RESUMEN

Objective: To explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) towards sarcopenia among older adults in Zhejiang province, China. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2023 and January 2024 among older community residents who participated in a physical examination in Shaoxing People's Hospital Physical Examination Center, Shaoxing Yuecheng District Fushan Street Community Health Service Center, Shaoxing Yuecheng District Beihai Street Community Health Service Center, Shaoxing City, and Outpatient Department of Yongkang First People's Hospital. Their demographic characteristics and KAP towards sarcopenia were collected by a self-designed questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore the relationship among KAP dimensions. Results: A total of 1092 valid questionnaires were included. The median knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 0 (0, 0) (possible range: 0-22), 31 (30, 31) (possible range: 8-40), and 17 (15, 21) (possible range: 6-30), respectively. The SEM showed that knowledge directly positively influenced attitude (ß = 0.121, P < 0.001) and practice (ß = 0.171, P < 0.001). Attitude directly positively influenced practice (ß = 0.116, P < 0.001); therefore, the knowledge showed an indirect influence on practice via attitude. Conclusion: Older adults in two cities in Zhejiang province, China, showed insufficient knowledge but moderate attitude and practice towards sarcopenia. It is imperative to design interventions to improve knowledge about sarcopenia and improve self-management and patient outcomes.

RESUMEN

After the publication of the article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that there appeared to be a pair of overlapping data panels in Fig. 4C on p. 1726 [specifically, the 'Untransfected' and 'Control shRNA' data panels for the ADM (24 h) experiments]. The authors have consulted their original data, and have realized that this figure was inadvertently assembled incorrectly. Furthermore, they have noticed that Fig. 1 on p. 1724 also contained errors that arose during its assembly; essentially, several of the data panels in Fig. 1C, showing the detection of FANCD2 focus formation via immunofluorescence experiments, were selected inappropriately. The corrected versions of Figs. 1 and 4, containing the corrected data panels for Figs. 1C and 4C respectively, are shown on the next page. Note that these errors did not affect the results or the conclusions reported in this work. The authors all agree to this Corrigendum, and are grateful to the Editor of Oncology Reports for allowing them to have the opportunity to correct these mistakes. Lastly, the authors apologize to the readership for any inconvenience these errors may have caused. [Oncology Reports 29: 1721­1729, 2013; DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2295].

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have significant clinical efficacy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The combination of fotagliptin (FOT) with metformin (MET) is a promising therapeutic approach in MET-resistant patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction between FOT and MET in healthy subjects after multiple-dose administration. METHODS: Eighteen participants received a randomized open-label, three period treatment that included MET 1000 mg alone, co-administration of FOT 24 mg and MET, followed by FOT 24 mg alone. Serial blood samples were collected for PK analysis, which included geometric mean ratios (GMRs) with 90% confidence intervals (CIs), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax). RESULTS: Analysis results showed that for FOT alone or combination therapy, the 90% CIs of the GMR for AUC0-24,ss and Cmax,ss were 102.08% (98.9%, 105.36%) and 110.65% (102.19%, 119.82%), respectively. For MET, they were 113.41% (100.32%, 128.22%) and 97.11% (83.80%, 112.55%) for AUC0-12,ss and Cmax,ss, respectively. FOT or MET monotherapy and the combination therapy with both drugs were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: No PK drug-drug interactions were found in the combination therapy with FOT and MET. Therefore, FOT can be co-administered with MET without dose adjustment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial is registered at http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/(Registration No. CTR20190221).

Asunto(s)

Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/farmacocinética , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacocinética , Metformina/farmacocinética , Piperidinas/farmacocinética , Triazinas/farmacocinética , Adolescente , Adulto , Área Bajo la Curva , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/efectos adversos , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/administración & dosificación , Hipoglucemiantes/efectos adversos , Masculino , Metformina/administración & dosificación , Metformina/efectos adversos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Piperidinas/administración & dosificación , Piperidinas/efectos adversos , Triazinas/administración & dosificación , Triazinas/efectos adversos , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

This study investigated the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of fotagliptin benzoate (fotagliptin), a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 10 and 4 patients with T2DM were randomized and received, respectively, once-daily oral fotagliptin (24 mg) or placebo, for 14 days. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were assessed throughout the study, including monitoring DPP-4, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glycosylated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose. Fotagliptin was rapidly absorbed, and the median time to maximum concentration value was ∼1.5 hours. Plasma fotagliptin levels were stable after 14 days of once-daily dosage. The accumulation ratios for the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of fotagliptin, M1, and M2-1, were 1.19 ± 0.10, 1.59 ± 0.27, and 1.39 ± 0.26, respectively. The durations for DPP-4 inhibition >80% in the fotagliptin group on days 1 and 14 were 23.5 and 24.0 hours, respectively. The concentrations of GLP-1 were higher on days 1 and 14 than at the baseline. No serious complications occurred. Fotagliptin showed favorable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and was well tolerated. Treatment with fotagliptin can achieve high DPP-4 inhibition and increase plasma GLP-1. A once-per-day dosing regimen may be recommended as clinically efficacious.

