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BACKGROUND@#To enhance articular cartilage healing, microfractures (Mfx) and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) are commonly used, and some form of scaffold is often used together to increase its efficacy. Herein, we compared the efficacy of atelocollagen scaffold to that of collagen scaffold when used with Mfx or BMAC on osteochondral defect of animal. @*METHODS@#This experiment was designed in two stages, and therapeutic effects of Mfx and BMAC were respectively evaluated when used with atelocollagen or collagen scaffold. Femoral condyle defects were artificially created in male New Zealand White rabbits, and in each stage, 12 rabbits were randomly allocated into three treatment groups: test group with additional atelocollagen scaffold, the positive control group with collagen scaffold, and the negative control group.Then, for 12 weeks, macroscopic and histological evaluations were performed. @*RESULTS@#At 12 weeks, defects in the test group were fully regenerated with normal cartilage-like tissue, and were well integrated with the surrounding cartilage at both stages experiment, whereas defects in the control groups were not fully filled with regenerated tissue, and the tissue appeared as fibrous tissue. Histologically, the regenerated tissue in the test group showed a statistically significant improvement compared to the positive and negative control groups, achieving a similar structure as normal articular cartilage. @*CONCLUSION@#The results showed that implantation of the atelocollagen scaffold enhanced cartilage regeneration following osteochondral defects in rabbits. This suggests that the atelocollagen scaffold can be used with Mfx or BMAC for effective regeneration of osteochondral defects.
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Purpose@#Recurrent patellar dislocation required a surgical reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) in many cases. During MPFL reconstruction, over-tension of medial construct altered the patellofemoral kinematics which may result in pain, patellofemoral joint degeneration, or graft failure. Thus, it is important to confirm appropriate tension intraoperatively. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of MPFL reconstruction with use of an adjustable tensioning under arthroscopic direct visualization of patellofemoral joint. @*Methods@#This retrospective study included 11 MPFL reconstructions (nine patients) from 2013 to 2020. All the patients received the same surgical procedures by a single surgeon. Final graft tension was determined after confirming patellar position to the trochlear groove at 60° knee flexion under arthroscopic exam. Patient demographics, pre- and postoperative radiographic results including congruence angle and Insall-Salvati ratio, and clinical outcomes were compared. @*Results@#The congruence angle was significantly changed from 32.8°±21.1° preoperatively to 8.4°±11.5° postoperatively (p=0.003), and the Insall-Salvati ratio was 1.16°±0.15° and 1.10°±0.13° respectively (p=0.02). Clinical scores were significantly improved between pre- and postoperatively; Kujala score (33.2±18.3 to 88.8±4.7, p=0.04), Lysholm score (30.2±15 to 79.0±5.2, p=0.005), and Tegner level (2.2±1.1 to 4.4±1.7, p=0.04). There was no recurrence of patellar dislocation. @*Conclusion@#MPFL reconstruction using adjustable tensioning under arthroscopic direct visualization could obtain satisfactory outcomes after surgery.
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PURPOSE: We reported the results of open synovectomy for chronic infectious arthritis of the wrist. METHODS: Fifteen patients who had chronic infectious arthritis of the wrist and underwent open synovectomy were reviewed retrospectively baesd on preoperative periods, symptoms, results of laboratory tests, radiological findings including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hospitalization period, and others. Pain scale and subjective satisfaction were checked by phone interview. RESULTS: Average preoperative period was 96.1 days. Pain on motion and edema were observed in all cases. Four patients had positive bacterial cultures and three were identified as tuberculous infection. Signal changes of bones were observed in MRI of 10 patients. Osteomyelitis was found in 8 patients during the operation and bone resection or fusion should be performed in three. Average number of operation times was 1.53. CONCLUSION: When the patients show chronic swelling and pain on motion of the wrist, diagnostic work-ups for chronic infectious arthritis should be performed including arthrocentesis and MRI. Treatment including open synovectomy should be done immediately.