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Updating the mosquito fauna occurring in a specific area is crucial, given that certain species serve as vectors capable of transmitting zoonotic arboviruses. This scientific note presents the first records of mosquitoes of the tribe Orthopodomyiini in the Yucatan Peninsula. Immature mosquitoes were collected on 2 occasions inside a large tree hole in Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Thirteen adult specimens, reared from the immatures, were obtained and identified as Orthopodomyia kummi based on external characteristics of females and males. This species has been recorded in Panama, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, and marginally in the United States, but its presence in the Yucatan Peninsula had gone unnoticed until now. The knowledge about mosquitoes of the genus Orthopodomyia is limited, and their epidemiological importance remains uncertain. Therefore, further studies could provide insights into the ecological and infection dynamics associated with this species.

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The Yucatan Peninsula is a biogeographic province of the Neotropical region which is mostly encompassed by the 3 Mexican states of Campeche, Quintana Roo, and Yucatán. During the development of the International Joint Laboratory ELDORADO (Ecosystem, bioLogical Diversity, habitat mOdifications and Risk of emerging PAthogens and Diseases in MexicO), a French-Mexican collaboration between the IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement) and UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) in Mérida, it became evident that many putative mosquito species names recorded in the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula were misidentifications/misinterpretations or from the uncritical repetition of incorrect literature records. To provide a stronger foundation for future studies, the mosquito fauna of the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula is here comprehensively reviewed using current knowledge of taxonomy, ecology, and distribution of species through extensive bibliographic research, and examination of newly collected specimens. As a result, 90 mosquito species classified among 16 genera and 24 subgenera are recognized to occur in the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula, including 1 new peninsula record and 3 new state records.

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RESUMEN El maracuyá es la principal especie del género Passiflora. Sus principales productores son Brasil, Ecuador, Colombia y Perú con, aproximadamente, 805.000 t/año. En Colombia, se cultivaron 8.164 ha en 2019, con una producción de 137.622 t y un rendimiento promedio de 16.86 t/ha; no obstante, este agroecosistema es afectado por Ceroplastes cirripediformis, que causa daños severos y pérdidas económicas sustanciales. Para conocer su potencial de daño e importancia, se investigó los diferentes grados de infestación y la distribución espacial de C. cirripediformis en el agroecosistema maracuyá. Para esto, se estableció una escala de daño y se elaboró una grilla espacial sobre el cultivo, seleccionando 36 puntos, en los cuales, se realizaron muestreos mensuales, durante seis meses. En cada punto, se evaluó el grado de severidad de la escama y las variables meteorológicas. Con esta información, se estimaron los índices de dispersión, varianza/media, índice de Morisita y exp. K de la binomial negativa. Asimismo, se realizó un análisis de correlación (r de Pearson), entre los factores abióticos y los índices evaluados. Los resultados indican que los grados de severidad de C. cirripediformis establecidos fueron: grado 1 (<40 individuos), grado 2 (41-80 individuos), grado 3 (>a 81 individuos). De acuerdo con el análisis de correlación, los factores de temperatura y de precipitación inciden notablemente sobre las poblaciones del cóccido y su distribución. Los índices de dispersión mostraron que las poblaciones en el cultivo de maracuyá se establecen en agregado, por lo que es esencial focalizar estrategias de manejo hacia puntos específicos.

ABSTRACT The passion fruit is the main species of the genus Passiflora. Its main producers are Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru with approximately 805,000 t/year. In Colombia, 8,164 ha were cultivated in 2019, with a production of 137,622 t and an average yield of 16.86 t/ha. However, this agroecosystem is affected by Ceroplastes cirripediformis, which causes severe damage and substantial economic losses. To know its potential for damage and importance, the different degrees of infestation and the spatial distribution of C. cirripediformis in the passion fruit agroecosystem was investigated. For this, a damage scale was established, and a spatial grid was drawn up on the crop, selecting 36 points in which monthly samplings were carried out for six months. At each point, the degree of severity of the scale and the meteorological variables were evaluated. With this information, the dispersion indices, variance/mean, Morisita index, and exp. K of the negative binomial. Likewise, a correlation analysis (Pearson's r) was performed between the abiotic factors and the evaluated indices. The results indicate that the degrees of severity of C. cirripediformis established were: grade 1 (<40 individuals), grade 2 (41-80 individuals), grade 3 (> 81 individuals). According to the correlation analysis, the temperature and precipitation factors have a notable impact on the populations of the coccyx and its distribution. The dispersion indices found in the populations in the passion fruit cultivation were achieved in aggregate, so it is essential to focus management strategies towards specific points.

