RESUMEN
The aim of the study was to assess the results of surgical treatment in 74 patients with extensive arteriovenous angiodisplasia in the head and neck area. All patients underwent complex examination including ultrasound, CT and MRI with contrast and selective carotid angiography. The lesions excision was performed after endovascular embolization and soft tissue defects were restored by various methods selected according to prevalent vascular lesion type (arterial, arteriovenous, venous, capillary) and blood flow values (high flow, low flow, mixed). Good and satisfactory esthetic results were seen in 95.2% of cases, lesion relapse was detected in 4.8% of cases by 12-18 months follow-up. Endovascular embolization proved to decrease the intraoperative bleeding risk, prevent lesion relapse and minimize the size of the lesion improving the results of radical treatment. Local flap reconstruction usually results in good esthetic results. By local soft tissue deficiency distant free flaps or microsurgical complex flaps may be used.
Asunto(s)
Angiodisplasia/cirugía , Angiodisplasia/diagnóstico por imagen , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Embolización Terapéutica , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Femenino , Cabeza , Humanos , Angiografía por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Cuello , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Technetium pentacarbonyl fluoride [TcF(CO)5] was prepared for the first time by reaction of [TcI(CO)5] with solid AgF in a dichloromethane solution at -23 °C. Low temperature crystallization of the resulting compound in a glass vial yielded an unusual complex [Tc(CO)3(OH)0.49F0.51]4·[Tc(CO)5(BF4)] characterized by single crystal XRD.
Asunto(s)
Araceae/química , Crioprotectores/aislamiento & purificación , Pectinas/aislamiento & purificación , Recuento de Células , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Criopreservación/métodos , Crioprotectores/farmacología , Citaféresis , Humanos , Leucocitos/citología , Leucocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Neutrófilos/citología , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Pectinas/farmacología , Fagocitosis/efectos de los fármacos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
A new effective and available method is proposed for preservation of human blood leukocytes at supercooling temperature (-10 degrees C). The method consists in induction of cold hypobiosis under protection of an original antifreeze protecting solution containing glycerol (cryoprotector), mexidol (antioxidant and membrane stabilizer), and gelatin preparation (modegel or gelatinol) as the solvent. No washing of the solution from the biological object before its intravenous injection is needed; the solution preserves morphological integrity of cells and their functional activity at a high level for 12 days.
Asunto(s)
Conservación de la Sangre/métodos , Gelatina/química , Leucocitos/citología , Soluciones/química , Crioprotectores/química , Humanos , Leucocitos/metabolismo , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Morphological and functional indicators were investigated of donor leukocyte concentrates mixed at a ratio of 1 to 1 with three versions of cold-protective and kept at an undercooling temperature (-10 degree C) for 24 hours, and with a cryoprotector of optimal composition for 12 days,. An optimal version of a non-freezing cold-protective solution was found. It was determined that 76+/-4 % of the neutrophils retain there ability of phagocytosis among the viable cells (81+/-5 %) after a 12 day hypobiosis. Thus the results testify to a high morphofunctional safety of human blood leukocytes which experienced cold-hypobiosis (-10 degree C) in an original non-freezing solution not requiring washing after re-warming.
Asunto(s)
Criopreservación , Leucocitos/citología , Crioprotectores , Eosina Amarillenta-(YS) , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Humanos , Leucocitos/fisiología , Neutrófilos/fisiología , FagocitosisRESUMEN
Bleomycetin, an antitumor antibiotic, was subjected to chemical modification by the C-end fragment i.e. the residue of 3-[(4-aminobutyl)amino]propylamine (spermidine++) with acylation, carbamoylation and reducing alkylation, which yielded its new semisynthetic derivatives. The use of physicochemical methods showed that the chemical modification involved the primary and secondary amino groups++ of spermidine++ and gave rise to N,N'-diacyl, N,N'-dicarbamoyl and N,N'-dialkyl bleomycetins. The biological properties of the derivatives, i.e. their cytotoxic activity, acute and pulmonary toxicities were studied. The transformation of bleomycetin by the C-end fragment lowered the antibiotic toxicity and was believed to be a promising approach to modifying its molecule.
