RESUMEN
This study illustrates that cultural differences arise among similarly trained health professionals. Health professionals must learn to communicate sensitively with colleagues from other cultures, to respect their values, and to recognize and resolve cultural differences that affect patient care. In this shrinking, multicultural world, health professionals cannot afford the comfortable illusion that all similarly trained practitioners share the same values about the care of patients and professional conduct.
Asunto(s)
Diversidad Cultural , Ética Médica , Internacionalidad , Autonomía Personal , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Valores Sociales , Adulto , Comunicación , Relativismo Ético , Femenino , Humanos , Kenia , Misiones Médicas , Paternalismo , Participación del Paciente , Embarazo , Mujeres Embarazadas , Investigación Cualitativa , Investigación , Esposos , Negativa del Paciente al Tratamiento , Valor de la VidaAsunto(s)
Actitud Frente a la Muerte/etnología , Autopsia/estadística & datos numéricos , Características Culturales , Diversidad Cultural , Americanos Mexicanos , Valores Sociales , Investigación Biomédica , Escolaridad , Femenino , Hospitales Públicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , TexasRESUMEN
A Student Attitude Survey was administered to high school seniors to determine attitudinal and behavioral factors associated with participation in a longitudinal cardiovascular risk factor screening program. Health beliefs, attitudes, and practices were assessed as were altruism, social skills, self-concept, conformity, and academic class standing. Male participants showed higher self-concept scores than non participants. Black participants were younger than black nonparticipants and black participants also showed greater perceived control over their health and more optimistic appraisals of the worth of medical research and practice. White male participants tended to be more likely to remain home from school or to see a doctor when ill. These observations suggest that attitudinal and behavioral factors related to participation in a health-related program can be assessed in childhood.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud , Adolescente , Negro o Afroamericano , Factores de Edad , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Servicios Preventivos de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Riesgo , Servicios de Salud Escolar , Autoimagen , Factores Sexuales , Rol del Enfermo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Población BlancaAsunto(s)
Sistema Cardiovascular/fisiopatología , Frío , Hipertensión/genética , Postura , Solución de Problemas/fisiología , Estrés Fisiológico/fisiopatología , Adulto , Presión Sanguínea , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Masculino , Psicofisiología , Respiración , Estrés Fisiológico/psicologíaRESUMEN
Fifty-two pharmacologically treated hypertensive patients were randomized to one of four treatment groups: (1) diastolic blood pressure biofeedback, (2) progressive deep muscle relaxation training, (3) self-directed relaxation training, or (4) medication alone. Data collection occurred during baseline, treatment, and 1-year follow-up phases in a laboratory, a medical clinic, and the patient's own home. Patients from all four groups combined showed mean blood pressure reductions of -10.2/-5.5 mm Hg on clinic recordings and -2.4/-.7 mm Hg on home recordings, which were maintained throughout the follow-up period. There were no significant differences among the four groups in terms of blood pressure reduction. Patients given adjunctive behavioral treatment showed significantly larger reductions in medication usage compared to patients treated with medication alone, but there were no significant differences among the three behaviorally treated groups. Patients who showed medication reductions did not show subsequent blood pressure elevation. The results suggest that combined behavioral and pharmacological therapy may be superior to pharmacological therapy alone in the treatment of essential hypertension.