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The field of attosecond science was first enabled by nonlinear compression of intense laser pulses to a duration below two optical cycles. Twenty years later, creating such short pulses still requires state-of-the-art few-cycle laser amplifiers to most efficiently exploit "instantaneous" optical nonlinearities in noble gases for spectral broadening and parametric frequency conversion. Here, we show that nonlinear compression can be much more efficient when driven in molecular gases by pulses substantially longer than a few cycles because of enhanced optical nonlinearity associated with rotational alignment. We use 80-cycle pulses from an industrial-grade laser amplifier to simultaneously drive molecular alignment and supercontinuum generation in a gas-filled capillary, producing more than two octaves of coherent bandwidth and achieving >45-fold compression to a duration of 1.6 cycles. As the enhanced nonlinearity is linked to rotational motion, the dynamics can be exploited for long-wavelength frequency conversion and compressing picosecond lasers.

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An asymmetric multi-image encryption system based on the chirp z-transform (CZT) is demonstrated. The setup is a hybrid architecture that combines a double-random-phase encryption scheme in 4f configuration and a multiplexing procedure based on the CZT. The setup allows encodement of multiple images and their transmittal in a single multiplexed element. The decryption stage has a compact design that allows retrieval of several data without cross-talk noise. Since the system is asymmetric, the users' decryption keys are different from those used in the encryption process, resulting in an encoding scheme resistant to cryptanalysis attacks. It is demonstrated that multiplexing based on the CZT allows functionality expansion of the static encoding setups (optical, digital or hybrid) to a dynamic range, a fact that provides a versatile solution to handle large volumes of encrypted data efficiently and safely. The viability of this proposal is verified using virtual optical systems.

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BACKGROUND: RNA viruses commonly infect bats and rodents, including mosquito-borne flaviviruses (MBFV) that affect human and animal health. Serological evidence suggests past interactions between these two mammalian orders with dengue viruses (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), and yellow fever virus (YFV). Although in Mexico there are reports of these viruses in both host groups, we know little about their endemic cycles or persistence in time and space. METHODS: Rodents and bats were captured at the Cuitzmala River Basin on the Pacific coast of Jalisco state, Mexico, where MBFV, such as DENV, have been reported in both humans and bats. Samples were taken during January, June, and October 2014, at locations adjacent to the river. Tissue samples were collected from both bats and rodents and serum samples from rodents only. Highly sensitive serological and molecular assays were used to search for current and past evidence of viral circulation. RESULTS: One thousand nine hundred forty-eight individuals were captured belonging to 21 bat and 14 rodent species. Seven hundred sixty-nine liver and 764 spleen samples were analysed by means of a specific molecular protocol used to detect flaviviruses. Additionally, 708 serum samples from rodents were examined in order to demonstrate previous exposure to dengue virus serotype 2 (which circulates in the region). There were no positive results with any diagnostic test. DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first survey of rodents and only the second survey of bats from the Pacific Coast of Mexico in a search for MBFV. We obtained negative results from all samples. We validated our laboratory tests with negative and positive controls. Our findings are consistent with other empirical and experimental studies in which these mammalian hosts may not replicate mosquito-borne flaviviruses or present low prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: True-negative results are essential for the construction of distribution models and are necessary to identify potential areas at risk. Negative results should not be interpreted as the local absence of MBFV in the region. On the contrary, we need to establish a long-term surveillance programme to find MBFV presence in the mosquito trophic networks, identifying the potential role of rodents and bats in viral dynamics.

