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Abstract Objective: To validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Family Environment Assessment questionnaire (Inventaire du Milieu Familial). Methods: The validation process was carried out in two stages. First, translation and back-translation were performed, and in the second phase, the questionnaire was applied in 72 families of children between 0 and 24 months for the validation process. The tool consists of the following domains: mother's communication ability; behavior; organization of the physical and temporal environment; collection/quantity of toys; maternal attitude of constant attention toward her baby; diversification of stimuli; baby's behavior. The following was performed for the scale validation: 1 - content analysis (judgment); 2 - construct analysis (factorial analysis - Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett, and Pearson's correlation tests); 3 - criterion analysis (calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient, intraclass correlations, and split-half correlations). Results: The mean age of the children was 9 ± 6.7 months, and of these, 35 (48.6%) were males. Most correlations between items and domains were significant. In the factorial analysis of the scale, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin values were 0.76, Bartlett's test showed a p-value < 0.001, and correlation between items and domains showed a p-value < 0.01. Regarding the validity, Cronbach's alpha was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.94). The intraclass correlation among the evaluators was 0.97 (0.96-0.98) and split-half correlations, r: 0.60, with p < 0.01. Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the Inventaire du Milieu Familial showed good to excellent performance regarding the assessed psychometric properties.

Resumo Objetivo: Validar a versão em português do Questionário de Avaliação do Ambiente Familiar (Inventaire du Milieu Familial). Métodos: O processo de validação foi feito em duas etapas. Primeiramente, realizou-se a tradução e retrotradução e, na segunda fase, o questionário foi aplicado em 72 famílias de crianças entre zero e 24 meses para o processo de validação. O instrumento é formado pelos seguintes domínios: Capacidade de comunicação da mãe; Comportamento; Organização do ambiente físico e temporal; Acervo/quantidade de brinquedos; Implicação da mãe com seu bebê; Diversificação de estímulos; Comportamento do bebê. Para a validação da escala foi realizada: 1- análise de conteúdo (julgamento); 2- análise de construto (análise fatorial - testes Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett e correlação de Pearson); 3- análise de critério (cálculo do coeficiente alfa de cronbach, correlações intraclasse e correlações split-half). Resultados: A média de idade das crianças foi 9 ± 6,7 meses e, dessas, 35 (48,6%) eram do sexo masculino. A maioria das correlações entre os itens e os domínios foi significativa. Na análise fatorial da escala, os valores de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin foram 0,76, teste de Bartlett com p < 0,001 e correlação entre os itens e domínios p < 0,01. Em relação à validade, o alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,92 (IC 95% 0,89-0,94). A correlação intraclasse entre os avaliadores foi de 0,97 (0,96-0,98) e correlações split-half r: 0,60 p < 0,01. Conclusões: A versão portuguesa do Inventaire du Milieu Familial apresentou um bom à excelente desempenho nas propriedades psicométricas avaliadas.

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OBJECTIVE: To validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Family Environment Assessment questionnaire (Inventaire du Milieu Familial). METHODS: The validation process was carried out in two stages. First, translation and back-translation were performed, and in the second phase, the questionnaire was applied in 72 families of children between 0 and 24 months for the validation process. The tool consists of the following domains: mother's communication ability; behavior; organization of the physical and temporal environment; collection/quantity of toys; maternal attitude of constant attention toward her baby; diversification of stimuli; baby's behavior. The following was performed for the scale validation: 1 - content analysis (judgment); 2 - construct analysis (factorial analysis - Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett, and Pearson's correlation tests); 3 - criterion analysis (calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient, intraclass correlations, and split-half correlations). RESULTS: The mean age of the children was 9±6.7 months, and of these, 35 (48.6%) were males. Most correlations between items and domains were significant. In the factorial analysis of the scale, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin values were 0.76, Bartlett's test showed a p-value<0.001, and correlation between items and domains showed a p-value<0.01. Regarding the validity, Cronbach's alpha was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.94). The intraclass correlation among the evaluators was 0.97 (0.96-0.98) and split-half correlations, r: 0.60, with p<0.01. CONCLUSIONS: The Portuguese version of the Inventaire du Milieu Familial showed good to excellent performance regarding the assessed psychometric properties.

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O desenvolvimento das crianças ocorre de maneira sequencial e complexa, alterando suas estruturas físicas e neurológicas. Conhecer seu adequado crescimento e desenvolvimento é imprescindível para prevenir e detectar doenças. O objetivo desse trabalho é alertar para o reconhecimento de desvios evidentes dos padrões da normalidade e o manejo diante dessas situações.

The children's development occurs in a sequential and complex way by changing their physical and neurological structures. Know the proper growth and development of children is important to prevent and detect diseases. The objective of this work is to draw attention to the recognition of obvious deviations from normality standards and the management in such situations.

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Objetivo: descrever a prevalência de vírus em lactentes hospitalizados, comparando o primeiro episódio de sibilância (bronquiolite aguda) com sibilância recorrente. Métodos: Foram coletadas amostras de secreção nasofaríngea para pesquisa de vírus respiratórios no período de maio a setembro, 2000 e em 2001, de pacientes que internaram na Emergência Pediátrica com quadro de infecção respiratória aguda de vias aéreas inferiores. Resultados: foram selecionados para o estudo 124 pacientes. O número de coletas positivas para vírus foi de 84 (67,7%), sendo a grande maioria (67,8) pelo vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR). Foi diagnosticada bronquiolite aguda em 77 pacientes (62%) e sibilância.

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OBJECTIVES: To study the possible change on mode of deaths, medical decision practices, and family participation on decisions for limiting life-sustaining treatments (L-LST) over a period of 13 yrs in three pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) located in southern Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study based on a retrospective chart review (1988 and 1998) and on prospective data collection (from May 1999 to May 2000). SETTING: Three PICUs in Porto Alegre, southern Brazilian region. PATIENTS: Children who died in those PICUs during the years of 1988, 1998, and between May 1999 and May 2000. RESULTS: The 3 PICUs admitted 6,233 children during the study period with a mortality rate of 9.2% (575 deaths), and 509 (88.5%) medical charts were evaluated in this study. Full measures for life support (F-CPR) were recognized in 374 (73.5%) children before dying, brain death (BD) was diagnosed in 43 (8.4%), and 92 (18.1%) underwent some limitation of life support treatment (L-LST) There were 140 (27.5%) deaths within the first 24 hrs of admission and 128 of them (91.4%) received F-CPR, whereas just 11 (7.9%) patients underwent L-LST. The average length of stay for the death group submitted to F-CPR was lower (3 days) than the L-LST group (8.5 days; p < .05). The rate of F-CPR before death decreased significantly between 1988 (89.1%) and 1999/2000 (60.8%), whereas the L-LST rose in this period from 6.2% to 31.3%. These changes were not uniform among the three PICUs, with different rates of L-LST (p < .05). The families were involved in the decision-making process for L-LST in 35.9% of the cases, increasing from 12.5% in 1988 to 48.6% in 1999/2000. The L-LST plans were recorded in the medical charts in 76.1% of the deaths, increasing from 50.0% in 1988 to 95.9% in 1999/2000. CONCLUSION: We observed that the modes of deaths in southern Brazilian PICUs changed over the last 13 yrs, with an increment in L-LST. However, this change was not uniform among the studied PICUs and did not reach the levels described in countries of the Northern Hemisphere. Family participation in the L-LST decision-making process has increased over time, but it is still far behind what is observed in other parts of the world.

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