RESUMEN
RELEVANCE: Evaluation of the effectiveness of risk management in persons with high cardiovascular risk is an important element in reducing the death rate of the population from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). AIM: Analysis of the prevalence and level of risk factors control in patients with high CV risk CVD from the Russian centers of the primary care unit of the EUROASPIRE IV study in comparison with the general population of the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 14 European countries, including the Russian Federation, participated. Patients aged 18 to 79 years were included in the study, without clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis, who were prescribed antihypertensive therapy and/or lipid lowering therapy and/or treatment for diabetes between the ages of ≥6 months and.
Asunto(s)
Aterosclerosis/complicaciones , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Prevención Primaria , Anciano , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamiento farmacológico , Europa (Continente) , Femenino , Humanos , Hipolipemiantes/uso terapéutico , Lactante , Masculino , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The picture of primary prevention obtained from real-life practice makes possible scheduling measures for prevention improvement. AIM: To analyze features of drug and non-drug therapy aimed at decreasing cardiovascular risk in Russian patients with a high risk (HR) of CVD compared with the study general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 14 European countries, including the Russian Federation, participated in this cross-sectional study. The study included patients aged 18-80 without clinical signs of atherosclerosis who have received antihypertensive and/or lipid-lowering therapy and/or therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM) within >6 to.
Asunto(s)
Aterosclerosis/complicaciones , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Prevención Primaria , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Aterosclerosis/epidemiología , Aterosclerosis/terapia , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Europa (Continente) , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Federación de Rusia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The effect of the pyridoindole antioxidant stobadine on diabetes-induced changes of Na,K-ATPase, especially those concerning the utilisation of its substrate ATP, was investigated. Sixteen weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes (single i.v. dose of streptozotocin; 55 mg/kg) was followed by decrease in the enzyme activity. This effect was emphasised in the presence of higher concentrations of substrate and in the presence of 8 mmol x l(-1) ATP it represented 20%. It might be a consequence of altered functional properties of Na,K-ATPase as suggested by 20% decrease in the V(max) value along with decrease in the K(m) value by 20%. Administration of 0.05% (w/w) stobadine in the diet to diabetic rats improved the function of renal Na,K-ATPase with respect to utilisation of ATP as suggested by significant increase in the enzyme activity in the whole concentration range of ATP investigated as a consequence of V(max) elevation to the level comparable to absolute controls. In conclusion, stobadine may play a positive role in restoring the functional properties of renal Na,K-ATPase, especially concerning the utilisation of energy derived from hydrolysis of ATP, improving thus the maintenance of ionic homeostasis during diabetes.
Asunto(s)
Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Carbolinas/administración & dosificación , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/inducido químicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Riñón/metabolismo , ATPasa Intercambiadora de Sodio-Potasio/metabolismo , Estreptozocina , Animales , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Indoles/metabolismo , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Overload of reactive oxygen species during diabetes is known to impair cellular homeostasis and to promote deterioration of membrane function in the organism. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation with the pyridoindole atioxidant stobadine on functional properties of the renal Na, K-ATPase in diabetic rats. After 16 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes (single intravenous dose of streptozotocin; 55 mg/kg), a significant inhibition (by 35%-42%) of the enzyme was observed throughout the range of NaCl 2-100 mmol/l, probably as an event of altered functional properties of Na,K-ATPase, suggested by the 42% decrease of the V(max) value. Administration of 0.05% (w/w) stobadine in the diet dramatically improved the function of renal Na,K-ATPase in diabetic rats with regard to sodium handling, as suggested by significant stimulation (by 104%-77% in accordance with increasing concentration of NaCl) of the enzyme over the whole NaCl concentration range investigated. This stimulatory effect was accompanied by an increase of V(max) value to the level of nondiabetic rats on standard diet. In conclusion, stobadine was found to antagonise the negative effects of diabetes on the renal Na,K-ATPase, preserving its normal function in regulation of intracellular homeostasis of Na(+) and K(+) ions.