RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine to what extent daily physical education can be implemented in primary schools, what barriers exist and how to overcome the mentioned barriers. Moreover, it was analysed to what extent daily physical education is accepted by teachers, external trainers, parents and students. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews with parents (n=7), teachers (n=5) and external trainers (n=6) of the intervention schools. The intervention students (n=44) were surveyed within focus groups. RESULTS: All surveyed groups appraised the implementation of daily school sports as successful. The cooperation between the schools and the sports club should be maintained during a comprehensive implementation of daily physical education. Besides an improved lessons quality teachers and external trainers reported an improved social behaviour of the children. Parents perceived positive effects on the child development. All groups believe that daily physical education increases the enjoyment of children in sports. As a certain barrier a lack of resources (e. g., facilities, equipment, financial resources) in the schools were mentioned. CONCLUSIONS: The cooperation between the schools and the sports club proved to be an applicable model to implement daily physical education. The combination of teachers and external trainers can contribute to a higher lesson quality. Considering the perceived potentials of daily physical education by all surveyed groups, a comprehensive implementation of systematic daily physical activity promotion in the primary school setting should be tapped more strongly in future.
Asunto(s)
Docentes/estadística & datos numéricos , Padres , Educación y Entrenamiento Físico/estadística & datos numéricos , Instituciones Académicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Deportes/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Niño , Femenino , Alemania , Humanos , Masculino , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Servicios de Salud Escolar/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
The "fit for pisa" intervention implemented daily physical education at five primary schools in Göttingen. The results of the evaluation show an increase in physical activity among the students participating in the programme. At the same time sedentary behaviour, like watching television, decreased remarkably. In the long run the promotion of an active lifestyle had improved the body mass index. The study emphasises the need for government funding to implement the programme across the country.
Asunto(s)
Análisis Costo-Beneficio/organización & administración , Costos de la Atención en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Acondicionamiento Físico Humano/economía , Servicios de Salud Escolar/economía , Instituciones Académicas/economía , Deportes/economía , Índice de Masa Corporal , Niño , Salud Infantil/economía , Femenino , Alemania/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Acondicionamiento Físico Humano/estadística & datos numéricos , Servicios de Salud Escolar/estadística & datos numéricos , Conducta Sedentaria , Deportes/estadística & datos numéricos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The increasing prevalence of risk factors associated with physical inactivity lead to an economic burden on society. The article uses the example of the prevention measure "fit for pisa" to investigate to what extent a full economic evaluation can provide a basis for decision-makers. The intervention integrated the daily physical education at 5 primary schools in Göttingen for the entire school term. The study is intended to provide information on short- and long-term potential savings. A process analysis identified the prevention performance from a societal perspective. Resource consumption was recorded in (partly) standardisedform and evaluated and also revealed the need for investment in sports halls with capacity to expand the programme to all primary schools in Göttingen. In the routine the implementation costs of half-day schools are 619 per student year; for all-day schools 236 per student year. The consideration of the short-term outcomes shows that TV viewing has decreased and physical activity has been strongly encouraged. The active life style promotion has shown an improvement on BMI in the medium-term. On the basis of a decision analytical model, a cost-benefit analysis of the program over the life course will be undertaken.
Asunto(s)
Costo de Enfermedad , Costos de la Atención en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Promoción de la Salud/economía , Actividad Motora , Deportes/economía , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Niño , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Femenino , Alemania/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Deportes/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: This article presents a literature review on post-rehabilitation care focussing on preventive and health promotion aspects set out on the example of coronary heart disease. Selected studies and programmes for intensified aftercare are analyzed as to whether and to what extent preventive and health promotion aspects are integrated in post-rehabilitation care. METHODS: The analysis includes a stock-taking of practice concepts and evaluation studies on aftercare programmes in cardiac rehabilitation in Germany. Presented is an overview of the aftercare programmes in place based on a comprehensive, systematic literature search. RESULTS: The review shows a great diversity of aftercare programmes available in cardiac rehabilitation. The findings support the assumption that aftercare offers a range of promising approaches for implementing preventive and health promotion activities due to its aim of achieving sustained rehabilitation success. So far, implementation of those activities has been insufficient. Cardiovascular risk factors such as lifestyle and psychosocial status are being considered to different degrees in those programmes in terms of intensity and frequency. Along with programmes showing a large proportion of preventive measures, only limited preventive structures are found for a majority of the aftercare concepts analyzed. Health promotion strategies are also identified in only few aftercare programmes. CONCLUSION: Effectiveness studies support good results for intensified aftercare, but they often refer to only part of the relevant cardiovascular risk factors and to only medium-term observation, while long-term proof of effectiveness is scarce. A small number of programmes with positive outcomes relative to the risk profile suggest that integration of preventive and health promotion activities can contribute strongly to improving and stabilizing the effects achieved in rehabilitation. The present analysis indicates further need for research in order to verify the effects of existing post-rehabilitation programmes concerning cardiovascular risk factors and determination of the relevant target groups.