RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if there is an association between marital status (single, married, divorced/separated, and widowed) and inhospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) from Puerto Rico in 2007, 2009, and 2011. METHODS: This study was a secondary data analysis of information retrieved from the Puerto Rican Cardiovascular Surveillance System obtained from the University of Puerto Rico for the residents of Puerto Rico during the study years. The sample included individuals aged 18 or older who presented with an incidental AMI. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between marital status and in hospital mortality after an AMI. Covariates included age, sex, social history, and comorbidities. RESULTS: Among the study participants, 414 were single, 1,811 were married, 153 were separated/divorced, and 472 were widowed. Widowed status was more common in the elderly population, age groups 75-84 and ≥85, than any other marital status representing 37.9% and 30.7% respectively (p-value < 0.001). The adjusted OR were 0.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3-1.4), 0.6 (95% CI 0.2-2.0), and 0.9 (95% CI 0.5-1.7) for single, divorced/separated, and widowed patients respectively when compared with married patients. CONCLUSION: No noticeable association was found between marital status and inhospital mortality in patients with incidental AMI in Puerto Rico during the years of 2007, 2009, and 2011. Further research may be required to investigate mortality rates during the time period following hospital discharge.
Asunto(s)
Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Estado Civil/estadística & datos numéricos , Infarto del Miocardio/epidemiología , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/mortalidad , Puerto Rico/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The emergence of virulent Plasmodium falciparum in Africa within the past 6000 years as a result of a cascade of changes in human behavior and mosquito transmission has recently been hypothesized. Here, we provide genetic evidence for a sudden increase in the African malaria parasite population about 10,000 years ago, followed by migration to other regions on the basis of variation in 100 worldwide mitochondrial DNA sequences. However, both the world and some regional populations appear to be older (50,000 to 100,000 years old), suggesting an earlier wave of migration out of Africa, perhaps during the Pleistocene migration of human beings.