Asunto(s)

Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/administración & dosificación , Piperidinas/administración & dosificación , Triazinas/administración & dosificación , Administración Oral , Adulto , Área Bajo la Curva , Glucemia/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/farmacocinética , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón/sangre , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Piperidinas/efectos adversos , Piperidinas/farmacocinética , Triazinas/efectos adversos , Triazinas/farmacocinética

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) is a small rabbit-like mammal that lives at high altitudes in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and is in close contact with birds. Following the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 during 2005 in the migratory birds of Qinghai Lake, two clades of H5N1 have been found in pikas. However, the influenza virus receptor distribution in different tissues of this animal and its susceptibility to influenza A viruses have remained unclear. METHODS: The sialic acid receptor distribution tropism in pika was investigated using fluorescent Sambucus nigra and biotinylated Maackia amurensis I and II. Furthermore, the replication of three influenza A viruses H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 in this animal was examined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Morphological and histopathological changes caused by infection were also analyzed with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining. RESULTS: Human influenza virus-recognizing SAα2,6Gal receptors are widely expressed in the lung, kidney, liver, spleen, duodenum, ileum, rectum, and heart, whereas avian influenza virus-recognizing SAα2,3Gal receptors are strongly expressed in the trachea and lung of pika. M1 could be detected in the lungs of pikas infected with H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 by either immunostaining or RT-PCR, and in the brain of H5N1-infected pikas. Additionally, three subtypes of influenza A viruses were able to infect pika and caused varying degrees of pneumonia with epithelial desquamation and alveolar inflammatory cell infiltration. Slight pathological changes were observed in H1N1-infected lungs. A few small bronchi and terminal bronchioles were infiltrated by lymphocytic cells in H3N2-infected lungs. In contrast, serious lung damage, such as alveolar capillary hyperemia, edema, alveolar collapse, and lymphocytic infiltrations was observed in H5N1-infected group. Furthermore, neural system changes were present in the brains of H5N1-infected pikas. CONCLUSIONS: SAα2,6Gal receptors are extensively present in many of the tissues and organs in wild plateau pika, whereas SA2,3Gal-linked receptors are dominant on the tracheal epithelial cells. H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 were able to infect pika and caused different degrees of pathogenic changes in the lungs. Altogether, these results suggest that wild pika has the potential to be a host for different subtypes of influenza A viruses.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades de los Animales/metabolismo , Enfermedades de los Animales/virología , Virus de la Influenza A , Lagomorpha/virología , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae/veterinaria , Receptores de Superficie Celular/metabolismo , Enfermedades de los Animales/genética , Enfermedades de los Animales/patología , Animales , Femenino , Virus de la Influenza A/clasificación , Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Especificidad de Órganos , Receptores de Superficie Celular/genética

RESUMEN

Infections of pigeons with herpesviruses have been described in several species of domestic and wild birds. In July 2012, increased mortality was observed in a hybrid meat-type pigeon flock in Beijing, China. Diagnostic tests led to the isolation of a virus designated columbid herpesvirus 1 BJ strain (CoHV-1BJ). Sequence analysis of the viral DNA polymerase catalytic subunit gene revealed a single open reading frame of 3753 nt encoding 1250 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the CoHV-1BJ is closely related to the members of the genus Mardivirus within the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae. An experimental infection demonstrated that CoHV-1BJ is pathogenic to young pigeons, resulting in systemic infection with scattered focal necrosis in the liver and spleen. The results provide an initial assessment of herpesvirus infection in domestic pigeons in China.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades de las Aves/epidemiología , Columbidae/virología , ADN Polimerasa Dirigida por ADN/genética , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/veterinaria , Mardivirus/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Enfermedades de las Aves/virología , China , ADN Viral/genética , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/virología , Mardivirus/aislamiento & purificación , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN

RESUMEN

Gastrointestinal injury is a major cause of death following exposure to high levels of irradiation, and no effective treatments are currently available. In this study, we examined the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (Omegaven) on intestinal injury of BALB/c mice induced by irradiation. Intravenously administered 3 days prior to irradiation for 7 consecutive days, Omegaven was shown to improve survival, intestinal morphology including villous height, crypt height and mucosal thickness and the intestinal proliferation compared with saline control. Omegaven also normalized the levels of circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), attenuated the increase of diamino oxidase (DAO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level and recovered the decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Meanwhile, Omegaven attenuated the myelosuppression caused by irradiation. In conclusion, our results suggest that Omegaven enhanced the survival of irradiated mice and minimized the effects of radiation on gastrointestinal injury.