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Resumen Los principios en los que se basa la justicia restaurativa representan una alternativa con gran potencial transformador para víctimas y victimarios, aunque todavía no es del todo claro cómo aprovechar bien ese potencial. Se presentan dos evaluaciones formativas de intervenciones para personas recluidas por haber cometido delitos. Participaron 7 adolescentes en el estudio 1 y 5 adultos en el estudio 2, todos hombres. La intervención del estudio 1 consistió en 10 sesiones de una hora que incluían un módulo de manejo de la ira adaptado del programa EQUIP y un módulo sobre reparación del daño. La intervención del estudio 2 fue de 6 sesiones focalizadas exclusivamente en reparación del daño. Las intervenciones incluían juegos de roles que simulaban un eventual encuentro entre los participantes y las víctimas de sus agresiones, y cartas a sus víctimas que sabían que no serían enviadas. Se encontró un alto grado de satisfacción e involucramiento de los participantes. Los participantes demostraron empatía por sus víctimas y disposición a reparar el daño, así como un aumento en su reporte de manejo de la ira. Estos dos estudios muestran que es posible aprovechar, en centros de reclusión, el potencial transformador de los principios restaurativos incluso sin reuniones con las víctimas.

Abstract Restorative justice is based on principles which constitute an opportunity with great transformative potential for victims and aggressors alike; although it is not clear yet how to tap that potential. Two formative evaluation of intervention are presented here for individuals held in detention because they have committed offences. Seven adolescents participated in study 1 and five adults took part in study 2, all of whom were men. The intervention in study I consisted of 10 session of 1 hour, which included an anger management module adapted from the EQUIP program and a reparation for damage module. The intervention of study 2 involved six sessions which were exclusively targeted for the reparation of damage. The interventions incorporated role plays that simulate a possible meeting of the participants, their aggression victims and letters to the victims that would not be sent. The study found a high level of participants' satisfaction and involvement; they demonstrated empathy for their victims and willingness for repairing the damage as well as an increase in their anger management report. These studies show that, in detention centers, it is posible to take advantage of the transformative potential of restorative principles even without conducting meetings with the victims.

Resumo Os princípios nos quais se baseia a justiça restaurativa representam uma alternativa com grande potencial transformador para vítimas e vitimizadores, embora não esteja bem claro como tal potencial deva ser aproveitado. Apresentam-se duas avaliações formativas de intervenções para pessoas detidas por terem cometido delitos. No estudo 1, participaram sete adolescentes e, no estudo 2, cinco adultos, todos eles homens. A intervenção do estudo 1 consistiu em dez sessões de uma hora, que incluíam um módulo sobre gerência da raiva, adaptado do programa EQUIP, e um módulo acerca da reparação do dano. A intervenção do estudo 2 resumiu-se a seis sessões, focadas exclusivamente na reparação do dano. As intervenções incluíram jogos de encenação, que simulavam um eventual encontro entre os participantes e as vítimas das suas agressões, e a escrita de cartas a suas vítimas, as quais os autores sabiam que não seriam enviadas. Identificou-se um alto nível de satisfação e envolvimento dos participantes, que demostraram empatia pelas suas vítimas e disposição para reparar o dano, bem como um aumento nos seus relatórios de gerência da raiva. Esses dois estudos mostram que é possível aproveitar, em centros de reclusão, o potencial transformador dos princípios restaurativos, inclusive sem reuniões com as vítimas.

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OBJECTIVE: The in vivo and in vitro antitumor activity of kaurenic acid [kaur 16-en-19 oic acid] (KA) in melanoma was evaluated in a murine model in comparison with taxol (Tx). MATERIALS AND METHODS: B16F1 melanoma was developed in C57BL/6 mice and cell cultures. Survival test, tumor growth, dissected-tumor measurements, histology, cytoxicity assay on cultured cells, and changes of apoptotic gene expression at mRNA level were analyzed. RESULTS: KA showed antitumor effect in vivo and in vitro and compared with Tx, its antimelanoma activity was greater (P < 0.001). These results were confirmed by morphological analysis (P < 0.001). In melanoma cell cultures, KA IC(50) was 0.79 µM vs. 18.94 µM for Tx (P < 0.001). RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that Bcl-xL mRNA expression was altered in B16F1 mouse melanoma cells obtained from mice treated with either KA or Tx. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that KA is active in animal melanoma models, both in vitro and in vivo, being its cytotoxic effects stronger than those exhibited by Tx. Further trials should be conducted to elucidate its mechanism of action in melanoma with respect to necrosis or apoptotic processes. Our results support other evidences indicating that KA is a potential chemotherapeutic agent against cancer that has to be widely explored.

