RESUMEN

The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of a relaxation training program (RT), a cognitive training program (CT), and the combination of both on changes in cognitive status, emotional status, and experience of pain in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Fifty care home residents underwent either RT (26 participants) or CT (24 participants) in the first training period, followed by the combined relaxation and cognitive training program in the second. Psychological tests on cognitive performance, mood disturbance/well-being, depression, and experience of pain were implemented at three time points of measurement, before (t1), after (t2) the first training period, and after the second training period (t3). Both RT and CT with the subsequent combined training program in the second training period, respectively, increased cognitive performance and well-being, and reduced mood disturbance, depression, and the experience of pain. The study showed the non-inferiority of RT in respect of cognitive and emotional status in care home residents with MCI compared to the more frequently implemented CT. Both training programs are high in acceptability and positive outcomes on cognitive, emotional, and pain status support the use of a combination of RT and CT.

Asunto(s)

Cognición , Disfunción Cognitiva , Anciano , Disfunción Cognitiva/psicología , Disfunción Cognitiva/terapia , Emociones , Humanos , Dolor , Terapia por Relajación

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Due to the growing popularity of body modifications, dental practitioners are increasingly confronted with oral piercing and its implications. Successful consultation and subsequent change of patient behavior require an understanding of the patient's personality and the deep reasons that explain this self-injurious behavior. This is the first study evaluating personality traits and aspects of body perception in a cohort of adults with oral piercing. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Sixty-two individuals with labial and/or tongue piercing completed three validated questionnaires assessing body perception and personality traits (Questionnaire for assessing one's own body; Sensation Seeking Scale; Big Five Inventory Scale). Fisher Exact probability test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to determine differences in frequency data and in psychologic parameters between subgroups. RESULTS: Eighteen single- and 44 multiple-pierced individuals completed the study (53 women, 9 men). The odds for being multiple pierced was significantly higher for tongue than for labial piercing (3.89 and 0.63, respectively; P = .003). In all psychologic parameters measured, the sample showed score distributions within reference norms. However, multiple-pierced individuals displayed a significantly lesser feeling of attractiveness, less self-confidence, and more uncertainty/anxiety towards their body than single-pierced probands (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Psychologic characteristics of individuals with oral piercing do not fundamentally differ from those of the average population. Therefore, dental practitioners should focus on the medical and dental implications of oral piercing in the counseling of patients who have or intend to have such done.

Asunto(s)

Imagen Corporal , Perforación del Cuerpo , Adulto , Odontólogos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Rol Profesional , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Lengua

RESUMEN

A sharp increase in bariatric surgery has resulted in a spike in the population of patients seeking plastic surgery after massive weight loss. This study was undertaken to determine how patients experience plastic surgical removal of an overlap flap and how they benefit from the surgery. A content analysis of interviews with 10 patients who underwent abdominoplasty was carried out approximately 12 months after the procedure. All interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and analyzed using inductive reasoning. The data were then organized into categories that reflected emerging themes. All patients reported benefits in areas such as mental health, quality of life, or body image. Plastic surgery after weight loss improves psychosocial well-being. These results will influence the indication for a reconstructive operation in future and underline the need for reconstructive surgery in a multidisciplinary care program after weight loss surgery in morbidly obese patients.

Asunto(s)

Abdominoplastia/métodos , Abdominoplastia/psicología , Imagen Corporal/psicología , Satisfacción del Paciente , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Grasa Abdominal/cirugía , Adulto , Cirugía Bariátrica , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad Mórbida/psicología , Obesidad Mórbida/cirugía , Investigación Cualitativa , Autoimagen , Pérdida de Peso