Asunto(s)

Aceites de Pescado/farmacología , Intestinos/efectos de la radiación , Protectores contra Radiación/farmacología , Amina Oxidasa (conteniendo Cobre)/metabolismo , Animales , Interleucina-6/sangre , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Intestinos/efectos de los fármacos , Malondialdehído/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Triglicéridos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Irradiación Corporal Total

RESUMEN

In the present study, we downregulated FANCF expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in OVCAR ovarian cancer cells to address the effects of decreased FANCF expression on the function of the Fanconi anemia (FA)/breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) pathway. Furthermore, we investigated whether this method increases the sensitivity of OVCAR3 cells to adriamycin (ADM) and the possible mechanism(s). We found that silencing of FANCF inactivated the FA/BRCA pathway by decreasing the monoubiquitination and focus formation of FANCD2 and reduced the function of the FA/BRCA pathway, resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation, increased cell apoptosis and DNA damage in OVCAR3 cells. Moreover, we observed that silencing of FANCF enhanced the antiproliferative effect of ADM in OVCAR3 cells and increased ADM intracellular accumulation consequently sensitizing OVCAR3 cells to ADM. Furthermore, silencing of FANCF increased cell apoptosis of OVCAR3 cells which was caused by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)-induced DNA damage, activated Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), increased release of cytochrome c, increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) dependent on JNK activation following treatment of ADM. Collectively, we confirm that silencing of FANCF sensitizes OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells to ADM, suggesting that FANCF may serve as a potential target for therapeutic strategies in the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Asunto(s)

Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Proteína del Grupo de Complementación F de la Anemia de Fanconi/genética , Proteínas Quinasas JNK Activadas por Mitógenos/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/terapia , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , Apoptosis/genética , Proteína BRCA1/genética , Proteína BRCA1/metabolismo , Caspasa 3/genética , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Terapia Combinada , Citocromos c/genética , Citocromos c/metabolismo , Daño del ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Daño del ADN/genética , Regulación hacia Abajo/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Abajo/genética , Anemia de Fanconi/genética , Anemia de Fanconi/metabolismo , Proteína del Grupo de Complementación F de la Anemia de Fanconi/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Proteínas Quinasas JNK Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/efectos de los fármacos , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ováricas/metabolismo , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/genética , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/metabolismo , Interferencia de ARN , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Transducción de Señal/genética

RESUMEN

Duck Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a recently identified pathogenic flavivirus that causes severe egg drop and encephalitis in Chinese ducks and geese. It has been found to be most closely related to the mosquito-origin Tembusu virus and chicken Sitiawan virus reported in Malaysia. However, the ecological characteristics and the pathogenesis of duck TMUV are largely unknown. We report the construction of full-length cDNA clone of duck TMUV strain JXSP. The virus genome was reverse transcribed, amplified as seven overlapping fragments and successively ligated into the low copy number vector pWSK29 under the control of a T7 promoter. Transfection of BHK-21 cells with the transcribed RNA from the full-length cDNA clone resulted in production of highly infectious progeny virus. In vitro growth characteristics in BHK-21 cells and virulence in ducklings and BALB/c mice were similar for the rescued and parental viruses. This stable infectious cDNA clone will be a valuable tool for studying the genetic determinants of duck TMUV.

Asunto(s)

ADN Complementario , Infecciones por Flavivirus/veterinaria , Flavivirus/genética , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/virología , Animales , Línea Celular , China , Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes , Cricetinae , Patos , Flavivirus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Orden Génico , Genoma Viral , Ratones , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/mortalidad