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OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of kaurenic acid (KA), a tetracyclic diterpenoid carboxylic acid, using in vivo experimental animal models. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The anti-inflammatory activity of KA was evaluated in rats, using egg albumin-induced paw edema (acute test) and Freund's complete adjuvant-induced paw edema (subacute test), whereas the antipyretic effect was studied in rabbits by peptone-induced pyresis. Acute and subacute toxicity of KA were analyzed in NMRI mice. RESULTS: KA showed anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties, and the effect caused was significantly dose-related (P < 0.001) in both cases. The mean lethal doses of KA were 439.2 and 344.6 mg/kg for acute and subacute toxicity, respectively. CONCLUSION: On the basis of these findings, it may be inferred that KA has an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic potential.

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Apresenta-se um caso de fratura radicular no qual optou-se por extração e implante ósseo-integrado imediato, com instalação imediata de prótese parcial fixa adesiva temporária, utilizando-se dente de estoque suportado por compósitos fotopolimerizáveis reforçados por fibras cerâmicas flexíveis

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Se estudió la presencia de anticuerpos anticitomegalovirus (CMV) isotipo IgG en sangre periférica de 60 receptores de trasplante renal, quienes de acuerdo con las vías de transmisión de este agente, constituyen un importante grupo de riesgo. Los anticuerpos se detectaron por un método de análisis inmunoenzimático en fase sólida, utilizando estuches comerciales de la firma Labsystems O. Y. Los datos clínicos y epidemiológicos se correlacionaron con los resultados del laboratorio y se procesaron utilizando métodos estadísticos. Se encontró el 77

de seropositividad

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Se estudió la presencia de anticuerpos anticitomegalovirus (CMV) isotipo IgG en sangre periférica de 60 receptores de trasplante renal, quienes de acuerdo con las vías de transmisión de este agente, constituyen un importante grupo de riesgo. Los anticuerpos se detectaron por un método de análisis inmunoenzimático en fase sólida, utilizando estuches comerciales de la firma Labsystems O. Y. Los datos clínicos y epidemiológicos se correlacionaron con los resultados del laboratorio y se procesaron utilizando métodos estadísticos. Se encontró el 77 % de seropositividad

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Se cultiva el parásito Crithidia luciliae y se preparan a partir de este cultivo, láminas portaobjetos de fabricación china, para utilizarlas en la detección de anticuerpos anti ADN de doble cadena en el suero de pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico mediante la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Se comparan los resultados obtenidos de l00 sueros mediante láminas comerciales de procedencia holandesa, con los obtenidos con las láminas fabricadas nacionalmente por nosotros y se comprueba mediante la prueba de Chi cuadrado que no existen diferencias significativas entre ambos métodos

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Se cultiva el parásito Crithidia luciliae y se preparan a partir de este cultivo, láminas portaobjetos de fabricación china, para utilizarlas en la detección de anticuerpos anti ADN de doble cadena en el suero de pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico mediante la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Se comparan los resultados obtenidos de l00 sueros mediante láminas comerciales de procedencia holandesa, con los obtenidos con las láminas fabricadas nacionalmente por nosotros y se comprueba mediante la prueba de Chi cuadrado que no existen diferencias significativas entre ambos métodos

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A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) é uma doença muito freqüente, constitui um importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, é um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares, cerebrovasculares e renais, é responsável por um numero importante de atendimentos em atenção primaria. Esta doença tem uma alta incidência no centro de saúde Jardim Montanhês , os atendimentos se incrementam cada dia mais, além disso os pacientes fazem uso de um grande número de medicamentos em seu tratamento e não se consegue o controle da doença. Por isso foi proposto um plano de intervenção para modificação dos fatores de risco que influem na qualidade da atenção do pacientes hipertensos idosos, com objetivo de garantir uma melhor assistência e seguimento aos pacientes idosos e portadores desta doença, que procuram nossa unidade de saúde Jardim Montanhês em Belo Horizonte/MG. Para a construção deste projeto foram utilizados trabalhos, artigos e revistas científicos. Durante a intervenção foi proposto um seguimento continuo, visando os melhores resultados possível, havendo a possibilidade de se corrigir os rumos e ser possível impactar o problema apresentado. Espera-se que com este trabalho, os pacientes idosos estejam cientes e com conhecimento adequado sobre a doença, visando transformar o modo e estilo de vida e assim os principais fatores de risco que se somam à sua idade. Com um melhor acompanhamento familiar, seguimento padronizados em consulta e comunidade, será possível um controle satisfatório da doença evitando maiores complicações na vida dos idosos.

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