Asunto(s)
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Bleomicina/síntesis química , Leucemia Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia Linfoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Espermidina/síntesis química , Acilación , Alquilación , Animales , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/química , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Bleomicina/química , Bleomicina/uso terapéutico , Cromatografía en Gel/métodos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Técnicas In Vitro , Ratones , Potenciometría/métodos , Espectrofotometría Ultravioleta/métodos , Espermidina/químicaRESUMEN
Toxicity of eremomycin was studied after its multiple parenteral administration to albino rats, guinea pigs and dogs in doses equivalent by the body surface to the daily doses for humans i. e. 1 and 3 g. The antibiotic was administered for 1 to 6 months. Tolerance of the antibiotic by the dogs after intravenous and intramuscular administration was satisfactory. In some animals there were observed an insignificant increase in the activity of alanine aminotransferase and a rise in the level of urea in blood serum. Pathomorphological examination of the internal organs of the albino rats and dogs showed that in high doses the antibiotic could have a damaging effect on the kidneys and epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of the damages depended on the dose of the antibiotic and duration of its use. The damages induced by eremomycin were reversible. It had no marked effect on the peripheral blood count, coagulation system and erythrocyte resistance. In the tested doses the antibiotic had no unfavourable effect on the hearing function in the experiments with guinea pigs. Studies with rats revealed that eremomycin had no teratogenic effect. A slightly pronounced embryotoxic action was observed only after using the antibiotic in doses exceeding more than 12 times the approximate therapeutic dose.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/toxicidad , Desarrollo Embrionario y Fetal/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Percepción Auditiva/efectos de los fármacos , Perros , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Femenino , Glicopéptidos/toxicidad , Cobayas , Intestino Delgado/efectos de los fármacos , Intestino Delgado/patología , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/patología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Ratas , Estómago/efectos de los fármacos , Estómago/patologíaRESUMEN
Eremomycin is relatively low toxic. LD50 of eremomycin on its intravenous administration to albino mice amounted to 1760 (1460-2130) mg/kg. It is 2.6, 3.5 and 6 times less toxic than ristomycin, vancomycin and teicoplanin, respectively. The rate of intravenous administration had no significant effect on eremomycin toxicity. Sensitivity of adult and preadolescent mice to eremomycin was almost the same. Eremomycin toxicity for male mice was somewhat higher than that for female mice. The use of 5 per cent glucose solution instead of distilled water as a solvent lowered 1.3-fold the toxicity of eremomycin in albino mice when it was administered intravenously. The toxic effect of eremomycin on the renal function played a significant role in the mechanism of the animal death due to the antibiotic. In experiments with guinea pigs eremomycin showed no allergenic effect. Unlike the other representatives of glycopeptide antibiotics, eremomycin had practically no local irritating effect which provided its recommendation for clinical trials not only as an intravenous but also intramuscular antibiotic.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/toxicidad , Animales , Gatos , Perros , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Glicopéptidos/administración & dosificación , Glicopéptidos/farmacocinética , Glicopéptidos/toxicidad , Cobayas , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Ratones , Ratas , Ristocetina/toxicidad , Teicoplanina , Vancomicina/toxicidadRESUMEN
The systemic effect and toxicity of rubomycin 13-cyclohexylidene hydrazone (RCH) were studied in comparison to those of rubomycin on noninbred albino mice. The drugs were used intravenously in single doses or a course consisting of 5 injections. When used intravenously in a single dose RCH was 2 times less toxic than rubomycin. RCH differed from rubomycin by the character of animal death: the former induced death of the animals immediately after its intravenous administration, while with the use of the latter the animals died within the first 5-10 days after the drug injection. When used during the treatment course including 5 intravenous injections in doses of 0.45 or 0.3 of LD50, the inhibitory effects of the drugs on hemopoiesis were similar by their nature, RCH had a more pronounced cardiotoxic effect than rubomycin.
Asunto(s)
Daunorrubicina/análogos & derivados , Animales , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Daunorrubicina/toxicidad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Corazón/efectos de los fármacos , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Ratones , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Concentrations of benz(a)pyrene (BP) and 15 other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil with forage plants (lucerne) irrigated by biologically purified mixed domestic and industrial (coke-chemical) sewage from collection pond did not exceed those in control soil (irrigated by relatively clean fresh water) and were lower than in nonirrigated one, which is due, probably, to PAH oxidation by soil-proper microflora activated in humid soil polluted by PAH. BP content in control and experimental samples of lucerne coincide within +/- 25% limits.