RESUMEN

Fanconi anemia complementation group-F (FANCF) is a key factor to maintain the function of FA/BRCA, a DNA-damage response pathway. However, the functional role of FANCF in breast cancer has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the effects and mechanisms of FANCF-RNAi on the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to mitoxantrone (MX). FANCF silencing by FANCF-shRNA blocked functions of FA/BRCA pathway through inhibition of FANCD2 mono-ubiquitination in breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D. In addition, FANCF shRNA inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and chromosome fragmentation in both breast cancer cells. We also found that FANCF silencing potentiated the sensitivity to MX in breast cancer cells, accompanying with an increase in intracellular MX accumulation and a decrease in BCRP expression. Furthermore, we found that the blockade of FA/BRCA pathway by FANCF-RNAi activated p38 and JNK MAPK signal pathways in response to MX treatment. BCRP expression was restored by p38 inhibitor SB203580, but not by JNK inhibitor SP600125. FANCF silencing increased JNK and p38 mediated activation of p53 in MX-treated breast cancer cells, activated the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Our findings indicate that FANCF shRNA potentiates the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to MX, suggesting that FANCF may be a potential target for therapeutic strategies for the treatment of breast tumors.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias de la Mama/enzimología , Proteína del Grupo de Complementación F de la Anemia de Fanconi/genética , Silenciador del Gen/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Quinasas JNK Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/efectos de los fármacos , Mitoxantrona/farmacología , Proteínas Quinasas p38 Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Transportador de Casetes de Unión a ATP, Subfamilia G, Miembro 2 , Transportadoras de Casetes de Unión a ATP/genética , Transportadoras de Casetes de Unión a ATP/metabolismo , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Proteína BRCA1/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Abajo/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Abajo/genética , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Anemia de Fanconi/enzimología , Anemia de Fanconi/patología , Proteína del Grupo de Complementación D2 de la Anemia de Fanconi/metabolismo , Proteína del Grupo de Complementación F de la Anemia de Fanconi/metabolismo , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Humanos , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Mitoxantrona/uso terapéutico , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , ARN Interferente Pequeño/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Ubiquitinación/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Arriba/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Arriba/genética

RESUMEN

The effects of salt on emulsions containing sorbitan oleate (Span 80) and Laponite particles were investigated. Surprisingly, a novel double phase inversion was induced by simply changing the salt concentration. At fixed concentration of Laponite particles in the aqueous phase and surfactant in paraffin oil, emulsions are oil in water (o/w) when the concentration of NaCl is lower than 5 mM. Emulsions of water in oil (w/o) are obtained when the NaCl concentration is between 5 and 20 mM. Then the emulsions invert to o/w when the salt concentration is higher than 50 mM. In this process, different emulsifiers dominate the composition of the interfacial layer, and the emulsion type is correspondingly controlled. When the salt concentration is low in the aqueous dispersion of Laponite, the particles are discrete and can move to the interface freely. Therefore, the emulsions are stabilized by particles and surfactant, and the type is o/w as particles are in domination. At intermediate salt concentrations, the aqueous dispersions of Laponite are gel-like, the viscosity is high, and the transition of the particles from the aqueous phase to the interface is inhibited. The emulsions are stabilized mainly by lipophilic surfactant, and w/o emulsions are obtained. For high salt concentration, flocculation occurs and the viscosity of the dispersion is reduced; thus, the adsorption of particles is promoted and the type of emulsions inverts to o/w. Laser-induced fluorescent confocal micrographs and cryo transmission electron microscopy clearly confirm the adsorption of Laponite particles on the surface of o/w emulsion droplets, whereas the accumulation of particles at the w/o emulsion droplet surfaces was not observed. This mechanism is also supported by the results of rheology and interfacial tension measurements.

Asunto(s)

Hexosas/química , Sales (Química)/química , Silicatos/química , Tensoactivos/química , Emulsiones , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas

RESUMEN

This study was purposed to explore the effect of troxerotin and cerebroproptein hydrolysate injection (TCHI) on platelet aggregation in vitro and thrombosis in vivo. The inhibitory rate of TCHI at different concentrations on platelet aggregation was determined by platelet aggregometer. The relationship between dose and effect was established. The effect of troxerutin and cerebroproptein hydrolysate injection on thrombosis was determined by the carotid thrombosis model of rats. The results showed that the TCHI could inhibit thrombosis and platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent way. When the concentration of TCHI total nitrogen was 5 µg/ml, the inhibition rate of platelet aggregation reached to the highest value of 28.61 ± 22.07%, which is 2.5 times as much as that with 100 µg/ml aspirin. It is concluded that the TCHI has antiaggregative and antithrombotic activity effects against platelet aggregation and thrombosis.

Asunto(s)

Hidroxietilrutósido/análogos & derivados , Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos , Trombosis , Animales , Hidroxietilrutósido/farmacología , Hidrolisados de Proteína/farmacología , Conejos , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Trombosis/prevención & control