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Owing to the overwhelming popularity of oral piercing, general practitioners should be prepared to address complications arising as a result of oral piercing and to provide patients with accurate information. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of early and late complications associated with lip and tongue piercing in a population obtained from a nondental setting. Possible cofactors were evaluated. METHOD AND MATERIALS: The study cohort included 130 lip and 80 tongue piercings. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire to determine demographic data, smoking habits, characteristics of the piercing worn (time since piercing, material-plastic or metal), postpiercing complications, and possible cofactors. RESULTS: Prevalence of early piercing complications was 87.83%. Although there was no statistically significant difference in the overall prevalence of early postpiercing complications after lip or tongue piercing, the type of complication differed significantly according to the piercing location. Significant cofactors for early complications were oral hygiene behavior, gender, and the person who performed the piercing. The highest prevalence of late complications was found to be recurrent infections and gingival recessions. As cofactors, time since piercing and oral hygiene behavior had a significant impact on late complications. CONCLUSION: Early complications after oral piercing are frequent. Oral health care might be an important tool to minimize early and late postpiercing complications. Owing to the high prevalence of late complications-especially after median lip piercing-persons with oral piercing should attend regular dental checks and receive professional advice on tooth cleaning and oral hygiene.

Asunto(s)

Perforación del Cuerpo/efectos adversos , Labio/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Lengua/cirugía , Adolescente , Adulto , Aleaciones/química , Austria/epidemiología , Perforación del Cuerpo/instrumentación , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Edema/epidemiología , Femenino , Recesión Gingival/epidemiología , Humanos , Enfermedades de los Labios/epidemiología , Masculino , Dolor Postoperatorio/epidemiología , Plásticos/química , Prevalencia , Factores Sexuales , Fumar/epidemiología , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Factores de Tiempo , Enfermedades de la Lengua/epidemiología , Cepillado Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Physical disabilities generally cause disturbances in a patient's body image. The aim of the present study is to assess the prevalence of different aspects of body image disturbances (attractiveness /self-confidence, negative body judgement, accentuation of external appearance, worry about possible physical deficits, sexual problems and physical vitality) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in the context of the severity of impairment, mood and pain intensity. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with AS and 48 healthy controls were investigated using a questionnaire for assessing one's body (1) and the body image questionnaire (2). Furthermore, in the AS patients' medical parameters including BASMI and BASFI, pain intensity and state of well-being were assessed. RESULTS: In comparison to the controls, the AS patients reported significantly more worries about possible physical deficits. The mildly impaired patients (including significantly more women) were even more insecure than the severely impaired patients. Furthermore the patients considered themselves as being less attractive. The AS patients reported better physical vitality than the controls. This result might be due to patients carrying out regular physical activity and performing exercises with therapeutic value. There were no differences between the groups concerning sexual problems. The total group of AS patients showed normal scores in the state of well-being and did not report pain intensity as being higher than what is expected in chronic pain patients in general. CONCLUSIONS: Rheumatologists should address problems in body image in patients with AS and in severe cases psychological therapy should be initiated.

Asunto(s)

Imagen Corporal , Trastornos del Humor/epidemiología , Trastornos del Humor/psicología , Autoimagen , Espondilitis Anquilosante/epidemiología , Espondilitis Anquilosante/psicología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor/epidemiología , Dolor/psicología , Prevalencia , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Sexualidad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The number of patients desiring reconstructive surgery after a huge weight loss achieved with gastric banding is increasing. This study was undertaken to determine whether plastic surgical removal of an overlap flap has a psychosocial effect on patients. METHODS: Thirty-women and four men who underwent overlap flap surgery were interviewed 1 day before, and again 3 and approximately 12 months after the procedure using a series of instruments: Strauss and Appelt's Questionnaire for assessing one's body, the Body Perception Questionnaire by Paulus, the questionnaire for satisfaction of life by Fahrenberg, Myrtek, Schumacher, and Brähler, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (German version) by Herrmann, Buss, and Snaith, and the authors' general questionnaire after surgery. The same clinical parameters were also investigated in a control group of persons who did not undergo plastic surgery. Comparisons were made before and after surgery between and in both groups. RESULTS: In contrast to the control group, surgical patients reported a highly significant increase in self-confidence and the feeling of being attractive (p

Asunto(s)

Pared Abdominal/cirugía , Obesidad Mórbida/psicología , Obesidad Mórbida/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/psicología , Adulto , Imagen Corporal , Femenino , Gastroplastia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Autoimagen , Pérdida de Peso