed an association between sleep disorders and decreased level of melatonin only in women of perimenopausal age.
Asunto(s)
Melatonina/metabolismo , Perimenopausia/metabolismo , Posmenopausia/metabolismo , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/metabolismo , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Ritmo Circadiano , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Saliva/metabolismoRESUMEN
The antioxidant system of blood is the important factor that characterizes the adaptive possibilities of human organism. The estimation of state of the antioxidant protection and lipid peroxidation systems at men and women of two Baikal Lake ethnic groups was carried out. Spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods were used during the study. Increase of by-products of lipid peroxidation with decrease of activity of the antioxidant protection system was observed at men of the Buryat ethnicity in comparison with Russian ones. At women of the Buryat ethnicity was observed the increase of the primary products of lipid peroxidation with the adequate antioxidant response in comparison with Russian ones.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Pueblo Asiatico , Etnicidad , Peróxidos Lipídicos/sangre , Población Blanca , Adulto , Antioxidantes/análisis , Femenino , Humanos , Peroxidación de Lípido/fisiología , Masculino , Federación de Rusia , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
We studied parameters of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in women with infertility, resident of the Republic of Buryatia. The levels of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) were increased in the examined infertile women from Buryat and Russian populations. Reduced total antioxidant activity, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and α-tocopherol levels were revealed in patients from Buryat population; decreased concentrations of reduced glutathione were recorded in patients from Russian populations.