Asunto(s)
Carcinógenos Ambientales/análisis , Plantas/análisis , Compuestos Policíclicos/análisis , Aguas del Alcantarillado , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Aguas del Alcantarillado/análisis , Microbiología del SueloRESUMEN
Toxicity of doxorubicin prepared with an original chemical method from rubomycin (daunomycin) was studied on albino rats and dogs. The antibiotic was administered intravenously in multiple doses. A significant loss of the body weight, a decrease in the relative weight of the spleen, thymus and ovary and an increase in the relative weight of the heart, kidneys and adrenal gland were observed in the rats after daily administration of doxorubicin in various doses 5 times. In a dose of 0.5 mg/kg doxorubicin was lethal for the dogs after 5, 7 and 10 administrations. Multiple administration of the antibiotic in doses of 0.25 and 0.125 mg/kg did not result in death of the dogs. There were areas of alopecia on the belly and joints, ulcers, body weight loss, increased urea levels in serum and diarrhea before death. The faeces contained significant admixtures of blood. Doxorubicin had an inhibitory effect on hemopoiesis of the albino rats and dogs. Before death bone marrow aplasia was recorded. After discontinuation of doxorubicin administration the inhibitory effect of the antibiotic on hemopoiesis persisted for 2-3 days. Histological examination of the organs and tissues of the animals killed at different periods after multiple intravenous administration of doxorubicin in various doses showed that doxorubicin had mainly the damaging effect on the gastrointestinal epithelium, heart muscle, epithelium of the proximal tubuli of the kidneys, lymphoid organs and testis. The damage depended on the dose of doxorubicin and duration of its use. By the character of the toxic effect and the size of the doses inducing certain effects doxorubicin made in the USSR did not differ from the analogous foreign drug.
Asunto(s)
Doxorrubicina/administración & dosificación , Animales , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Perros , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Doxorrubicina/toxicidad , Femenino , Inyecciones Intravenosas , Masculino , Ratas , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The effect of 2 diuretics, diacarb and lasix on the intensity of immunodepressant action of low doses of rubomycin was studied. It was shown that diacarb increased the inhibitory effect of rubomycin on accumulation of the antibody-forming cells in the spleen. This effect was evident by the 3rd, 4th and 7th day after the antigen injection to the mice (the 4th, 5th and 8th day after the last injection of rubomycin). Combined use of rubomycin and diacarb also resulted in a low number of nuclear cells in the spleen as compared to control. Lasix did not increase the immunodepressant effect of rubomycin. Still, when used alone it had a capacity for changing the time course of the immune response development.
Asunto(s)
Acetazolamida/inmunología , Formación de Anticuerpos/efectos de los fármacos , Daunorrubicina/inmunología , Diuréticos/inmunología , Furosemida/inmunología , Animales , Células Productoras de Anticuerpos/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta Inmunológica , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Inmunización , Terapia de Inmunosupresión , Ratones , Bazo/inmunología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Toxicity of bleomycetin was studied on 3 animal species (rats, rabbits and dogs). The antibiotic was administered intramuscularly and intravenously in various doses for a prolonged period of time. The death of the rats, rabbits and dogs treated with repeated lethal doses of bleomycetin was due to its toxic effect on the kidneys and probably lungs. The level of urea in the blood of the animals before death increased up to 300--400 mg %. Histological examination of the kidneys revealed the picture of glomerulonephritis. The lungs were highly plethoric and showed areas of alveolar collapse and consolidation consisting mainly of the collapsed alveolar epithelium. The liver was not affected by bleomycetin according to both the results of some functional tests and histological examination. tthe blood sugar level after bleomycetin administration was not altered significantly. The changes in the peripheral blood were not pronounced. An increased P wave, decreased R wave and deep S wave were seen on the ECG. Such deviitions may be due not only to the changes in the myocardium but also to the lung affection. When bleomycetiin was used repeatedly in nonlethal doses (1 mg/kg for rats, 1--2 mg/kg for rabbits and 0.25--0.5 mg/kg for dogs), the above changes were less pronounced or not manifested at all. No inhibitory effect on hemopoiesis is an important positive characteristics of bleomycetin, so that it compares very favourably with most other antitumor drugs.
Asunto(s)
Bleomicina/toxicidad , Animales , Bleomicina/administración & dosificación , Glucemia/análisis , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Perros , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Femenino , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Conejos , Ratas , Factores de Tiempo , U.R.S.S.RESUMEN
Toxicity of bleomycetin (bleomycin A2) administered intravenously, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously or intramusculary in a single dose to animals was almost identical. On its oral administration bleomycetin was 10--14 times less toxic than on its parenteral use. Rats were somewhat less sensitive to bleomycetin than mice. Bleomycetin had no significant effect on the level of the arterial pressure, respiration, ECG characteristics and elements of the vegetative nervous system in narcotized cats. After a single intravenous or subcutaneous administration to rabbits bleomycetin was detectable in the blood for 4--5 hours. The highest bleomycetin levels were registered in the skin, kidneys and lungs. Bleomycetin was mainly excreted with the urine.
Asunto(s)
Bleomicina/toxicidad , Animales , Biofarmacia , Bleomicina/administración & dosificación , Bleomicina/metabolismo , Femenino , Cinética , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Ratones , Conejos , Ratas , Factores de Tiempo , Distribución Tisular , U.R.S.S.RESUMEN
Diacarb or lasix in combination with olivomycin increased the antibiotic antiblastomic activity and toxicity when used for the course treatment of mice with transplanted lymphosarcoma LIO-I. The chemotherapeutic indices of such combinations did not differ from those of olivomycin used alone. Diacarb decreased excretion of olivomycin with the urine in healthy mice, while lasix increased it.
Asunto(s)
Acetazolamida/uso terapéutico , Furosemida/uso terapéutico , Olivomicinas/uso terapéutico , Animales , Diuresis/efectos de los fármacos , Combinación de Medicamentos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Femenino , Cinética , Linfoma no Hodgkin/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Ratones , Neoplasias Experimentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Olivomicinas/farmacología , Olivomicinas/toxicidad , RatasRESUMEN
Acute toxicity of the components of the carminomycin complex after intravenous administration to albino mice increased as follows. I less than II less than III. Component II induced a decrease in all the indices of the bone marrow and peripheral blood of the animals. It was most pronounced in dogs. The dogs died after administration of component II in the lethal doses as a result of the bone marrow aplasia. The indices of the functional state of the liver and kidneys in the animals after administration of components I and II changed slightly. Component III administered repeatedly to rabbits even in low doses induced significant impairments in the function of the liver and kidneys. Component II differed from component I by more pronounced cardiotoxicity. On the basis of the experimental data and the results published earlier component I is recommended for clinical trials as the least toxic one.
Asunto(s)
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos , Carubicina , Animales , Glucemia/análisis , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Carubicina/farmacología , Carubicina/toxicidad , Perros , Femenino , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Función Renal , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Función Hepática , Masculino , Ratones , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , ConejosRESUMEN
Rubomycin or dipin in combination with diacarb had higher toxicity and antitumor activity as compared to administration of the cytostatic agents alone to mice with transplanted lymphosarcoma, strain L10-1. The chemotherapeutic indices of the combinations did not differ or were somewhat lower as compared to the same indices of the cytostatic agents used alone.
Asunto(s)
Acetazolamida/toxicidad , Óxidos P-Cíclicos/toxicidad , Daunorrubicina/toxicidad , Piperazinas/toxicidad , Acetazolamida/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Aziridinas , Óxidos P-Cíclicos/uso terapéutico , Daunorrubicina/uso terapéutico , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Linfoma no Hodgkin/tratamiento farmacológico , Ratones , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Experimentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Piperazinas/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Combined use of rubomycin and olivomycin with diacarb in treatment of rats with Pliss lymphosarcoma increased the antiblastomic activity of the antibiotics. The antitumor effect of rubomycin and olivomycin was increased by diacarb in the same degree as that of dipin, a synthetic cytostatic.